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{"sheet":"Welcome","index":0,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":13}
["Welcome to the REN21 GSR 2018 Data Pack! "]
[]
["The Data Pack created by REN21 is a collection of all the figures, data, and tables that appear in the Renewables Global Status Reports (GSR). This is to facilitate easier access and deeper research into the numbers and infographics that form and support the narrative in REN21's flagship publication."]
[]
["Please note: "]
["1) The figures and data listed in the Data Pack appear in the same order as in the GSR full report, on separate tabs."]
["2) You can directly jump to any specific figure or data from the Table of Contents and back to the Contents by clicking on the top-leftmost cell of any particular sheet. "]
["3) The Reference Tables appear toward the end."]
["4) Source information found on each data sheet corresponds to the endnotes referenced for each respective figure in the GSR full report (accessible via: www.ren21.net/gsr)."]
["5) Occasional discrepanies in data may appear due to rounding."]
["6) In cases where a figure and/or data is missing, it is because of limited sharing rights."]
[]
["If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact us at gsr@ren21.net"]

{"sheet":"Contents","index":1,"n_rows":93,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":93}
[null,"Table of Contents"]
[]
[null,"Figures"]
["Global Overview","Figure 1. Estimated Renewable Share of Total Final Energy Consumption, 2016"]
["Global Overview","Figure 2. Growth in Global Renewable Energy Compared to Total Final Energy Consumption, 2005-2015"]
["Global Overview","Figure 3. Renewable Energy in Total Final Energy Consumption, by Sector, 2015"]
["Global Overview","Figure 4. Carbon Pricing Policies, 2017"]
["Global Overview","Figure 5. Global Renewable Power Capacity, 2007-2017"]
["Global Overview","Figure 6. Estimated Renewable Energy Share of Global Electricity Production, End-2017"]
["Global Overview","Figure 7. Renewable Power Capacities in World, EU-28, and Top Countries, 2017"]
["Global Overview","Figure 8. Share of Electricity Generation from Variable Renewable Energy, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Global Overview","Table 1: Estimated Direct and Indirect Jobs in Renewable Energy, by Country and Technology, 2016-2017"]
["Global Overview","Figure 9. Jobs in Renewable Energy"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 10. Number of Countries with Renewable Energy Regulatory Policies, by Sector, 2004-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 11. National Sector-Specific Targets for Share of Renewable Energy, by a Specific Year, by Sector, in Place at End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 12. National Targets for Share of Renewable Energy in Final Energy, by a Specific Year, in Place at End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 13. Countries with Energy Efficiency Policies and Targets, End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 14. National and Sub-national Renewable Transport Mandates, End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Figure 15. Targets for Renewable Power and/or Electric Vehicles, End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Table 2: Renewable Energy Support Policies"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 16. Shares of Bioenergy in Total Final Energy Consumption, Overall and by End-Use Sector, 2016"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 17. Consumption of Heat from Bioenergy in the EU-28, by Country and Fuel Source, 2006-2016"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 18. Global Bio-power Generation, by Region, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 19. Global Trends in Ethanol, Biodiesel and HVO Production, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 20. Geothermal Power Capacity Global Additions, Share by Country, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 21. Geothermal Power Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 22. Hydropower Global Capacity, Shares of Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 23. Hydropower Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries for Capacity Added, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 24. Solar PV Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 25. Solar PV Global Capacity, by Country or Region, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 26. Solar PV Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 27. Solar PV Global Capacity Additions, Shares of Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 28. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power Global Capacity, by Country and Region, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 29. CSP Thermal Energy Storage Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 30. Solar Water Heating Collectors Global Capacity, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 31. Solar Water Heating Collector Additions, Top 20 Countries for Capacity Added, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 32. Solar Water Heating Collectors Global Capacity in Operation, Shares of Top 12 Countries and Rest of World, 2016"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 33. Solar District Heating Systems, Global Annual Additions and Total Area in Operation, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 34. Wind Power Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 35. Wind Power Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 36. Wind Power Offshore Global Capacity by Region, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Figure 37. Market Shares of Top 10 Wind Turbine Manufacturers, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table 3: Status of Renewable Electricity Generating Technologies, Costs and Capacity Factors, 2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 38. Market Size and Current Penetration of Off-Grid Solar Systems in Selected Countries, 2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 39. Population Without Access to Electricity, by Region or Country, 2010-2016"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 40. Annual Global Sales of Off-Grid Solar Systems, 2013-2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 41. Number of Off-Grid Solar Systems Sold by GOGLA Affiliates in Top 5 Countries, 2016 and 2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 42. Estimated Renewable Energy-based Large Micro-grid projects (>100 kW) Installed Outside of the OECD and China, 2013-2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 43. Number of Clean Cook Stoves Distributed in Selected Countries, 2015 and 2016"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 44. Approximate Proportion of Clean Cook Stoves by Energy Source, 2016"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 45. Production of Biogas for Cooking in Selected Countries, 2015 and 2016"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 46. Global Investment in Off-Grid Solar PV Companies, 2013-2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Figure 47. Global Investment in Clean Cook Stove Companies, 2011-2017"]
["Investment Flows","Figure 48. Global New Investment in Renewable Power and Fuels in Developed, Emerging and Developing Countries, 2007-2017"]
["Investment Flows","Figure 49. Global New Investment in Renewable Power and Fuels, by Country or Region, 2007-2017"]
["Investment Flows","Figure 50. Global New Investment in Renewable Energy by Technology in Developed, Emerging and Developing Countries, 2017"]
["Investment Flows","Figure 51. Global Investment in New Power Capacity, by Type (Renewables, Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Power), 2017"]
["Energy Systems Integration and Enabling Technologies","Figure 52. Global Utility-Scale Energy Storage Capacity, by Technology, 2017"]
["Energy Systems Integration and Enabling Technologies","Figure 53. Global Passenger Electric Vehicle Market (including PHEVs), 2012-2017"]
["Energy Efficiency","Figure 54. Global Primary Energy Intensity and Total Primary Enegy Supply, 2011-2016"]
["Energy Efficiency","Figure 55. Primary Energy Intensity of Gross Domestic Product, Selected Regions and World, 2011 and 2016"]
["Energy Efficiency","Figure 56. Average Electricity Consumption per Electrified Household, Selected Regions and World, 2011 and 2016"]
["Energy Efficiency","Figure 57. Average Energy Intensity of Industry, Selected Regions and World, 2011 and 2016"]
["Feature: Corporate Sourcing of Renewable Energy","Figure 58. Countries Where Corporations Have Sourced Renewable Electricity, up to End-2017"]
["Feature: Corporate Sourcing of Renewable Energy","Table 4: Overview of Policy Measures That Support Various Corporate Sourcing Options"]
[]
[null,"Reference Tables"]
["Global Overview","Table R1. Global Renewable Energy Capacity and Biofuel Production, 2017"]
["Global Overview","Table R2. Renewable Power Capacity, World and Top Regions/Countries, 2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R3. Renewable Energy Targets, Share of Primary or Final Energy and Progress, End-2015"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R4. Renewable Energy Targets, Technology-Specific Share of Primary or Final Energy"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R5. Renewable Heating and Cooling Targets and Progress, End-2016"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R6. Renewable Transport Targets and Progress, End-2016"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R7. Renewable Transport Mandates at the National/State/Provincial Levels, End-2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R8. Renewable Power Targets, Share of Electricity Generation and Progress, End-2016"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R9. Renewable Power Targets, Technology-Specific Share of Electricity Generation"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R10. Renewable Power Targets for Specific Amount of Installed Capacity or Generation"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R11. Renewable Heating and Cooling Policies, 2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R12. Feed-in Electricity Policies, Cumulative Number of Countries/States/Provinces and 2017 Revisions"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R13. Renewable Power Tenders at the National/State/Provincial Levels, 2017"]
["Policy Landscape","Table R14. Renewable Energy Targets, Selected City and Local Examples"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R15. Biofuels Global Production, Top 15 Countries and EU-28, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R16. Geothermal Power Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R17. Hydropower Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R18. Solar PV Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2007-2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R19. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) Global Capacity and Additions, 2017"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R20. Solar Water Heating Collectors Total Capacity End-2016 and Newly Installed Capacity 2017, Top 20 Countries"]
["Market & Industry Trends","Table R21. Wind Power Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Table R22. Electricity Access by Region and Country, 2016 and Targets"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Table R23. Population Without Access to Clean Cooking by Region and Country, 2015"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Table R24. Programmes Furthering Energy Access, Selected Examples"]
["Distributed Renewables for Energy Access","Table R25. International Networks Furthering Energy Access, Selected Examples"]
["Investment Flows","Table R26. Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment, 2007-2017"]

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["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 4: Carbon Pricing Policies, 2017"]
[]
[null,"Regional Emissions Trading System (ETS) (EU-28-plus)",null,"Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia and Spain"]
[null,"Both regional ETS (EU-28-plus) and national carbon tax",null,"Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden and the United Kingdom"]
[null,"National ETS",null,"China, Kazakhstan, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea"]
[null,"National carbon tax",null,"Chile, Colombia, Japan and Mexico"]
[null,"Both national ETS and national carbon tax",null,"Switzerland"]
[null,"Sub-national ETS",null,"Beijing, California, Chongqing, Connecticut, Delaware, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Ontario, Québec, Rhode Island, Saitama, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Tokyo and Vermont"]
[null,"Both sub-national ETS and sub-national carbon tax",null,"British Columbia (Canada)"]
[null,"Sub-national carbon tax",null,"Alberta (Canada)"]
[]
[" ","Source","See endnote 57 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Figure 4 based on the following sources: World Bank, State and Trends of Carbon Pricing (Washington, DC: 2017), p. 12, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28510/wb_report_171027.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y; European Commission, The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) (Brussels: 2016), p. 1, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/sites/clima/files/factsheet_ets_en.pdf; International Carbon Action Partnership ETS Map https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/ets-map (last updated March 2018); Government of Canada \"Pan-Canadian Approach to Pricing Carbon Pollution\", 3 October 2016, http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=1132169; Colombia from Juan Camilo Gómez Trillos, University of Oldenberg, personal communication with REN21, 3 May 2017. "]

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["Note: Hydropower excludes pure pumped storage. "]
["Source","See endnote 186 for this chapter."]
[null,"Based on data in this GSR and from the following sources: CSP data compiled from New Energy Update, “CSP today global tracker”, http://tracker.newenergyupdate.com/tracker/projects, viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018; NREL, “Concentrating solar power projects”, https://www.nrel.gov/csp/ solarpaces/, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018; REN21, Renewables 2017 Global Status Report (Paris: 2016), pp. 72-74, 171, http:// www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/17-8399_ GSR_2017_Full_Report_0621_Opt.pdf; CSP World, “CSP world map”, http://cspworld.org/cspworldmap, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 3 April 2018; IRENA, Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://www.irena.org/publications/2018/Mar/RenewableCapacity-Statistics-2018; Luis Crespo, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association, Brussels, personal communication with REN21, 20 April 2018. Solar PV data from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2016: Survey Report of Selected IEA Countries Between 1992 and 2016 (Paris: 2017), pp. 74-75, http://iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/public/report/statistics/ IEA-PVPS_Trends_2017_in_Photovoltaic_Applications.pdf, and from IEA PVPS, op. cit. note 184, p. 4. Wind power capacity from Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC), Global Wind 7 ENDNOTES · 01 GLOBAL OVERVIEW 01REFERENCES I GLOBAL OVERVIEW Report – Annual Market Update 2017 (Brussels: April 2018), p. 17, http://files.gwec.net/files/GWR2017.pdf. Remaining technologies from IRENA, “Renewable Electricity Capacity and Generation Statistics”, http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/ dashboard/?topic=4&subTopic=54, viewed 7 May 2018. For more on renewable power capacity in 2017, see Reference Table R1, technology sections in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes. Figure 5 based on idem, all sources."]

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["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 7: Renewable Power Capacities in World, EU-28, and Top Countries, 2017"]
[]
[null,"Technology","World Total","BRICS","EU-28","China","United States","Germany","India","Japan","United Kingdom"]
[null,"Totals",{"v":1081.2060000000001,"d":"1081"},429,{"v":319.6962,"d":"320"},{"v":334.32328,"d":"334"},161,106,61,{"v":56.532,"d":"57"},{"v":37.562,"d":"38"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Not including hydropower. Distinction is made because hydropower remains the largest single component by far of renewable power capacity, and thus can mask developments in other renewable energy technologies if included. (--> See Reference Table R2 for data including hydropower.) The five BRICS countries are Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 202 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Rankings for top countries for non-hydropower capacity based on sources provided for China, the United States, Germany and India in endnote 200, and from the following: Japan: hydropower based on data from Japan Agency for Natural Resource and Energy, Ministry of Trade and Energy, provided by Hironao Matsubara, ISEP, personal communication with REN21, 8 May 2018; wind power from GWEC, op. cit. note 186, p. 17; solar PV from Becquerel Institute, personal communication with REN21, 29 March 2018, and from IEA PVPS, op. cit. note 184, pp. 4, 10; bio-power from IEA, Renewables 2017, op. cit. note 18, Table 5, viewed 4 May 2018; geothermal based on data for end-2016 (522 MW, running capacity) from IEA Geothermal, 2016 Annual Report (Taupo, New Zealand: October 2017), p. 66, http://iea-gia. org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Annual-Report-2016.pdf, and addition of 5 MW in 2017, from Alexander Richter, “Idemitsu Kosan starts operation of 5 MW Takigami geothermal plant, Japan”, ThinkGeoEnergy, 7 March 2017, http://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/ idemitsu-kosan-starts-operation-of-5-mw-takigami-geothermalplant-japan. United Kingdom: hydropower, bio-power and ocean power from UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, “Energy Trends: renewables, Section 6”, p. 69, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy-trendssection-6-renewables, updated 29 March 2018; wind power from WindEurope, op. cit. note 200, pp. 7, 9; solar PV from UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, “Solar Photovoltaics Deployment in the UK February 2018”, updated 29 March 2018, Table 1, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ solar-photovoltaics-deployment, and from IEA PVPS, op. cit. note 184, pp. 4, 15. Figure 7 based on sources in this note, on sources in endnote 200, and on global data available throughout this report, including Reference Tables R1 (and associated endnote) and R2, as well as on data for the following: EU-28: hydropower from the following: IRENA, personal communication with REN21, April 2018; IHA, personal communication with REN21, April 2018; IRENA, “Renewable Electricity Capacity and Generation Statistics”, op. cit. note 186; BMWi, op. cit. note 200, p. 7; UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, “Energy Trends: renewables, Section 6”, op. cit. this note, p. 69; and from IHA, 2018 Hydropower Status Report – Sector Trends and Insights (London: May 2018), https://www.hydropower.org/sites/default/ files/publications-docs/2018_hydropower_status_report_0. pdf. Wind power from WindEurope, op. cit. note 200, pp. 7, 9; solar PV from Becquerel Institute, personal communication with REN21, April 2018; bio-power based on data from BMWi, op. cit. note 200, p. 7, and from UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, op. cit this note, p. 69; bio-power data for other countries is based on forecast 2017 capacity figures from IEA, Renewables 2017, op. cit. note 18, Table 5. Geothermal based on data for Germany from BMWi, op. cit. note 200, p. 7. Italy from from IEA Geothermal, op. cit. this note, pp. 55, 66; Austria, France and Portugal from IRENA, “Renewable Electricity Capacity and Generation Statistics”, op. cit. note 186. CSP based on REE, op. cit. note 200, p. 4, (beyond Spain, projects are small-scale and/or pilots). Ocean power from IRENA, “Renewable Electricity Capacity and Generation Statistics”, op. cit. note 186. Russian Federation: hydropower from System Operator of the Unified Energy System of Russia, op. cit. note 187; wind power from WindEurope, op. cit. note 200, pp. 7, 9; solar PV from Anton Usachev, Russian Solar Industry Association, personal communication with REN21, April 2018; bio-power from IEA, Renewables 2017, op. cit. note 18, Table 5; geothermal and ocean power from IRENA, “Renewable Electricity Capacity\nand Generation Statistics”, op. cit. note 186. South Africa:\nhydropower from idem; wind power from GWEC, op. cit. note\n186, p. 17; solar PV from IEA PVPS, op. cit. note 184, pp. 4, 15; bio-power from IEA, Renewables 2017, op. cit. note 18, Table 5; CSP from NREL, “Concentrating solar power projects in South Africa”, https://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/by_country_detail.\ncfm/country=ZA, viewed 5 May 2018. "]

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["Note: This figure includes the top 10 countries according to the best available data at the time of publication."]
["Source","See endnote 206 for this chapter."]
[null,"Additional three countries are Ireland (25%), Portugal (23%) and Spain (21%). Figure 8 based on the following: Denmark preliminary net generation data of 14,777 GWh from wind power, 789 GWh from solar PV and total net production of 29,453 GWh, from Danish Energy Agency, “Månedlig elstatistik. Hele landet”, in Annual Energy Statistics 2017, https://ens.dk/en/our-services/ statistics-data-key-figures-and-energy-maps/annual-andmonthly-statistics, viewed 17 April 2018. Uruguay from MIEM, op. cit. note 205. Germany based on net generation from wind power of 103.65 TWh (19%), on net solar power generation of 38.39 TWh (7%), and on total net generation of 546.91 TWh, from Fraunhofer ISE, “Energy charts – annual electricity generation in Germany in 2017”, https://www.energy-charts.de/energy.htm?source=all-sou rces&period=annual&year=2017, updated 12 March 2018. Ireland wind power share based on total net generation of 28,710 GWh, from Ireland Central Statistics Office, “Electricity output by month and statistic”, https://data.gov.ie/dataset/electricity-outputby-month-and-statistic/resource/610fce9a-5e9c-4356-b1eacf1e9368eb38?inner_span=True#&r=Month&c=State, viewed 18 April 2017, and on wind generation of 7,229 GWh, from EIRGRID, “Historical wind dispatch down (constraint and curtailment) percentages for Ireland (IE), Northern Ireland (NI) and All Island (AI)”, http://www.eirgridgroup.com/site-files/library/EirGrid/ Wind20DD20Historical.jpg, viewed 18 April 2018. Also based on total system generation and total wind power generation\nin Ireland from “System data and fuel mix summary report”,\nprovided by EIRGRID, personal communication with REN21, 20\nApril 2018. Ireland has little solar PV capacity, per idem. Portugal\nbased on data from REN Portugal, “Estatistica mensal”, http://\nwww.centrodeinformacao.ren.pt/PT/InformacaoExploracao/\nPaginas/EstatisticaMensal.aspx, from Empresa de Electricidade\nda Madeira (EEM), “Mix de produção mensal, por origen (GWh)”,\nhttps://www.eem.pt/media/339475/evol_ram_03_2018.pdf,\nand from Electricidade dos Açores, Procura e Oferta de Energia\nElétrica (December 2017), http://www.eda.pt/Mediateca/\nPublicacoes/Producao/ProducaoConsumo/POEE%20\ndezembro%202017.pdf, all provided by João Graça Gomes,\nAssociação Portuguesa de Energias Renováveis (APREN),\nPortugal, personal communication with REN21, April 2018. Spain\nbased on provisional data from REE, op. cit. note 200, p. 4. United\nKingdom based on data from UK Department for Business,\nEnergy & Industrial Strategy, “Energy Trends: renewables,\nSection 6”, op. cit. note 202, p. 69, Table 6.1. Greece from the\nfollowing: data for interconnected systems from Greek Operator\nof Electricity Market (LAGIE), “DAS Monthly Reports”, http://\nwww.lagie.gr/en/market/market-analysis/das-monthly-reports/;\ndata for non-interconnected islands from Hellenic Electricity\nDistribution Network Operator S.A., https://www.deddie.gr/en/\nthemata-tou-diaxeiristi-mi-diasundedemenwn-nisiwn/stoixeiaekkathariseon-kai-minaion-deltion-mdn/miniaia-deltia-ape-kaithermikis-paragwgis-sta-miMar22201831802323PM/minaiapliroforiaka-deltia-paragogis-2017,\nviewed April 2018, all in Greek\nand provided by Ioannis Tsipouridis, R.E.D. Pro Consultants,\nAthens, personal communication with REN21, 14 April 2018.\nHonduras from Empresa Nacional de Energía Eléctrica (ENEE),\nBoletín de Datos Estadistíco Diciembre 2017 (Tegucigalpa:\nundated), p. 10, https://gastosmios.000webhostapp.com/pdf/\nBoletin-Estadistico-Diciembre-2017.pdf. Nicaragua from Instituto\nNicaragüense de Energía, Ente Regulador, “Generación neta\nsistema eléctrico nacional año 2017”, http://www.ine.gob.ni/DGE/\nestadisticas/2017/generacion_neta_2017_actmar18.pdf, viewed\n12 April 2018."]

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["Table of Contents","Table Title","Table 1: Estimated Direct and Indirect Jobs in Renewable Energy, by Country and Technology, 2016-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"World","China","Brazil","United States","India","Japan","European Unionk"]
[{"$nulls":8},"Germany","Rest of EU"]
[]
[null,"Solar PV",3.365,2.216,10,233,164,272,36,64]
[null,"Liquid biofuels",1.931,51,"795g","299h",35,3,24,176]
[null,"Wind power",1.148,510,34,106,61,5,160,4]
[null,"Solar heating/ cooling",807,670,42,13,17,"0.7","8.9",25]
[null,"Solid biomassa,b",780,180,null,"80i",58,null,41,348]
[null,"Biogas",344,145,null,7,85,null,41,30]
[null,"Hydropower (small-scale)c",290,95,12,"9.3",12,null,"7.3j",67]
[null,"Geothermal energya,d",93,"1.5",null,35,null,2,"6.5",19]
[null,"CSP",34,11,null,"5.2",null,null,"0.6",5]
[null,"TOTAL","8,829f",3.88,893,786,432,283,332,936]
[null,"Hydropower (large-scale)e","1,514k",312,184,26,289,20,"7.3j",67]
[null,"Total (including large-scale hydropower)",10.343,4.192,1.076,812,721,303,"332j",936]
[]
[null,"Note: Jobs estimates generally derive from 2016 or 2017 data, although some data are from earlier years. Estimates result from a review of primary sources such as national ministries and statistical agencies, as well as secondary sources such as regional and global studies. Totals for individual countries/regions may not add up due to rounding."]
[null,"a Power and heat applications. b Traditional biomass is not included. c Although 10 MW is often used as a threshold, definitions are inconsistent across countries. d Includes ground-based heat pumps for EU countries. e Large-scale hydropower includes direct jobs only, so the table underestimates employment for this technology relative to others. f Totals include waste (28,000 jobs), ocean energy (1,000 jobs) and non-technology-specific jobs (8,000). g About 225,400 jobs in sugarcane processing and 168,000 in ethanol processing in 2016; also includes a rough estimate of 200,000 indirect jobs in equipment manufacturing in 2016, and 202,000 jobs in biodiesel in 2017. h Includes 237,000 jobs in ethanol and about 62,200 jobs in biodiesel in 2017. I Based on employment factor calculations for biomass power and combined heat and power (CHP). j Combines small- and large-scale hydropower. k All EU data are from 2016 and include Germany. l EU hydropower data combine small- and large-scale facilities; hence the regional total with large-scale hydropower is the same as the total without it. Figure is derived from EurObserv’ER data, adjusted with national data for Germany, the UK and Austria, as well as IRENA calculations. "]
[null,"Source","IRENA"]

{"sheet":"Data 9","index":13,"n_rows":21,"n_cols":10,"rows_kept":21,"merged":[[2,1,3,1],[2,2,3,2],[2,3,3,3],[2,4,3,4],[2,5,3,5],[2,6,3,6],[2,7,3,7],[2,8,2,9],[4,2,4,9]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 9: Jobs in Renewable Energy"]
[]
[null,null,"World","China","Brazil","United States","India","Japan","European Unionk"]
[{"$nulls":8},"Germany","Rest of EU"]
[]
[null,"Solar PV",3.365,2.216,10,233,164,272,36,64]
[null,"Liquid biofuels",1.931,51,"795g","299h",35,3,24,176]
[null,"Wind power",1.148,510,34,106,61,5,160,4]
[null,"Solar heating/ cooling",807,670,42,13,17,"0.7","8.9",25]
[null,"Solid biomassa,b",780,180,null,"80i",58,null,41,348]
[null,"Biogas",344,145,null,7,85,null,41,30]
[null,"Hydropower (small-scale)c",290,95,12,"9.3",12,null,"7.3j",67]
[null,"Geothermal energya,d",93,"1.5",null,35,null,2,"6.5",19]
[null,"CSP",34,11,null,"5.2",null,null,"0.6",5]
[null,"TOTAL","8,829f",3.88,893,786,432,283,332,936]
[null,"Hydropower (large-scale)e","1,514k",312,184,26,289,20,"7.3j",67]
[null,"Total (including large-scale hydropower)",10.343,4.192,1.076,812,721,303,"332j",936]
[]
[null,"Note: Jobs estimates generally derive from 2016 or 2017 data, although some data are from earlier years. Estimates result from a review of primary sources such as national ministries and statistical agencies, as well as secondary sources such as regional and global studies. Totals for individual countries/regions may not add up due to rounding."]
[null,"a Power and heat applications. b Traditional biomass is not included. c Although 10 MW is often used as a threshold, definitions are inconsistent across countries. d Includes ground-based heat pumps for EU countries. e Large-scale hydropower includes direct jobs only, so the table underestimates employment for this technology relative to others. f Totals include waste (28,000 jobs), ocean energy (1,000 jobs) and non-technology-specific jobs (8,000). g About 225,400 jobs in sugarcane processing and 168,000 in ethanol processing in 2016; also includes a rough estimate of 200,000 indirect jobs in equipment manufacturing in 2016, and 202,000 jobs in biodiesel in 2017. h Includes 237,000 jobs in ethanol and about 62,200 jobs in biodiesel in 2017. I Based on employment factor calculations for biomass power and combined heat and power (CHP). j Combines small- and large-scale hydropower. k All EU data are from 2016 and include Germany. l EU hydropower data combine small- and large-scale facilities; hence the regional total with large-scale hydropower is the same as the total without it. Figure is derived from EurObserv’ER data, adjusted with national data for Germany, the UK and Austria, as well as IRENA calculations. "]
[null,"Source","IRENA"]

{"sheet":"Figure 9","index":14,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 10","index":15,"n_rows":21,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":21,"merged":[[2,2,2,4],[19,1,19,6]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 10: Number of Countries with Renewable Energy Regulatory Policies, by Sector, 2004-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Number of Countries"]
[null,"Year","Countries with Power Regulations","Countries with Transport Regulations","Countries with Heating and Cooling Regulations"]
[null,2004,41,9,3]
[null,2005,44,10,4]
[null,2006,48,20,6]
[null,2007,51,20,8]
[null,2008,57,23,11]
[null,2009,69,27,11]
[null,2010,81,41,16]
[null,2011,92,49,18]
[null,2012,100,56,22]
[null,2013,102,63,23]
[null,2014,117,64,23]
[null,2015,118,66,23]
[null,2016,126,68,23]
[null,2017,128,70,24]
[]
[null,"Note: Figure does not show all policy types in use. In many cases countries have enacted additional fiscal incentives or public finance mechanisms to support renewable energy. Heating and cooling policies do not include renewable heat FITs (i.e., in the United Kingdom). Countries are considered to have policies when at least one national or state/provincial-level policy is in place. A country is counted a single time if it has one or more national and/or state/provincial-level policies. For more information see Table 3."]
[null,"Source","REN21 Policy Database"]

{"sheet":"Figure 10","index":16,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 11","index":17,"n_rows":214,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":214,"merged":[[2,1,2,3],[2,5,2,8],[2,10,2,12]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 11: National Sector-Specific Targets for Share of Renewable Energy, by a Specific Year, by Sector, in Place at End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Renewable Heating and Cooling Targets ",{"$nulls":3},"Renewable Transport Targets",{"$nulls":4},"Renewable Power Targets"]
[null,"Country","Target %","Target year",null,"Country","Target %","Target year","Other",null,"Country","Target %","Target year"]
[null,"Austria",32.6,2020,null,"Albania",10,2020,null,null,"Afghanistan",100,2050]
[null,"Belgium",11.9,2020,null,"Austria",11.4,2020,null,null,"Algeria",27,2030]
[null,"Bhutan","Other",null,null,"Belgium",10,2020,null,null,"Antigua and Barbuda",15,2030]
[null,"Bulgaria",24,2020,null,"Bulgaria",11,2020,null,null,"Argentina",20,2025]
[null,"China","Other",null,null,"Croatia",10,2020,null,null,"Armenia",40,2025]
[null,"Croatia",19.6,2020,null,"Cyprus",10,2020,null,null,"Aruba",100,2020]
[null,"Cyprus",23.5,2020,null,"Czech Republic",10.8,2020,null,null,"Australia",23,2020]
[null,"Czech Republic",14.1,2020,null,"Denmark",10,2020,null,null,"Austria",70.6,2020]
[null,"Denmark",39.8,2020,null,"Estonia",10,2020,null,null,"Azerbaijan",20,2020]
[null,"Estonia",38,2020,null,"Finland",40,2030,null,null,"Bahamas, The",30,2030]
[null,"Finland",47,2020,null,"France",15,2020,null,null,"Bahrain",5,2030]
[null,"France",38,2020,null,"Germany",20,2020,null,null,"Bangladesh",10,2020]
[null,"Germany",14,2020,null,"Greece",10.1,2020,null,null,"Bangladesh",100,2050]
[null,"Greece",20,2020,null,"Hungary",10,2020,null,null,"Barbados",29,2029]
[null,"Hungary",18.9,2020,null,"Iceland",10,2020,null,null,"Barbados",65,2030]
[null,"India","Other",null,null,"Ireland",10,2020,null,null,"Barbados",100,2050]
[null,"Ireland",15,2020,null,"Italy",10.1,2020,null,null,"Belgium",20.9,2020]
[null,"Italy",17.1,2020,null,"Latvia",10,2020,null,null,"Belize",85,2017]
[null,"Kosovo1",45.65,2020,null,"Liberia",5,2030,null,null,"Bhutan",100,2050]
[null,"Latvia",53.4,2020,null,"Lithuania",10,2020,null,null,"Bolivia",79,2030]
[null,"Lebanon","Other",null,null,"Luxembourg",10,2020,null,null,"Brazil",23,2030]
[null,"Libya","Other",null,null,"Malta",10.7,2020,null,null,"Brunei Darussalam",10,2035]
[null,"Lithuania",39,2020,null,"Macedonia, FYR",2,2020,null,null,"Bulgaria",20.6,2020]
[null,"Luxembourg",8.5,2020,null,"Moldova",20,2020,null,null,"Burkina Faso",100,2050]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR",11,2020,null,"Montenegro",10.2,2020,null,null,"Cabo Verde",100,2020]
[null,"Malawi","Other",null,null,"Netherlands",10,2020,null,null,"Cambodia",25,2035]
[null,"Malta",6.2,2020,null,"Norway",20,2020,null,null,"Cambodia",100,2050]
[null,"Mexico","Other",null,null,"Poland",20,2020,null,null,"Cameroon",25,2035]
[null,"Moldova",27,2020,null,"Portugal",10,2020,null,null,"Chile",20,2025]
[null,"Montenegro",38.2,2020,null,"Qatar",10,2020,null,null,"Colombia",100,2050]
[null,"Morocco","Other",null,null,"Romania",10,2020,null,null,"Comoros",43,2030]
[null,"Mozambique","Other",null,null,"Serbia",10,2020,null,null,"Comoros",100,2050]
[null,"Netherlands",8.7,2020,null,"Slovakia",10,2020,null,null,"Congo, Republic of",85,2025]
[null,"Poland",17,2020,null,"Slovenia",10.5,2020,null,null,"Costa Rica",100,2030]
[null,"Portugal",30.6,2020,null,"Spain",11.3,2020,null,null,"Côte d’Ivoire",42,2020]
[null,"Romania",22,2020,null,"Sri Lanka",20,2020,null,null,"Croatia",39,2020]
[null,"Serbia",30,2020,null,"Sweden",null,null,"Other",null,"Cuba",24,2030]
[null,"Sierra Leone",2,2020,null,"Thailand",null,null,"Other",null,"Cyprus",16,2020]
[null,"Sierra Leone",5,2030,null,"Uganda",null,null,"Other",null,"Czech Republic",14.3,2020]
[null,"Sierra Leone",1,2030,null,"Ukraine",10,2020,null,null,"Democratic Republic of the Congo",100,2050]
[null,"Slovakia",14.6,2020,null,"United Kingdom",10.3,2020,null,null,"Denmark",100,2020]
[null,"Slovenia",30.8,2020,null,"Vietnam",5,2025,null,null,"Denmark",35,2050]
[null,"Spain",18.9,2020,{"$nulls":6},"Djibouti",35,2035]
[null,"Spain","Other",{"$nulls":7},"Dominica",100]
[null,"Sweden",62.1,2020,{"$nulls":6},"Dominican Republic",25,2025]
[null,"Thailand","Other",{"$nulls":7},"Dominican Republic",100,2050]
[null,"Uganda","Other",{"$nulls":7},"Ecuador",90,2017]
[null,"Ukraine",12.4,2020,{"$nulls":6},"Egypt",20,2022]
[null,"United Kingdom",12,2020,{"$nulls":6},"Eritrea",70,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Eritrea",50]
[{"$nulls":10},"Estonia",17.6,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ethiopia",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Fiji",100,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Finland",33,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"France",40,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"France",27,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Gabon",80,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Gabon",70,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Gambia",35,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Gambia",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Germany",45,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Germany",60,2035]
[{"$nulls":10},"Germany",80,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ghana",10,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ghana",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Greece",40,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Grenada",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Guatemala",80,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Guatemala",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Guinea-Bissau",2,2015]
[{"$nulls":10},"Guyana",90]
[{"$nulls":10},"Haiti",47,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Haiti",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Honduras",60,2022]
[{"$nulls":10},"Honduras",80,2038]
[{"$nulls":10},"Honduras",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Hungary",10.9,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"India",40,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Indonesia",26,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Iraq",10,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ireland",42.5,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Israel",17,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Israel",10,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Italy",26,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Jamaica",20,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Japan",24,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Jordan",15,2015]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kazakhstan",3,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kazakhstan",50,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kenya",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Korea, Republic of",5,2018]
[{"$nulls":10},"Korea, Republic of",6,2019]
[{"$nulls":10},"Korea, Republic of",7,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Korea, Republic of",20,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kiribati",3,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kiribati",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Kuwait",10]
[{"$nulls":10},"Latvia",60,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Lebanon",12,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Lebanon",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Liberia",30,2021]
[{"$nulls":10},"Libya",7,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Libya",10,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Lithuania",21,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Luxembourg",11.8,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Macedonia",24.7,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Madagascar",79,"no date"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Madagascar",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Malaysia",9,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Malaysia",11,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Malaysia",15,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Malawi",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Maldives",16,2017]
[{"$nulls":10},"Maldives",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mali",10,2015]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mali",25,2033]
[{"$nulls":10},"Malta",3.8,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Marshall Islands",20,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Marshall Islands",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mauritius",35,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mexico",35,2024]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mexico",37.7,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mexico",50,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Moldova",10,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Montenegro",51.4,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mongolia",100,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mongolia",30,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mongolia",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Morocco",52,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Morocco",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Namibia",70,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nepal",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Netherlands",37,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"New Zealand",90,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nicaragua",90,2027]
[{"$nulls":10},"Niger",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nigeria",10,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Palau",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"State of Palestine",10,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"State of Palestine",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Papua New Guinea",100,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Paraguay",null,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Peru",60,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Philippines",40,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Philippines",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Poland",19.3,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Portugal",60,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Qatar",20,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Qatar",null,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Romania",43,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Russian Federation",4.5,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Rwanda",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Samoa",100,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"São Tomé and Príncipe",47]
[{"$nulls":10},"Serbia",37,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Senegal",20,2017]
[{"$nulls":10},"Senegal",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Seychelles",5,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Seychelles",15,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sierra Leone",33,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sierra Leone",36,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Singapore",8]
[{"$nulls":10},"Slovakia",24,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Slovenia",39.3,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Solomon Islands",100,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"South Africa",9,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"South Sudan",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Spain",38.1,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sri Lanka",20,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sri Lanka",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"St. Lucia",35,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"St. Lucia",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"St. Vincent and the Grenadines",60,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sudan",20,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sudan",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sweden",62.9,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tajikistan",10]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tanzania",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Thailand",20,2036]
[{"$nulls":10},"Timor-Leste",50,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Timor-Leste",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Togo",15,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tonga",50,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tunisia",30,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tunisia",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Turkey",30,2023]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tuvalu",100,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Uganda",61,2017]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ukraine",11,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ukraine",20,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ukraine",25,2035]
[{"$nulls":10},"Uzbekistan",19.7,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Vanuatu",100,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Vietnam",7,2020]
[{"$nulls":10},"Vietnam",10,2030]
[{"$nulls":10},"Vietnam",100,2050]
[{"$nulls":10},"Yemen",15,2025]
[{"$nulls":10},"Yemen",100,2050]
[]
["Sources","Renewable Heating and Cooling Targets"]
[null,"Note: See Table R5 for details. Targets refer to share of renewable heating and cooling in total energy supply unless otherwise noted. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2016. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable heat for the country. Table R23 includes targets established under EU National Renewable Energy Action Plans. Because heating and cooling targets are shares are not standardised across countries, the table presents a variety of targets for the purpose of general comparison."]
[null,"Table R5 from REN21 database compiled from all available policy references plus submissions from report contributors. EU targets and shares from EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2016), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net. Targets for the EU-28 and Energy Community countries were set in each country’s National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP). Certain NREAP targets have been revised subsequently. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]
[{"$nulls":10}," "]
[null,"Renewable Transport Targets"]
[null,"Note: See Table R6 for details. Targets refer to share of renewable transport in total energy supply unless otherwise noted. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2017  A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable energy for the country. "]
[null,"Table R6 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2016), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]
[]
[null,"Renewable Power Targets"]
[null,"Note: See Table R8 for details. Unless otherwise noted, all targets and corresponding shares represent all renewables including hydropower. A number of state/provincial and local jurisdictions have additional targets not listed here. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2016. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable electricity for the country. Some countries shown have other types of targets (see Tables R12-R22). See Policy Landscape chapter for more information about sub-national targets. Existing shares are indicative and may need adjusting if more accurate national statistics are published. Sources for reported data often do not specify the accounting method used; therefore, shares of electricity are likely to include a mixture of different accounting methods and thus are not directly comparable or consistent across countries. Where shares sourced from EUROSTAT differed from those provided to REN21 by country contributors, the former was given preference."]
[null,"Table R8 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2018), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares; IEA statistics based on data from OECD/IEA, Electricity Information 2016, www.iea.org/statistics, as modified by REN21. Targets for the EU-28 were set in each country's National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP), available at http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans; certain NREAP targets have been revised subsequently. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"Figure 11","index":18,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 12","index":19,"n_rows":89,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":89,"merged":[[7,1,11,1],[7,2,11,2],[25,1,26,1],[29,1,30,1],[31,1,32,1],[34,1,37,1],[46,1,48,1],[68,1,69,1],[68,2,69,2],[76,1,77,1],[76,2,77,2],[82,1,83,1],[82,2,83,2]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 12: National Targets for Share of Renewable Energy in Final Energy, by a Specific Year, in Place at End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Country","Target","Target %","Target year"]
[null,"EU-28","20% by 2020",20,2020]
[null,"Afghanistan","10% (no date given)",10]
[null,"Albania","38% by 2020",38,2020]
[null,"Algeria","37% by 2030",37,2030]
[null,"Argentina","8% by 2018\n12% by 2019\n16% by 2021\n18% by 2023\n20% by 2025",8,2018]
[{"$nulls":3},12,2019]
[{"$nulls":3},16,2021]
[{"$nulls":3},18,2023]
[{"$nulls":3},20,2025]
[null,"Austria","45% by 2020",45,2020]
[null,"Bangladesh","10% by 2020",10,2020]
[null,"Belarus","32% by 2020",32,2020]
[null,"Belgium","13% by 2020",13,2020]
[null,"Belgium","20% by 2020",20,2020]
[null,"Benin","25% by 2025",25,2025]
[null,"Bosnia and Herzegovina","40% by 2020",40,2020]
[null,"Brazil","45% by 2030",45,2030]
[null,"Bulgaria","16% by 2020",16,2020]
[null,"Burundi","2.1% by 2020",2.1,2020]
[null,"Croatia","20% by 2020",20,2020]
[null,"Cyprus","13% by 2020",13,2020]
[null,"Czech Republic","13.5% by 2020",13.5,2020]
[null,"Denmark","35% by 2020",35,2020]
[null,null,"100% by 2050",100,2050]
[null,"Estonia","25% by 2020",25,2020]
[null,"Fiji","23% by 2030",23,2030]
[null,"Finland","38% by 2020",38,2020]
[null,null,"40% by 2025",40,2025]
[null,"France","23% by 2020",23,2020]
[null,null,"32% by 2030",32,2030]
[null,"Gabon","80% by 2020",80,2020]
[null,"Germany","18% by 2020",18,2020]
[null,null,"30% by 2030",30,2030]
[null,null,"45% by 2040",45,2040]
[null,null,"60% by 2050",60,2050]
[null,"Ghana","Increase by 10% by 2030 (base year 2010)",10,2030]
[null,"Greece","20% by 2020",20,2020]
[null,"Guatemala","80% by 2026",80,2026]
[null,"Guinea","30% by 2030",30,2030]
[null,"Guyana","20% by 2025",20,2025]
[null,"Hungary","14.65% by 2020",14.65,2020]
[null,"Iceland","64% by 2020",64,2020]
[null,"Ireland","16% by 2020",16,2020]
[null,"Israel","13% by 2025",13,2025]
[null,null,"17% by 2030",17,2030]
[null,null,"[10% by 2020]",10,2020]
[null,"Italy","17% by 2020",17,2020]
[null,"Jamaica","20% by 2030",20,2030]
[null,"Jordan","11% by 2025",11,2025]
[null,"Kosovo","25% by 2020",25,2020]
[null,"Lao PDR","30% by 2025",30,2025]
[null,"Latvia","40% by 2020",40,2020]
[null,"Lebanon","15% by 2030 \n[12% by 2020]",15,2030]
[null,"Liberia","10% by 2030",10,2030]
[null,"Lithuania","23% by 2020",23,2020]
[null,"Luxembourg","11% by 2020",11,2020]
[null,"Macedonia","28% by 2020",28,2020]
[null,"Madagascar","54% by 2020",54,2020]
[null,"Malta","10% by 2020",10,2020]
[null,"Moldova","17% by 2020",17,2020]
[null,"Montenegro","33% by 2020",33,2020]
[null,"Netherlands","14% by 2020",14,2020]
[null,"Norway","67.5% by 2020",67.5,2020]
[null,"State of Palestine","25% by 2020",25,2020]
[null,"Poland","15.5% by 2020",15.5,2020]
[null,"Portugal","40% by 2030 \n31% by 2020",31,2020]
[{"$nulls":3},40,2030]
[null,"Romania","24% by 2020",24,2020]
[null,"Serbia","27% by 2020",27,2020]
[null,"Slovakia","14% by 2020",14,2020]
[null,"Slovenia","25% by 2020",25,2020]
[null,"Spain","20.8% by 2020",20.8,2020]
[null,"Sweden","50% by 2020",50,2020]
[null,"Thailand","30% by 2036 \n25% by 2021",30,2036]
[{"$nulls":3},25,2021]
[null,"Togo","4% (no date)",4]
[null,"Ukraine","11% by 2020",11,2020]
[null,"United Arab Emirates","24% by 2021",24,2021]
[null,"United Kingdom","15% by 2020",15,2020]
[null,"Uzbekistan","16% by 2030                                  19% by 2050",16,2030]
[{"$nulls":3},19,2050]
[null,"Vanuatu","65% by 2020",65,2020]
[]
[null,"Note: Actual percentages are rounded to the nearest whole decimal for numbers over 10% except where associated targets are expressed differently. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2016. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable energy for the country. Some countries shown have other types of targets (see Tables R16, R17, R18 and R19)."]
[null,"Note: See Table R3 for details."]
[null,"Source","Table R3 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2017), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"Figure 12","index":20,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 13","index":21,"n_rows":203,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":203}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 13: Countries with Energy Efficiency Policies and Targets, End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Country","EE target in 2017 Yes (1)/No (0)","EE policy in 2017 Yes (1)/No (0)"]
[null,"Afghanistan",1,1]
[null,"Albania",1,1]
[null,"Algeria",1,1]
[null,"Andorra"]
[null,"Angola",1,0]
[null,"Antigua and Barbuda",null,1]
[null,"Argentina",1,1]
[null,"Armenia",null,1]
[null,"Australia",1,1]
[null,"Austria",1,1]
[null,"Azerbaijan",1,0]
[null,"Bahamas",1,0]
[null,"Bahrain",null,1]
[null,"Bangladesh",1]
[null,"Barbados",1]
[null,"Belarus",1,1]
[null,"Belgium",1,1]
[null,"Belize",1,0]
[null,"Benin",1,1]
[null,"Bhutan",null,1]
[null,"Bolivia",1,1]
[null,"Bosnia & Herzegovina",1,1]
[null,"Botswana",1,1]
[null,"Brazil",1,1]
[null,"Brunei Darussalam",1,1]
[null,"Bulgaria",null,1]
[null,"Burkina Faso",1,1]
[null,"Burundi",1,0]
[null,"Cabo Verde",1,1]
[null,"Cambodia",1,1]
[null,"Cameroon",1,1]
[null,"Canada",1,1]
[null,"Central African Republic",null,0]
[null,"Chad",null,0]
[null,"Chile",null,1]
[null,"China",1,1]
[null,"Colombia",1,1]
[null,"Comoros",1,0]
[null,"Congo Republic",null,0]
[null,"Cook Islands (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Costa Rica (not on REN21 list)",1,1]
[null,"Cote d'Ivoire (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Croatia",1,1]
[null,"Cuba",0,0]
[null,"Cyprus",1,1]
[null,"Czech Republic",1,1]
[null,"Democratic Republic Congo",1,0]
[null,"Denmark",1,1]
[null,"Djibouti",1,0]
[null,"Dominica",0,0]
[null,"Dominican Republic",0,0]
[null,"Ecuador",1,1]
[null,"Egypt",1,1]
[null,"El Salvador",1,0]
[null,"Equatorial Guinea (not on REN21 list)",1,1]
[null,"Eritrea",null,0]
[null,"Estonia",1,1]
[null,"Ethiopia",1,1]
[null,"Fiji",null,1]
[null,"Finland",1,1]
[null,"France",1,1]
[null,"Gabon",0,0]
[null,"The Gambia",1,1]
[null,"Georgia",1,1]
[null,"Germany",1,1]
[null,"Ghana",1,1]
[null,"Greece",1,1]
[null,"Grenada (not on REN21 list)",1,0]
[null,"Guatemala",1,0]
[null,"Guinea (Not on REN21 list)",1,0]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau",1,1]
[null,"Guyana (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Haiti",0,0]
[null,"Honduras",1,1]
[null,"Hungary",1,1]
[null,"Iceland",1,1]
[null,"India",1,1]
[null,"Indonesia",1,1]
[null,"Iran",1,1]
[null,"Iraq",1,1]
[null,"Ireland",1,1]
[null,"Israel",1,1]
[null,"Italy",1,1]
[null,"Jamaica",1,1]
[null,"Japan",1,1]
[null,"Jordan",1,1]
[null,"Kazakhstan",1,1]
[null,"Kenya",1,1]
[null,"Kiribati",1,1]
[null,"Korea",1,1]
[null,"Korea Democratic People's Republic (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Kosovo",1,1]
[null,"Kuwait",1,0]
[null,"Kyrgyzstan",null,1]
[null,"Laos",1,1]
[null,"Latvia",1,1]
[null,"Lebanon",1,1]
[null,"Lesotho",1,1]
[null,"Liberia",1,1]
[null,"Libya",0,0]
[null,"Liechtenstein (not on REN21)",0,1]
[null,"Lithuania",1,1]
[null,"Luxembourg",1,1]
[null,"Macedonia",1,1]
[null,"Madagascar",1,0]
[null,"Malawi",1,0]
[null,"Malaysia",1,1]
[null,"Maldives",null,1]
[null,"Mali",1,1]
[null,"Malta",1,1]
[null,"Marshall Islands",1,1]
[null,"Mauritania (not on REN21)",0,0]
[null,"Mauritius",1,1]
[null,"Mexico",1,1]
[null,"Micronesia (not on REN21 list)",1,1]
[null,"Moldova",1,1]
[null,"Monaco",1]
[null,"Mongolia",0,1]
[null,"Montenegro",1,1]
[null,"Morocco",1,1]
[null,"Mozambique",1,0]
[null,"Myanmar",1,0]
[null,"Namibia",1,1]
[null,"Nauru (not on REN21 list)",1,1]
[null,"Nepal (not on REN21 list)",1,0]
[null,"Netherlands",1,1]
[null,"New Zealand",1,1]
[null,"Nicaragua",1,1]
[null,"Niger",1,1]
[null,"Nigeria",1,1]
[null,"Niue (not on REN21)",0,0]
[null,"North Sudan",1,0]
[null,"Norway",1,1]
[null,"Oman",0,0]
[null,"Pakistan",1,1]
[null,"Palau",1,1]
[null,"Palestinian Territories",1,1]
[null,"Panama",1,1]
[null,"Papua New Guinea (not on REN21 list)",1,0]
[null,"Paraguay",1,0]
[null,"Peru",1,1]
[null,"Philippines",1,1]
[null,"Poland",1,1]
[null,"Portugal",1,1]
[null,"Qatar",1,1]
[null,"Romania",1,1]
[null,"Russia",1,1]
[null,"Rwanda",1,1]
[null,"Samoa",1,1]
[null,"San Marino (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Sao Tome and Principe (not on REN21 list)",0,0]
[null,"Saudi Arabia",null,1]
[null,"Senegal",1,1]
[null,"Serbia",1,1]
[null,"Seychelles",1,1]
[null,"Sierra Leone",1,1]
[null,"Singapore",1,1]
[null,"Slovakia",1,1]
[null,"Slovenia",1,1]
[null,"Solomon Islands (not on REN21 list)",1,1]
[null,"Somalia",1]
[null,"South Africa",1,1]
[null,"South Sudan",1,0]
[null,"Spain",1,1]
[null,"Sri Lanka",1,1]
[null,"St. Kitts and Nevis",1,0]
[null,"St. Lucia (not on REN21 list)",0,1]
[null,"St. Vincent and the Grenadines",1,1]
[null,"Suriname",0,0]
[null,"Swaziland",1,1]
[null,"Sweden",1,1]
[null,"Switzerland",1,1]
[null,"Syria",1,1]
[null,"Taipei/Taiwan",0,0]
[null,"Tajikistan",1,1]
[null,"Tanzania",1,1]
[null,"Thailand",1,1]
[null,"Timor-Leste",0,0]
[null,"Togo",1,1]
[null,"Tonga"]
[null,"Trinidad and Tobago",1,1]
[null,"Tunisia",1,1]
[null,"Turkey",null,1]
[null,"Turkmenistan",null,0]
[null,"Tuvalu (not on REN21 list)",0,1]
[null,"Uganda",1,1]
[null,"Ukraine",1,1]
[null,"United Arab Emirates",1,1]
[null,"United Kingdom",1,1]
[null,"United States of America",1,1]
[null,"Uruguay",1,1]
[null,"Uzbekistan",1,1]
[null,"Vanuatu (not on REN21 list)",1,0]
[null,"Venezuela",1,1]
[null,"Vietnam",1,1]
[null,"Yemen",null,1]
[null,"Zambia",1,1]
[null,"Zimbabwe",1,1]
[]
[null,"Source","REN21 Policy Database"]

{"sheet":"Figure 13","index":22,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 14","index":23,"n_rows":64,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":64}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 14: National and Sub-national Renewable Transport Mandates, End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Country","Existing biodiesel blend mandate (% biodiesel)","Existing ethanol blend mandate (% ethanol)","Advanced biofuel mandate","Other transport mandate","Ban sale of all diesel and petrol cars and vans by 2040"]
[null,"Angola",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Argentina",{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"},{"v":0.12,"d":"12.0%"}]
[null,"Australia"]
[null,"New South Wales",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.07,"d":"7.0%"}]
[null,"Queensland",{"v":0.005,"d":"0.5%"},{"v":0.03,"d":"3.0%"}]
[null,"Belgium",{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"},{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.08,"d":"8.0%"},{"v":0.275,"d":"27.5%"}]
[null,"Canada",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Alberta",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"British Columbia",{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Manitoba",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.085,"d":"8.5%"}]
[null,"Ontario",{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Saskatchewan",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.075,"d":"7.5%"}]
[null,"China1",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Taipei",{"v":0.01,"d":"1.0%"}]
[null,"Colombia",{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"},{"v":0.08,"d":"8.0%"}]
[null,"Costa Rica",{"v":0.2,"d":"20.0%"},{"v":0.07,"d":"7.0%"}]
[null,"Denmark",null,null,"Y"]
[null,"Ecuador",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Ethiopia",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"France",{"$nulls":4},"Y"]
[null,"Great Britain",{"$nulls":4},"Y"]
[null,"Guatemala",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"India",{"v":0.15,"d":"15.0%"},{"v":0.225,"d":"22.5%"}]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.2,"d":"20.0%"},{"v":0.03,"d":"3.0%"}]
[null,"Italy",null,null,"Y"]
[null,"Jamaica",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Korea, Republic of",{"v":0.025,"d":"2.5%"}]
[null,"Malawi",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Malaysia",{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Mexico2",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Mozambique",null,{"v":0.15,"d":"15.0%"}]
[null,"New Zealand",{"v":0.07,"d":"7.0%"},null,null,"Y"]
[null,"Norway",{"v":0.035,"d":"3.5%"}]
[null,"Panama",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"},null,"Y"]
[null,"Paraguay",{"v":0.01,"d":"1.0%"},{"v":0.25,"d":"25.0%"}]
[null,"Peru",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.078,"d":"7.8%"}]
[null,"Philippines",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Romania",null,{"v":0.08,"d":"8.0%"}]
[null,"Scotland",{"$nulls":4},"Y"]
[null,"Slovenia",{"$nulls":3},"Y"]
[null,"South Africa",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,"Sudan",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":0.07,"d":"7.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Turkey",null,{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,"Ukraine",null,{"v":0.07,"d":"7.0%"}]
[null,"United States",{"$nulls":3},"Y"]
[null,"Louisiana",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,"Massachusetts",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Minnesota",{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Hawaii, Missouri and Montana",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"New Mexico",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Oregon",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[null,"Pennsylvania"]
[null,"Washington",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,"Uruguay",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Vietnam",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Zimbabwe",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[]
[null,"Note: See Table R7 for details."]
[null,"Source","Table R7 from IRENA and from Jim Lane, “Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2018”, Biofuels Digest, 1 January 2018, http://www.biofuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2018/01/01/biofuels-mandates-around-the-world-2018/."]

{"sheet":"Figure 14","index":24,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 15","index":25,"n_rows":213,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":213,"merged":[[34,1,35,1],[200,1,200,6]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 15: Targets for Renewable Power and/or Electric Vehicles, End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Country (state/province in italics where applicable)","National renewable electricity target","National electric vehicle targets"]
[null,"Afghanistan","Y"," "]
[null,"Algeria","Y"," "]
[null,"Antigua and Barbuda","Y"," "]
[null,"Argentina","Y"," "]
[null,"Armenia","Y"," "]
[null,"Aruba","Y"," "]
[null,"Australia","Y"," "]
[null,"South Australia","Y"," "]
[null,"Tasmania","Y"," "]
[null,"Victoria","Y"," "]
[null,"Austria","Y","Y"]
[null,"Azerbaijan","Y"," "]
[null,"Bahamas, The","Y"," "]
[null,"Bahrain","Y"," "]
[null,"Bangladesh","Y"," "]
[null,"Barbados","Y"," "]
[null,"Belgium","Y","Y"]
[null,"Belize","Y"," "]
[null,"Bhutan","Y","Y"]
[null,"Bolivia","Y"," "]
[null,"Brazil","Y"," "]
[null,"Brunei Darussalam","Y"," "]
[null,"Bulgaria","Y","Y"]
[null,"Burkina Faso","Y"," "]
[null,"Cabo Verde","Y","Y"]
[null,"Cambodia","Y"," "]
[null,"Cameroon","Y"," "]
[null,"Canada"," ","Y"]
[null,"Alberta","Y"," "]
[null,"British Columbia","Y","Y"]
[null,"New Brunswick","Y"," "]
[null,"Nova Scotia","Y"," "]
[null,null,"Y"," "]
[null,"Saskatchewan","Y"," "]
[null,"Chile","Y","Y"]
[null,"China","Y","Y"]
[null,"Taipei","Y"," "]
[null,"Colombia","Y"," "]
[null,"Comoros","Y"," "]
[null,"Congo, Republic of","Y"," "]
[null,"Costa Rica","Y"," "]
[null,"Côte d’Ivoire","Y"," "]
[null,"Croatia","Y"," "]
[null,"Cuba","Y"," "]
[null,"Cyprus","Y","Y"]
[null,"Czech Republic","Y","Y"]
[null,"Democratic Republic of the Congo","Y"," "]
[null,"Denmark","Y","Y"]
[null,"Djibouti","Y"," "]
[null,"Dominica","Y"," "]
[null,"Dominican Republic","Y"," "]
[null,"Ecuador","Y"," "]
[null,"Egypt","Y"," "]
[null,"Eritrea","Y"," "]
[null,"Estonia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Ethiopia","Y"," "]
[null,"Fiji","Y"," "]
[null,"Finland","Y","Y"]
[null,"France","Y","Y"]
[null,"Gabon","Y"," "]
[null,"Gambia","Y"," "]
[null,"Germany","YY","Y"]
[null,"Ghana","Y"," "]
[null,"Greece","Y","Y"]
[null,"Grenada","Y"," "]
[null,"Guatemala","Y"," "]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau","Y"," "]
[null,"Guyana","Y"," "]
[null,"Haiti","Y"," "]
[null,"Honduras","Y"," "]
[null,"Hungary","Y","Y"]
[null,"India","Y","Y"]
[null,"Indonesia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Iraq","Y"," "]
[null,"Ireland","Y","Y"]
[null,"Israel","Y"," "]
[null,"Italy","Y","Y"]
[null,"Jamaica","Y"," "]
[null,"Japan","Y","Y"]
[null,"Jordan","Y"," "]
[null,"Kazakhstan","Y"," "]
[null,"Kenya","Y"," "]
[null,"Korea, Republic of","Y","Y"]
[null,"Kiribati","Y"," "]
[null,"Kuwait","Y"," "]
[null,"Latvia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Lebanon","Y"," "]
[null,"Liberia","Y"," "]
[null,"Libya","Y"," "]
[null,"Lithuania","Y","Y"]
[null,"Luxembourg","Y","Y"]
[null,"Macedonia","Y"," "]
[null,"Madagascar","Y"," "]
[null,"Malaysia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Malawi","Y"," "]
[null,"Maldives","Y"," "]
[null,"Mali","Y","Y"]
[null,"Malta","Y","Y"]
[null,"Marshall Islands","Y"," "]
[null,"Mauritius","Y"," "]
[null,"Mexico","Y"," "]
[null,"Moldova","Y"," "]
[null,"Montenegro","Y"," "]
[null,"Mongolia","Y"," "]
[null,"Morocco","Y"," "]
[null,"Namibia","Y"," "]
[null,"Nepal","Y"," "]
[null,"Netherlands","Y","Y"]
[null,"New Zealand","Y","Y"]
[null,"Cook Islands","Y"," "]
[null,"Niue","Y"," "]
[null,"Tokelau","Y"," "]
[null,"Nicaragua","Y"," "]
[null,"Niger","Y"," "]
[null,"Nigeria","Y"," "]
[null,"Norway"," ","Y"]
[null,"Palau","Y"," "]
[null,"State of Palestine","Y"," "]
[null,"Papua New Guinea","Y"," "]
[null,"Paraguay","Y"," "]
[null,"Peru","Y"," "]
[null,"Philippines","Y","Y"]
[null,"Poland","Y","Y"]
[null,"Portugal","Y","Y"]
[null,"Qatar","Y"," "]
[null,"Romania","Y","Y"]
[null,"Russian Federation","Y"," "]
[null,"Altai Republic","Y"," "]
[null,"Rwanda","Y"," "]
[null,"Samoa","Y"," "]
[null,"São Tomé and Príncipe","Y"," "]
[null,"Serbia","Y"," "]
[null,"Senegal","Y"," "]
[null,"Seychelles","Y"," "]
[null,"Sierra Leone","Y"," "]
[null,"Singapore","Y"," "]
[null,"Slovakia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Slovenia","Y","Y"]
[null,"Solomon Islands","Y"," "]
[null,"South Africa","Y","Y"]
[null,"South Sudan","Y"," "]
[null,"Spain","Y","Y"]
[null,"Sri Lanka","Y","Y"]
[null,"St. Lucia","Y"," "]
[null,"St. Vincent and the Grenadines","Y"," "]
[null,"Sudan","Y"," "]
[null,"Sweden","Y","Y"]
[null,"Tajikistan","Y"," "]
[null,"Tanzania","Y"," "]
[null,"Thailand","Y","Y"]
[null,"Timor-Leste","Y"," "]
[null,"Togo","Y"," "]
[null,"Tonga","Y"," "]
[null,"Tunisia","Y"," "]
[null,"Turkey","Y"," "]
[null,"Tuvalu","Y"," "]
[null,"Uganda","Y"," "]
[null,"Ukraine","Y"," "]
[null,"United Arab Emirates"," "," "]
[null,"Abu Dhabi","Y"," "]
[null,"Dubai","Y"," "]
[null,"United Kingdom"," ","Y"]
[null,"Scotland","Y","Y"]
[null,"United States"," "," "]
[null,"Arizona","Y"," "]
[null,"California","Y","Y"]
[null,"Colorado","Y"," "]
[null,"Connecticut","Y","Y"]
[null,"Delaware","Y"," "]
[null,"Hawaii","Y"," "]
[null,"Illinois","Y","Y"]
[null,"Maine","Y"," "]
[null,"Maryland","Y","Y"]
[null,"Massachusetts","Y","Y"]
[null,"Michigan","Y"," "]
[null,"Minnesota","Y"," "]
[null,"Missouri","Y"," "]
[null,"Nevada","Y"," "]
[null,"New Hampshire","Y"," "]
[null,"New Jersey","Y"," "]
[null,"New Mexico","Y"," "]
[null,"New York","Y","Y"]
[null,"North Carolina","Y"," "]
[null,"Ohio","Y"," "]
[null,"Oregon","Y","Y"]
[null,"Pennsylvania","Y"," "]
[null,"Rhode Island","Y","Y"]
[null,"Vermont","Y","Y"]
[null,"Washington","Y","Y"]
[null,"District of Columbia","Y"," "]
[null,"Puerto Rico","Y"," "]
[null,"U.S. Virgin Islands","Y"," "]
[null,"Uzbekistan","Y"," "]
[null,"Vanuatu","Y"," "]
[null,"Vietnam","Y","Y"]
[null,"Yemen","Y"," "]
[]
[null,"City Targets "]
[null,"Cities with EV target only, no renewable electricity target","Cities with both renewable electricity and EV targets"]
[null,"Karnataka","Jeju Self Governing Province, Republic of Korea"]
[null,"London","Los Angeles, California, United States"]
[null,"Beijing","New York, New York, United States"]
[null,"Oxford, UK","Portland, Oregon, United States"]
[null,"Quebec","San Francisco, California, United States"]
[null,"Oslo","Seattle, Washington, United States"]
[null,"Dubai","Shenzhen, China"]
[null,"Montreal","Vancouver, Canada"]
[null,"Seoul"]
[]
[null,"Source","REN21 Policy Database"]

{"sheet":"Figure 15","index":26,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Table 2","index":27,"n_rows":224,"n_cols":15,"rows_kept":224,"merged":[[11,2,12,2],[11,3,12,3],[11,4,11,10],[11,11,11,14],[13,1,13,14],[70,1,70,14],[180,1,180,14],[220,1,220,14]]}
["Table of Contents","Table Title","Table 2: Renewable Energy Support Policies"]
[]
["X – EXISTING NATIONAL (could also include sub-national)",{"$nulls":3},"Targets"]
["X* – EXISTING SUB-NATIONAL (but no national)",{"$nulls":3},"E – Energy (final or primary)"]
["N – NEW (one or more policies of this type)",{"$nulls":3},"P – Power"]
["R – REVISED (one or more policies of this type) ",{"$nulls":3},"HC – Heating or cooling"]
["O – Removed",{"$nulls":3},"T – Transport"]
["R* – REVISED SUB-NATIONAL "]
["H – TENDERS HELD IN 2017, AS IN PAST YEARS"]
["H* – SUB-NATIONAL TENDERS HELD IN 2017"]
[]
[null,"COUNTRY","Renewable energy targets","Renewable energy in INDC or NDC","REGULATORY POLICIES",{"$nulls":6},"FISCAL INCENTIVES AND PUBLIC FINANCING"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Feed-in tariff/ premium payment","Electric utility quota obligation/RPS","Net metering/billing","Transport obligation/mandate","Heat obligation/mandate","Tradable REC","Tendering","Investment or production tax credits","Reductions in sales, energy, CO2, VAT or other taxes","Energy production payment","Public investment, loans, grants, capital subsidies or rebates"]
[null,"HIGH INCOME COUNTRIES"]
[null,"Andorra",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Antigua and Barbuda","P"]
[null,"Australia","P","X","X*","X","X*","R*","X*","X","H*",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Austria","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,"X",null,null,"R6"]
[null,"Bahamas, The","P"]
[null,"Bahrain","P","X",null,null,"N",{"$nulls":7},"X"]
[null,"Barbados1","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Belgium","E, P, HC, T",null,null,"X*","X*","X",null,"X","X","X","X",null,"X*"]
[null,"Brunei Darussalam","P"]
[null,"Canada","P*","X","R*","X*","X*","X",null,null,"H*","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Chile","E, P","X",null,"X","X",null,null,"X","H","X6","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Cyprus","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"R","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Czech Republic","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,"X","X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Denmark","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"X","R",null,"X","X","X","X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Estonia","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X","X"]
[null,"Finland","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"France","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"R","X","X","H","X6","X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Germany","E, P, HC, T",null,"R",null,null,"X","X"," X","H","X","X",null,"R6"]
[null,"Greece","E, P, HC, T",null,"X"," X","R","X","X"," X","X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Hungary","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,null,"X6",null,"X",null,"R6"]
[null,"Iceland","E",{"$nulls":4},"X"]
[null,"Ireland","E, P, HC, T","X","X",null,null,"X","X*","X","X"]
[null,"Israel","E, P","X","X","X","X",null,"X",null,"H",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Italy","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"X","X","X",null,"X","X","X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Japan","E, P","X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X","H",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Korea, Republic of","E, R(P)",null,null,"X","X","X","X","X",null,"X","X","X","X6"]
[null,"Kuwait","P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Latvia","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"X","X",null,null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Liechtenstein",null,null,"X"]
[null,"Lithuania","E, P, HC, T",null,"X","X","R","X",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Luxembourg","E, P, HC, T",null,"R",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Malta","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Monaco"]
[null,"Netherlands","E, P, HC, T",null,"X6",null,"X","R",null,"X","H","X6",null,"X","X6"]
[null,"New Zealand","P","X",null,null,"X*","R",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Norway","E, T","X",null,"X",null,"R",null,"X","X",null,"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Oman",{"$nulls":8},"H"]
[null,"Palau","E, P","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Poland","E, P, HC, T",null,"X","X",null,"X",null,"X","H",null,"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Portugal2","E, P, HC, T",null,"X","X",null,"X","X"," X",null,null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Qatar","P, T","X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"San Marino",null,"X","X"]
[null,"Saudi Arabia","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"H"]
[null,"Seychelles","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":4},"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Singapore","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Slovak Republic","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Slovenia","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"X","N",null,"X","X","X","X",null,"R6"]
[null,"Spain3","E, P, HC, T",{"$nulls":4},"X","X","X","H","X",null,"X","X6"]
[null,"St. Kitts and Nevis"]
[null,"Sweden","E, P, HC, T",null,"X","X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Switzerland","R(E)",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X",null,null,"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Trinidad and Tobago","P","X",{"$nulls":7},"X","X"]
[null,"United Arab Emirates","E, P","X",null,"X*","X*",null,"X*",null,"X*",null,null,"X*","X*"]
[null,"United Kingdom","E, P, T, HC",null,"R6","X",null,"X",null,"X","H",null,"X","X","X6"]
[null,"United States4","R*",null,"N*","X*","R*","X","X*","X*","H*","X","X",null,"R6"]
[null,"Uruguay",null,"X",null,null,"X","X","X",null,"X",null,"X","X","X6"]
[null,"UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES"]
[null,"Albania","E, T",null,"X","X","N","X",null,"X","N","X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Algeria","E, P","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,null,"X","X"]
[null,"Argentina","E, P","X","X",null,"N","R",null,null,"H","X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Azerbaijan","P","X",{"$nulls":10},"X"]
[null,"Belarus","E",null,"X","X",{"$nulls":6},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Belize","P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Bosnia and Herzegovina","E","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X"]
[null,"Botswana",{"$nulls":8},"H",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Brazil","E, P","X",null,null,"X","R","X*",null,"X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Bulgaria","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"X6"]
[null,"China","R(E), P, HC","X","R","X",null,"X*","X",null,"X","X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Colombia","P",{"$nulls":4},"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Costa Rica","P","X","X",null,"X","X",null,null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Croatia","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"R6"]
[null,"Cuba","P"]
[null,"Dominica","P"]
[null,"Dominican Republic","P",null,"X",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Ecuador","P","X","X",null,null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Equatorial Guinea"]
[null,"Fiji","E, P","X",{"$nulls":7},"X","X"]
[null,"Gabon","E, P"]
[null,"Grenada","E, P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X"]
[null,"Guyana","E, P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Iran","P","X","X",{"$nulls":6},"X",null,"X","X"]
[null,"Iraq","P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Jamaica","E, P","X",null,null,"X","X",null,null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"Kazakhstan","P","X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X",{"$nulls":4},"X"]
[null,"Lebanon","E, P, HC","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Libya","E, P, HC, T",{"$nulls":9},"X"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",{"$nulls":7},"X6",null,"R6"]
[null,"Malaysia","P","X","X","X",null,"X",null,null,"H",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Maldives","P","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X"]
[null,"Marshall Islands","P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Mauritius","P","X",null,null,"R",{"$nulls":3},"X",null,"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Mexico","P, HC",{"$nulls":3},"X","R",null,null,"H","X",null,null,"X"]
[null,"Montenegro","E, P, HC, T","X","X",null,null,"X"]
[null,"Namibia","P","X",{"$nulls":4},"X"]
[null,"Nauru"]
[null,"Panama","E, T","X","X",null,"X","X",null,null,"X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Paraguay","P","X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":4},"X"]
[null,"Peru","P","X","X","X","X","X",null,null,"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Romania","E, P, HC, T",null,null,"X",null,"R",null,"X",{"$nulls":4},"X6"]
[null,"Russian Federation","P","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"H",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Samoa","E, P"]
[null,"Serbia","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"R"]
[null,"South Africa","P","X",null,"X",null,"X","X",null,"X6",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"St. Lucia","E, P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X"]
[null,"St. Vincent and the Grenadines1","P","X",null,null,"X"]
[null,"Suriname",null,"X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Thailand","E, P, HC, T","X","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":4},"X","X","X"]
[null,"Tonga","P"]
[null,"Turkey","P","X","X",null,null,"X",null,null,"H",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Turkmenistan"]
[null,"Tuvalu","P"]
[null,"Venezuela","P"]
[null,"LOWER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES"]
[null,"Angola",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":6},"X"]
[null,"Armenia","P","X","X",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"H",{"$nulls":3},"X6"]
[null,"Bangladesh","E, P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Bhutan","E, HC"]
[null,"Bolivia","P","X","X","X","X",{"$nulls":3},"H",null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"Cabo Verde","R(P)","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Cambodia","P"]
[null,"Cameroon","P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Congo, Republic of","P"]
[null,"Côte d’Ivoire","E, P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Djibouti","E, P"]
[null,"Egypt","E, P","X","R",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"El Salvador",null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"H","X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Georgia",{"$nulls":12},"X6"]
[null,"Ghana","E, P","X","X","X","X","X",null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Guatemala","E, P","X",null,null,"X","X",null,null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"Honduras","P","X","X",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X","X"]
[null,"India","P, HC","X","R*","X","R*","R","X*","X","H","X","X","X","X6"]
[null,"Indonesia","R(E), P ","X","R","X",null,"X",null,null,"X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Jordan","E, P, HC, T","X","X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Kenya","P, HC","X","X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"Kiribati","P"]
[null,"Kosovo","E, HV",null,"X"]
[null,"Kyrgyzstan",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":6},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Lao PDR","E"]
[null,"Lesotho","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X",null,"X","X"]
[null,"Mauritania","E"]
[null,"Micronesia, Federated States of","P","X",null,null,"X*"]
[null,"Moldova","E, P, HC, T",null,"X",null,"N","X",null,null,"N",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Mongolia","E, P","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Morocco","P, HC","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Myanmar","X","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Nicaragua","P",null,"X",{"$nulls":6},"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Nigeria","P","X","X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Pakistan",null,null,"R",null,"R",null,null,"X",null,null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Palestine, State of5","P",null,"X",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Papua New Guinea","P"]
[null,"Philippines","P","X","X","X","X","X",null,null,"X","X","X","X","X"]
[null,"São Tomé and Príncipe","P"]
[null,"Solomon Islands","P"]
[null,"Sri Lanka","P","X","X","X","X","X",null,null,"H",null,"X","X","X"]
[null,"Sudan","P","X",{"$nulls":3},"X"]
[null,"Swaziland"]
[null,"Syria","E",null,"X",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X"]
[null,"Tajikistan","P","X","X",{"$nulls":7},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Timor-Leste","P"]
[null,"Tunisia","P","X",null,null,"X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Ukraine","E, R(P), HC, T","X","X",null,"X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X6"]
[null,"Uzbekistan","R(E), P",{"$nulls":7},"X"]
[null,"Vanuatu","E, P","X","X",{"$nulls":7},"X"]
[null,"Vietnam","E, P, T","X","N","X","N","X",null,"X",null,"X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Yemen","P","X"]
[null,"Zambia",null,"X","N",{"$nulls":5},"H",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"LOW INCOME COUNTRIES"]
[null,"Afghanistan","E, P, T"]
[null,"Benin","E, P"]
[null,"Burkina Faso","P","X",{"$nulls":6},"X","X","X","X"]
[null,"Burundi","E"]
[null,"Central African Republic"]
[null,"Chad"]
[null,"Comoros","P"]
[null,"Congo, Democratic Republic of","P"]
[null,"Eritrea","P"]
[null,"Ethiopia","P",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,null,"H"]
[null,"Gambia","P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Guinea","E, P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau","E, P"]
[null,"Haiti","P","X",{"$nulls":10},"X"]
[null,"Korea, Democratic People's Republic"]
[null,"Liberia","E, P","X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":4},"X"]
[null,"Madagascar","E, P","X",{"$nulls":6},"H",null,"X"]
[null,"Malawi","E, P, HC","X",{"$nulls":3},"X","X",null,"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Mali","E, P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Mozambique","HC","X",{"$nulls":3},"X",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Nepal","E, P","X","X",{"$nulls":4},"X","X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Niger","E, P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Rwanda","P","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X","X","X",null,"X"]
[null,"Senegal","P","X","X","X","X",{"$nulls":3},"H",null,"X"]
[null,"Sierra Leone","P, HC"]
[null,"Somalia"]
[null,"South Sudan","P"]
[null,"Tanzania","P","X","X",null,"N",{"$nulls":5},"X","X","X"]
[null,"Togo","E, P","X",{"$nulls":8},"X"]
[null,"Uganda","P, HC, T","X","X",{"$nulls":5},"X",null,"X",null,"X"]
[null,"Zimbabwe",null,"X",{"$nulls":3},"R",{"$nulls":4},"X",null,"X"]
[]
[null,"1 Certain Caribbean countries have adopted hybrid net metering and feed-in policies whereby residential consumers can offset power while commercial consumers are obligated to feed 100% of the power generated into the grid. These policies are defined as net metering for the purposes of the GSR."]
[null,"2 FIT support removed for large-scale power plants."]
[null,"3 Spain removed FIT support for new projects in 2012. Incentives for projects that previously had qualified for FIT support continue to be revised."]
[null,"4 State-level targets in the United States include RPS policies."]
[null,"5 The area of the State of Palestine is included in the World Bank country classification as “West Bank and Gaza”."]
[null,"6 Includes renewable heating and/or cooling technologies."]
[]
[null,"Note: Countries are organised according to annual gross national income (GNI) per capita levels as follows: “high” is USD 12,236 or more, “upper-middle” is USD 3,956 to USD 12,235, “lower-middle” is USD 1,006 to USD 3,955 and “low” is USD 1,005 or less. Per capita income levels and group classifications from World Bank, “Country and Lending Groups”, http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-and-lending-groups, viewed March 2018. Only enacted policies are included in the table; however, for some policies shown, implementing regulations may not yet be developed or effective, leading to lack of implementation or impacts. Policies known to be discontinued have been omitted or marked as removed or expired. Many feed-in policies are limited in scope of technology."]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 2 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"This section is intended to be only indicative of the overall landscape of policy activity and is not a definitive reference. Policies listed are generally those that have been enacted by legislative bodies. Some of the policies listed may not yet be implemented, or are awaiting detailed implementing regulations. It is difficult to capture every policy change, so some policies may be unintentionally omitted or incorrectly listed. This report does not cover policies and activities related to technology transfer, capacity building, carbon finance and Clean Development Mechanism projects, nor does it attempt to provide an comprehensive list of broader framework and strategic policies – all of which are still important to renewable energy progress. For the most part, this report also does not cover policies that are still under discussion or formulation, except to highlight overall trends. Information on policies comes from a wide variety of sources, including the IEA and IRENA Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database, the US Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE), press reports, submissions from REN21 regional- and country-specific contributors and a wide range of unpublished data. Table 2 and Figures 10 through 15 are based on numerous sources cited throughout this section."]

{"sheet":"Figure 16","index":28,"n_rows":43,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":43}
{"$rows_empty":41}
["Source","See endnote 3 for this section."]
[null,"Total final energy consumption in 2016 (estimated at 362.3 EJ) is based on 357.9 EJ for 2015 from IEA, World Energy Statistics and Balances, 2017 edition (Paris: 2017), https://webstore.iea.org/ world-energy-statistics-and-balances, and escalated by the 1.24% increase in estimated global total final consumption (including non-energy use) from 2015 to 2016, derived from IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017 edition (Paris: 2017), https://www.iea.org/weo2017/. Estimate of traditional biomass from idem. Modern bioenergy for heat based on 2015 values from IEA, World Energy Statistics and Balances, op. cit. this note, and escalated to 2016 based on growth rates from IEA, Renewables 2017 (Paris: 2017), p. 124, https://www. iea.org/publications/renewables2017/. Biofuels used in transport in 2016 from note 54 in this section. Bioelectricity consumption based on estimates of 2016 generation from idem, and global average electricity losses and estimated technology-specific industry ownuse of bioelectricity in 2016 (estimated 15.5% of generation), based on IEA, World Energy Statistics and Balances, op. cit. this note."]

{"sheet":"Figure 17","index":29,"n_rows":44,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":44}
{"$rows_empty":42}
["Source","See endnote 19 for this section."]
[null,"Figure 17 based on analysis of data to 2016 in Eurostat’s SHARES\ndatabase, for the heat produced from bioenergy (including the\nrenewable fraction of MSW) in each EU member state (except for\nGreece for which no data are provided), from Eurostat, “SHARES\n(Renewables)”, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/\nshares, viewed 4 April 2018. \n"]

{"sheet":"Figure 18","index":30,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 19","index":31,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 20","index":32,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":17}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title ","Figure 20: Geothermal Power Capacity Global Additions, Share by Country, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"%"]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.38896746817538896,"d":"38.9%"}]
[null,"Turkey",{"v":0.3437057991513437,"d":"34.4%"}]
[null,"Chile",{"v":0.06789250353606789,"d":"6.8%"}]
[null,"Iceland",{"v":0.06364922206506365,"d":"6.4%"}]
[null,"Honduras",{"v":0.04950495049504951,"d":"5.0%"}]
[null,"Mexico",{"v":0.03536067892503536,"d":"3.5%"}]
[null,"United States",{"v":0.033946251768033946,"d":"3.4%"}]
[null,"Japan",{"v":0.007072135785007072,"d":"0.7%"}]
[null,"Portugal",{"v":0.005657708628005658,"d":"0.6%"}]
[null,"Hungary",{"v":0.004243281471004243,"d":"0.4%"}]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 4 for this section."]
[null,null,"Figure 20 based on end-2016 capacity data and capacity additions in 2017 from sources in endnote 1, and on sources noted elsewhere in this section. For the purpose of this figure, end-2016 capacity is assumed to be equal to end-2017 capacity less new capacity installed during 2017."]
[null,null,"Estimates based on the following sources: power capacity\ndata for Italy, Japan and New Zealand from International\nEnergy Agency (IEA) Geothermal, 2016 Annual Report (Taupo,\nNew Zealand: October 2017), http://iea-gia.org/wp-content/\nuploads/2018/01/Annual-Report-2016.pdf; power capacity data\nfor Mexico from Luis C.A. Gutiérrez-Negrín, Mexican Geothermal\nAssociation, personal communication with REN21, March 2018;\npower capacity data for Chile, Iceland, Indonesia, Philippines,\nTurkey and the United States from sources noted elsewhere\nin this section; capacity data for all other countries from\nInternational Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable\nCapacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://irena.org/\npublications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018;\nestimated electricity generation in 2017 from IEA, Renewables\n2017 (Paris: 2017). Heat capacity and output is an extrapolation\nfrom five-year growth rates calculated from generation and\ncapacity data for 2009 and 2014, from John W. Lund and Tonya\nL. Boyd, “Direct utilization of geothermal energy 2015 worldwide\nreview”, Geothermics, vol. 60 (March 2016), pp. 66-93, http://\ndx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.11.004. "]

{"sheet":"Figure 20","index":33,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 21","index":34,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":19}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title ","Figure 21: Geothermal Power Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Added in 2017 (MW)"]
[null,"United States",24]
[null,"Philippines"]
[null,"Indonesia",275]
[null,"Turkey",243]
[null,"New Zealand"]
[null,"Mexico",25]
[null,"Italy"]
[null,"Iceland",45]
[null,"Kenya"]
[null,"Japan",5]
[null,"Rest of World",90]
[null,null,707]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 5 for this section."]
[null,null,"End-2016 capacity data from sources in endnote 1; capacity additions in 2017, by country, from sources noted elsewhere in this section. Figure 21 from idem."]
[null,null,"Estimates based on the following sources: power capacity\ndata for Italy, Japan and New Zealand from International\nEnergy Agency (IEA) Geothermal, 2016 Annual Report (Taupo,\nNew Zealand: October 2017), http://iea-gia.org/wp-content/\nuploads/2018/01/Annual-Report-2016.pdf; power capacity data\nfor Mexico from Luis C.A. Gutiérrez-Negrín, Mexican Geothermal\nAssociation, personal communication with REN21, March 2018;\npower capacity data for Chile, Iceland, Indonesia, Philippines,\nTurkey and the United States from sources noted elsewhere\nin this section; capacity data for all other countries from\nInternational Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable\nCapacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://irena.org/\npublications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018;\nestimated electricity generation in 2017 from IEA, Renewables\n2017 (Paris: 2017). Heat capacity and output is an extrapolation\nfrom five-year growth rates calculated from generation and\ncapacity data for 2009 and 2014, from John W. Lund and Tonya\nL. Boyd, “Direct utilization of geothermal energy 2015 worldwide\nreview”, Geothermics, vol. 60 (March 2016), pp. 66-93, http://\ndx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.11.004. "]

{"sheet":"Figure 21","index":35,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 22","index":36,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":17}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 22: Hydropower Global Capacity, Shares of Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"%"]
[null,null,"China",{"v":0.28,"d":"28%"}]
[null,null,"Brazil",{"v":0.09,"d":"9%"}]
[null,null,"Canada",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,null,"United States",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,null,"Russian Federation",{"v":0.043,"d":"4.3%"}]
[null,null,"India",{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"}]
[null,null,"Norway",{"v":0.027,"d":"2.7%"}]
[null,null,"Turkey",{"v":0.025,"d":"2.5%"}]
[null,null,"Japan",{"v":0.02,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,null,"France",{"v":0.017,"d":"1.7%"}]
[null,null,"Rest of World",{"v":0.31,"d":"31%"}]
[]
[null,null,"Source","See endnote 3 for this section."]
[{"$nulls":3},"Country data from the following sources: China: total capacity, capacity growth, utilisation and investment from China National Energy Agency (NEA), summary of national electric industry statistics for 2017, http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/22/c_136914154. htm; capacity additions in 2017 of 12.87 GW, including 2 GW of pumped storage, from China Electricity Council (CEC), annual report on national power system, 1 February 2018, http://www. cec.org.cn/guihuayutongji/gongzuodongtai/2018-02-01/177584. html; pumped storage capacity of 28.49 GW as of 26 December 2017, from CEC, http://www.cec.org.cn/hangyeguangjiao/ meitijujiao2/2017-12-26/176468.html; generation of 1,189.8 TWh and annual growth of 0.5% from National Bureau of Statistics of China, “Statistical communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2017 national economic and social development”, press release (Beijing: 28 February 2018), http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/ PressRelease/201802/t20180228_1585666.html; total capacity including pumped storage of 341.19 GW, pumped storage capacity of 28.49 GW and hydropower capacity of 312.7 GW; capacity additions (excluding pumped storage) of 7.3 GW; and pumped storage additions of 1.8 GW from IHA and International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), personal communications with REN21, MarchApril 2018. Brazil: 3,412 MW (3,115 MW large-scale hydro, 187 MW small-scale hydro and 110 MW very small-scale hydro) added in 2017, from National Agency for Electrical Energy (ANEEL), “Resumo geral dos novos empreendimentos de geração”, http://www.aneel. gov.br/acompanhamento-da-expansao-da-oferta-de-geracao-deenergia-eletrica, updated April 2018, and from ANEEL, “Informações gerenciais”, http://www.aneel.gov.br/informacoes-gerenciais; largescale hydro capacity is listed as 94,662 MW at end-2017, small-scale (1-30 MW) hydro as 5,020 MW and very small-scale (less than 1 MW) hydro as 594 MW (compared to 484 MW in the previous year), for a total of 100,275 MW; generation of 401 TWh from National Electrical System Operator of Brazil (ONS), “Geração de energia”, http://www. ons.org.br/Paginas/resultados-da-operacao/historico-da-operacao/ geracao_energia.aspx, viewed April 2018. United States: capacity from US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electric Power Monthly with Data for December 2017 (Washington, DC: February 2018), Tables 6.2.B and 6.3, https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/ archive/february2018.pdf; generation from idem, Table 1.1. Canada: data for 2016 only from Statistics Canada, “Table 127-0009 installed generating capacity, by class of electricity producer”, http://www5. statcan.gc.ca/cansim, viewed March 2018; generation for 2016 only from idem, “Table 127-0007 electric power generation, by class of electricity producer, annual”. Russian Federation: capacity and generation from System Operator of the Unified Energy System of Russia, Report on the Unified Energy System in 2017 (Moscow: 31 January 2018), http://www.so-ups.ru/fileadmin/files/company/ reports/disclosure/2018/ups_rep2017.pdf. India: installed capacity in 2017 (units larger than 25 MW) of 40,177.82 MW (plus 4,785.6 MW of pumped storage) from Government of India, Ministry of Power, Central Electricity Authority (CEA), “Hydro reports”, December 2017, http://www.cea.nic.in/monthlyarchive.html; installed small-scale ("]

{"sheet":"Figure 22","index":37,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 23","index":38,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":17}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 23: Hydropower Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries for Capacity Added, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Unit: Gigawatts","2016 total","Added in 2017"]
[null,1,"China",305.4,7.3]
[null,2,"Brazil",96.89999999999999,3.4]
[null,3,"India",42.7,1.9]
[null,4,"Angola",1.27,1.4]
[null,5,"Turkey",26.7,0.6]
[null,6,"Iran",10.2,0.5]
[null,7,"Vietnam",16.3,0.4]
[null,8,"Russian Federation",48,0.4]
[null,9,"Sudan",2.25,0.3]
[null,10,"Côte d’Ivoire",0.6,0.3]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 6 for this section."]
[null,null,"Capacity values by country from sources provided in endnote 3 and from IHA, op. cit. note 1. Figure 23 based on idem."]
[null,null,"Country data from the following sources: China: total capacity, capacity growth, utilisation and investment from China National Energy Agency (NEA), summary of national electric industry statistics for 2017, http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/22/c_136914154. htm; capacity additions in 2017 of 12.87 GW, including 2 GW of pumped storage, from China Electricity Council (CEC), annual report on national power system, 1 February 2018, http://www. cec.org.cn/guihuayutongji/gongzuodongtai/2018-02-01/177584. html; pumped storage capacity of 28.49 GW as of 26 December 2017, from CEC, http://www.cec.org.cn/hangyeguangjiao/ meitijujiao2/2017-12-26/176468.html; generation of 1,189.8 TWh and annual growth of 0.5% from National Bureau of Statistics of China, “Statistical communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2017 national economic and social development”, press release (Beijing: 28 February 2018), http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/ PressRelease/201802/t20180228_1585666.html; total capacity including pumped storage of 341.19 GW, pumped storage capacity of 28.49 GW and hydropower capacity of 312.7 GW; capacity additions (excluding pumped storage) of 7.3 GW; and pumped storage additions of 1.8 GW from IHA and International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), personal communications with REN21, MarchApril 2018. Brazil: 3,412 MW (3,115 MW large-scale hydro, 187 MW small-scale hydro and 110 MW very small-scale hydro) added in 2017, from National Agency for Electrical Energy (ANEEL), “Resumo geral dos novos empreendimentos de geração”, http://www.aneel. gov.br/acompanhamento-da-expansao-da-oferta-de-geracao-deenergia-eletrica, updated April 2018, and from ANEEL, “Informações gerenciais”, http://www.aneel.gov.br/informacoes-gerenciais; largescale hydro capacity is listed as 94,662 MW at end-2017, small-scale (1-30 MW) hydro as 5,020 MW and very small-scale (less than 1 MW) hydro as 594 MW (compared to 484 MW in the previous year), for a total of 100,275 MW; generation of 401 TWh from National Electrical System Operator of Brazil (ONS), “Geração de energia”, http://www. ons.org.br/Paginas/resultados-da-operacao/historico-da-operacao/ geracao_energia.aspx, viewed April 2018. United States: capacity from US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electric Power Monthly with Data for December 2017 (Washington, DC: February 2018), Tables 6.2.B and 6.3, https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/ archive/february2018.pdf; generation from idem, Table 1.1. Canada: data for 2016 only from Statistics Canada, “Table 127-0009 installed generating capacity, by class of electricity producer”, http://www5. statcan.gc.ca/cansim, viewed March 2018; generation for 2016 only from idem, “Table 127-0007 electric power generation, by class of electricity producer, annual”. Russian Federation: capacity and generation from System Operator of the Unified Energy System of Russia, Report on the Unified Energy System in 2017 (Moscow: 31 January 2018), http://www.so-ups.ru/fileadmin/files/company/ reports/disclosure/2018/ups_rep2017.pdf. India: installed capacity in 2017 (units larger than 25 MW) of 40,177.82 MW (plus 4,785.6 MW of pumped storage) from Government of India, Ministry of Power, Central Electricity Authority (CEA), “Hydro reports”, December 2017, http://www.cea.nic.in/monthlyarchive.html; installed small-scale ("]

{"sheet":"Figure 23","index":39,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 24","index":40,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":18}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 24: Solar PV Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,"Year","Annual Additions","Total Capacity"]
[null,2007,{"v":2.494,"d":"2.5"},{"v":8.126,"d":"8"}]
[null,2008,{"v":6.627,"d":"6.6"},{"v":14.753,"d":"15"}]
[null,2009,{"v":8.005,"d":"8"},{"v":22.758,"d":"23"}]
[null,2010,{"v":16.818,"d":"17"},{"v":39.576,"d":"40"}]
[null,2011,{"v":30.592,"d":"31"},{"v":70.168,"d":"70"}]
[null,2012,{"v":29.366,"d":"29"},{"v":99.534,"d":"100"}]
[null,2013,{"v":37.661,"d":"38"},{"v":137.195,"d":"137"}]
[null,2014,{"v":39.771,"d":"40"},{"v":176.966,"d":"177"}]
[null,2015,{"v":50.703,"d":"51"},{"v":227.669,"d":"228"}]
[null,2016,{"v":75.727,"d":"76"},{"v":303.395,"d":"303"}]
[null,2017,98,402]
[]
[null,"Note: Data are provided in direct current (DC). Totals may not add up due to rounding."]
[null,"Source","IEA PVPS. See endnote 3 for this section."]
[null,null,"At least 98 GWdc added in 2017 (up from 76 GW in 2016) for a year-end total of 402.5 GW, from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018 (Paris: April 2018), p. 4, http://www. iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/public/report/statistics/IEA_PVPS-A_ Snapshot_of_Global_PV-1992-2017.pdf. A minimum of 397 GW was in place at year’s end with a high level of certainty, and another 5.7 GW in non-IEA PVPS reporting countries, off-grid installations, etc. from idem, p. 6. Data in the IEA PVPS report are preliminary and were the best available as of 16 March 2018. A preliminary estimate of 98.9 GW was added for a total of 400 GW, from Christian Westermeier, SolarPower Europe, “SolarPower Summit 2018 – Global Solar Markets Update”, March 2018; an estimated 102 GW was added for a global total of 405 GW, from China Photovoltaic Industry Association, cited in Liu Yuanyuan, “China’s solar PV module exports reached 37.9 GW in 2017”, Renewable Energy World, 12 March 2018, http://www.renewableenergyworld. com/articles/2018/03/china-s-pv-module-exports-reached-37-9- gw-in-2017.html; and 92.9 GW was added for cumulative capacity of 377 GW (based on shipments to first buyer, and tracked since mid-1970s), from Paula Mints, “How much solar capacity exists in the world?” Renewable Energy World, 16 April 2018, https://www. renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2018/04/3-3-on-solar-pv-howmuch-solar-capacity-exists-in-the-world.html. A few countries report data officially in alternating current (AC) (e.g., Canada, Chile, Japan since 2012 and Spain); these data were converted to direct current (DC) by relevant sources provided in this section for consistency across countries. The difference between DC and AC power can range from as little as 5% to as much as 50%. Most utility-scale solar PV plants built in 2017 have an AC-DC ratio between 1.1 and 1.5, from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 11. The GSR 2018 attempts to report all solar PV data in DC units, and only capacity that is in operation at year’s end. Figure 24 based on data from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, and from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications 2017: Survey Report of Selected IEA Countries Between 1992 and 2016 (Paris: 2017), p. 7, http://iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/public/report/statistics/IEAPVPS_Trends_2017_in_Photovoltaic_Applications.pdf."]

{"sheet":"Figure 24","index":41,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 25","index":42,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":18}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 25: Solar PV Global Capacity, by Country or Region, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,"Year","World"]
[null,2007,8]
[null,2008,15]
[null,2009,23]
[null,2010,40]
[null,2011,70]
[null,2012,100]
[null,2013,137]
[null,2014,177]
[null,2015,228]
[null,2016,303]
[null,2017,402]
[]
[null,"Note: Data are provided in direct current (DC)."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 9 for this section."]
[null,null,"IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. note 3, p. 10. Figure 25 based on data (including 0.4 GW added in Italy for a year-end total of 19.7 GW) from IEA PVPS, op. cit. note 3, both sources, and on national data and sources for China, Germany, Japan and the United States provided throughout this section"]

{"sheet":"Figure 25","index":43,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 26","index":44,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":18}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 26: Solar PV Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
[]
[]
[null,null,"GW"]
[null,"Country","Added in 2017"]
[null,"China",53.1]
[null,"United States",10.6]
[null,"Japan",{"v":7,"d":"7.0"}]
[null,"Germany",1.7]
[null,"Italy",0.4]
[null,"India",9.1]
[null,"United Kingdom",0.9]
[null,"France",0.9]
[null,"Australia",1.3]
[null,"Spain",0.1]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 19 for this section."]
[null,null,"Cumulative capacity of 131.14 GW, from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. note 3, p. 10 (based on the NEA official figure of over 130 GW grid-connected capacity plus an estimated 1 GW of off-grid capacity), from Becquerel Institute, personal communication with REN21, April 2018; cumulative capacity of 130.25 GW from NEA, “National power\nindustry statistics list”, 22 January 2018, http://www.nea.gov.\ncn/2018-01/22/c_136914154.htm (using Google Translate); AECEA,\n“China 2017 – what a year with 53 GW of added solar PV! What’s in\nfor 2018!”, Briefing Paper – China Solar PV Development, January\n2018 (provided by Frank Haugwitz, AECEA). Target, economic\ndevelopment and environmental protection from NEA, op. cit.\nnote 13; poverty alleviation, from Brian Publicover, “China unveils\n5.16GW of PV under poverty relief scheme”, PV Magazine, 18\nOctober 2016, https://www.pv-magazine.com/2016/10/18/chinaunveils-5-16gw-of-pv-under-poverty-relief-scheme_100026544/. Figure 26 based on historical data from IEA PVPS, Trends in\nPhotovoltaic Applications 2017, op. cit. note 3, on year-end 2017\nadditions for Italy, France and Spain from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of\nGlobal Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. note 3, and on countryspecific\ndata and sources provided throughout this section for\nAustralia, China, Germany, India, Japan, the United Kingdom and\nthe United States. "]

{"sheet":"Figure 26","index":45,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 27","index":46,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":17}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 27: Solar PV Global Capacity Additions, Shares of Top 10 Countries and Rest of World, 2017"]
[]
[null,"COUNTRY","%"]
[null,"China",{"v":0.54,"d":"54.0%"}]
[null,"United States",{"v":0.108,"d":"10.8%"}]
[null,"India",{"v":0.093,"d":"9.3%"}]
[null,"Japan",{"v":0.071,"d":"7.1%"}]
[null,"Turkey",{"v":0.027,"d":"2.7%"}]
[null,"Germany",{"v":0.017,"d":"1.7%"}]
[null,"Australia",{"v":0.013,"d":"1.3%"}]
[null,"Republic of Korea",{"v":0.012,"d":"1.2%"}]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":0.009,"d":"0.9%"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.009,"d":"0.9%"}]
[null,"Rest of World",{"v":0.1,"d":"10.0%"}]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 98 for this section."]
[null,null,"IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. note 3, pp. 3-4, 10, 15; data and sources for other countries provided throughout this section. Figure 27 based on idem."]

{"sheet":"Figure 27","index":47,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 28","index":48,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":18,"merged":[[2,1,2,5]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 28: Concentrating Solar Thermal Power Global Capacity, by Country and Region, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,"FIGURES IN GW"]
[null,null,"United States","Spain","Rest of World","Total "]
[null,2007,{"v":0.426,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.011,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0.437,"d":"0.4"}]
[null,2008,{"v":0.426,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.061,"d":"0.1"},{"v":0,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0.487,"d":"0.5"}]
[null,2009,{"v":0.426,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.381,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.017,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0.824,"d":"0.8"}]
[null,2010,{"v":0.501,"d":"0.5"},{"v":0.631,"d":"0.6"},{"v":0.037,"d":"0.0"},{"v":1.169,"d":"1.2"}]
[null,2011,{"v":0.501,"d":"0.5"},{"v":1.101,"d":"1.1"},{"v":0.077,"d":"0.1"},{"v":1.679,"d":"1.7"}]
[null,2012,{"v":0.501,"d":"0.5"},{"v":1.9535,"d":"2.0"},{"v":0.077,"d":"0.1"},{"v":2.5315,"d":"2.5"}]
[null,2013,{"v":0.876,"d":"0.9"},{"v":2.3035,"d":"2.3"},{"v":0.237,"d":"0.2"},{"v":3.4165,"d":"3.4"}]
[null,2014,{"v":1.628,"d":"1.6"},{"v":2.3035,"d":"2.3"},{"v":0.412,"d":"0.4"},{"v":4.3435,"d":"4.3"}]
[null,2015,{"v":1.738,"d":"1.7"},{"v":2.3035,"d":"2.3"},{"v":0.672,"d":"0.7"},{"v":4.7135,"d":"4.7"}]
[null,2016,{"v":1.738,"d":"1.7"},{"v":2.3035,"d":"2.3"},{"v":0.782,"d":"0.8"},{"v":4.8235,"d":"4.8"}]
[null,2017,{"v":1.738,"d":"1.7"},{"v":2.3035,"d":"2.3"},{"v":0.882,"d":"0.9"},4.9]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 1 for this section."]
[null,null,"Data are compiled from the following primary sources: New Energy Update, “CSP today global tracker”, http://tracker. newenergyupdate.com/tracker/projects, viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018; US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), “Concentrating solar power projects”, https:// www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018 (some subpages are referenced individually throughout this section); Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN21), Renewables 2017 Global Status Report (Paris: 2016), pp. 72-74, 171, http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/17-8399_ GSR_2017_Full_Report_0621_Opt.pdf; CSP World, “CSP world map”, http://cspworld.org/cspworldmap, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 3 April 2018; International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://www.irena.org/ publications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018; Luis Crespo, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association, Brussels, personal communication with REN21, 20 April 2018. In some cases, information from the above sources was verified against additional country-specific sources, as cited in the rest of the endnotes for this section. Global CSP data are based on commercial facilities only; demonstration or pilot facilities are excluded. Discrepancies between REN21 data and other reference sources are due primarily to differences in categorisation and thresholds for inclusion of specific CSP facilities in overall global totals. Figure 28 based on idem, all sources."]

{"sheet":"Figure 28","index":49,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 29","index":50,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":18,"merged":[[2,2,2,4]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title",null,"Figure 29: CSP Thermal Energy Storage Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"GWh"]
[null,null,"Previous Year's Capacity (2016)","Annual Additions","End-2017 Total Capacity"]
[null,2007,{"v":0,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0.043,"d":"0.04"},{"v":0.043,"d":"0.04"}]
[null,2008,{"v":0.04299999999999998,"d":"0.0"},{"v":0.375,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.418,"d":"0.4"}]
[null,2009,{"v":0.4179999999999999,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.395,"d":"0.4"},{"v":0.813,"d":"0.8"}]
[null,2010,{"v":0.813,"d":"0.8"},{"v":1.165,"d":"1.2"},{"v":1.978,"d":"2.0"}]
[null,2011,{"v":1.9779999999999998,"d":"2.0"},{"v":2.55,"d":"2.6"},{"v":4.528,"d":"4.5"}]
[null,2012,{"v":4.5280000000000005,"d":"4.5"},{"v":1.965,"d":"2.0"},{"v":6.493,"d":"6.5"}]
[null,2013,{"v":6.493,"d":"6.5"},{"v":3.31,"d":"3.3"},{"v":9.803,"d":"9.8"}]
[null,2014,{"v":9.803,"d":"9.8"},{"v":0,"d":"0.0"},{"v":9.803,"d":"9.8"}]
[null,2015,{"v":9.802999999999999,"d":"9.8"},{"v":1.83,"d":"1.8"},{"v":11.633,"d":"11.6"}]
[null,2016,{"v":11.633000000000001,"d":"11.6"},{"v":0.715,"d":"0.7"},{"v":12.348,"d":"12.3"}]
[null,2017,{"v":12.348,"d":"12.3"},0.5,{"v":12.848,"d":"12.8"}]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 5 for this section."]
[null,null,"Data are compiled from the following primary sources: New Energy Update, “CSP today global tracker”, http://tracker. newenergyupdate.com/tracker/projects, viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018; US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), “Concentrating solar power projects”, https:// www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018 (some subpages are referenced individually throughout this section); Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN21), Renewables 2017 Global Status Report (Paris: 2016), pp. 72-74, 171, http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/17-8399_ GSR_2017_Full_Report_0621_Opt.pdf; CSP World, “CSP world map”, http://cspworld.org/cspworldmap, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 3 April 2018; International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://www.irena.org/ publications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018; Luis Crespo, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association, Brussels, personal communication with REN21, 20 April 2018. In some cases, information from the above sources was verified against additional country-specific sources, as cited in the rest of the endnotes for this section. Global CSP data are based on commercial facilities only; demonstration or pilot facilities are excluded. Discrepancies between REN21 data and other reference sources are due primarily to differences in categorisation and thresholds for inclusion of specific CSP facilities in overall global totals. Figure 28 based on idem, all sources."]

{"sheet":"Figure 29","index":51,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 30","index":52,"n_rows":20,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":20}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 30: Solar Water Heating Collectors Global Capacity, 2007-2017"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Water Collectors Total (GWth)"]
[null,2007,{"v":144.92550323272712,"d":"145"}]
[null,2008,{"v":170.19694871368117,"d":"170"}]
[null,2009,{"v":203.13489233212437,"d":"203"}]
[null,2010,{"v":241.91200883556516,"d":"242"}]
[null,2011,{"v":284.69131529434213,"d":"285"}]
[null,2012,{"v":329.80546562366663,"d":"330"}]
[null,2013,{"v":373.9064529212041,"d":"374"}]
[null,2014,{"v":408.59671160377127,"d":"409"}]
[null,2015,{"v":435.1432400910878,"d":"435"}]
[null,2016,{"v":456.28,"d":"456"}]
[null,2017,{"v":472.479,"d":"472"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Data are for glazed and unglazed solar water collectors, and do not include concentrating and air collectors."]
[null,"Source","IEA SHC. See endnote 2 for this section."]
[null,null,"Spörk-Dür, op. cit. note 1. Figure 30 based on the latest market data from Australia, Austria, Brazil, China, Germany, Israel, Mexico, Turkey and the United States, which represented 87% of cumulative installed capacity in operation in 2016. The other countries were projected according to their trend over the past two years, from idem."]

{"sheet":"Figure 30","index":53,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 31","index":54,"n_rows":27,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":27}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 31: Solar Water Heating Collector Additions, Top 20 Countries for Capacity Added, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Growth 2016/2017"]
[null,"China",{"v":-0.06,"d":"-6%"}]
[null,"Turkey",{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"}]
[null,"India",{"v":0.26,"d":"26%"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":-0.03,"d":"-3%"}]
[null,"United States",{"v":-0.04,"d":"-4%"}]
[null,"Germany",{"v":-0.16,"d":"-16%"}]
[null,"Australia",{"v":-0.03,"d":"-3%"}]
[null,"Israel",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"}]
[null,"Mexico",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,"Greece",{"v":0.16,"d":"16%"}]
[null,"Spain",{"v":-0.05,"d":"-5%"}]
[null,"Italy",{"v":-0.04,"d":"-4%"}]
[null,"South Africa",{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"}]
[null,"Poland",{"v":-0.04,"d":"-4%"}]
[null,"Taipei, China",{"v":-0.03,"d":"-3%"}]
[null,"Austria",{"v":-0.09,"d":"-9%"}]
[null,"Switzerland",{"v":-0.03,"d":"-3%"}]
[null,"Tunisia",{"v":-0.02,"d":"-2%"}]
[null,"Japan",{"v":-0.15,"d":"-15%"}]
[null,"France",{"v":-0.27,"d":"-27%"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Additions represent gross capacity added."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 5 for this section."]
[null,null,"Data and Figure 31 based on the latest market data available at the time of publication for glazed and unglazed water collectors without concentrating collectors for countries that together represent 93% of the world total. Data from original country sources provided to REN21 as follows: David Ferrari, Sustainability Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Werner Weiss, AEE INTEC, Vienna, Austria; Marcelo Mesquita, ABRASOL, São Paulo, Brazil; Hongzhi Cheng, Shandong SunVision Management Consulting, Dezhou, China; Marco Tepper, BSW Solar, Berlin, Germany; Edwige Porcheyre, Enerplan, La Ciotat, France; Costas Travasaros, Greek Solar Industry Association (EBHE), Piraeus, Greece; Jaideep Malaviya, Solar Thermal Federation of India (STFI), Pune, India; Eli Shilton, Elsol, Kohar-yair, Israel; Federico Musazzi, ANIMA, the Federation of Italian Associations in the Mechanical and Engineering Industries, Milan, Italy; Kumiko Saito, Solar System Development Association, Tokyo, Japan; Daniel Garcia, Solar Thermal Manufacturers Organisation (FAMERAC), Mexico City, Mexico; Janusz Staroscik, Association of Manufacturers and Importers of Heating Appliances (SPIUG), Warsaw, Poland; Karin Kritzinger, Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Pascual Polo, Spanish Solar Thermal Association (ASIT), Madrid, Spain; David Stickelberger, Swissolar, Zurich, Switzerland; Kung-Ming Chung, Energy Research Center of the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Chinese Taipei; Abdelkader Baccouche, ANME, Tunis, Tunisia; Turkey from Kutay Ülke, Bural Heating, Kayseri, Turkey, and from Krystyna Dawson, BSRIA, Berkshire, United Kingdom; Les Nelson, Solar Heating & Cooling Programs at the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO), Ontario, California, all personal communications with REN21, February-April 2018. The additions for Australia are preliminary, and the share of vacuum tube collectors within the new glazed collector area was assumed to be 10% as in 2016. China and world data reflect an assumption that systems have a lifetime of 10 years in China, 14 years in Turkey, 20 years in Germany and 25 years in all other countries."]

{"sheet":" Figure 31","index":55,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 32","index":56,"n_rows":21,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":21}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 32: Solar Water Heating Collectors Global Capacity in Operation, Shares of Top 12 Countries and Rest of World, 2016"]
[]
[null,"Country/region","Share (%) of total "]
[null,"China",{"v":0.712,"d":"71.2%"}]
[null,"United States",{"v":0.039,"d":"3.9%"}]
[null,"Turkey",{"v":0.033,"d":"3.3%"}]
[null,"Germany",{"v":0.03,"d":"3.0%"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.021,"d":"2.1%"}]
[null,"India",{"v":0.015,"d":"1.5%"}]
[null,"Australia",{"v":0.014,"d":"1.4%"}]
[null,"Austria",{"v":0.008,"d":"0.8%"}]
[null,"Israel",{"v":0.007,"d":"0.7%"}]
[null,"Greece",{"v":0.007,"d":"0.7%"}]
[null,"Italy",{"v":0.007,"d":"0.7%"}]
[null,"Japan",{"v":0.005,"d":"0.5%"}]
[null,"Rest of world",{"v":0.104,"d":"10.4%"}]
[null,"World Total",{"v":1,"d":"100.0%"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Data are for glazed and unglazed solar water collectors, and do not include concentrating and air collectors."]
[null,"Source","IEA SHC. See endnote 43 for this section. "]
[null,null,"Monika Spörk-Dür, AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC), Austria, personal communication with REN21, March and April 2018; Werner Weiss and Monika Spörk-Dür, Solar Heat Worldwide. Global Market Development and Trends in 2017, Detailed Market Figures 2016 (Gleisdorf, Austria: International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC), 2018), http://www.iea-shc.org/solar-heat-worldwide."]

{"sheet":"Figure 32","index":57,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 33","index":58,"n_rows":43,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":43}
{"$rows_empty":41}
["Source","IEA SHC. See endnote 45 for this section."]
[null,"Monika Spörk-Dür, AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC), Austria, personal communication with REN21, March and April 2018; Werner Weiss and Monika Spörk-Dür, Solar Heat Worldwide. Global Market Development and Trends in 2017, Detailed Market Figures 2016 (Gleisdorf, Austria: International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC), 2018), http://www.iea-shc.org/solar-heat-worldwide"]

{"sheet":"Data 34","index":59,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":18,"merged":[[2,2,2,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 34: Wind Power Global Capacity and Annual Additions, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Gigawatts (GW)"]
[null,"Year","Annual Additions","Year-end Total"]
[null,2007,{"v":20.31,"d":"20"},{"v":93.924,"d":"94"}]
[null,2008,{"v":26.85,"d":"27"},{"v":120.696,"d":"121"}]
[null,2009,{"v":38.475,"d":"38"},{"v":159.052,"d":"159"}]
[null,2010,{"v":39.062,"d":"39"},{"v":197.956,"d":"198"}]
[null,2011,{"v":40.635,"d":"41"},{"v":238.11,"d":"238"}]
[null,2012,{"v":45.03,"d":"45"},{"v":282.85,"d":"283"}]
[null,2013,{"v":36.023,"d":"36"},{"v":318.697,"d":"319"}]
[null,2014,{"v":51.675,"d":"52"},{"v":369.862,"d":"370"}]
[null,2015,{"v":63.633,"d":"64"},{"v":432.68,"d":"433"}]
[null,2016,{"v":54.642,"d":"55"},{"v":487.279,"d":"487"}]
[null,2017,{"v":52.492,"d":"52"},{"v":539.123,"d":"539"}]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 2 for this section."]
[null,null,"Increase and cumulative capacity based on data from all sources in endnote 1. Figure 34 based on historical data from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 20; data for 2017 from sources in this section. Note that annual additions reported in this section are generally gross additions; the net increase in total capacity can be lower, reflecting decommissioning. However, relatively few of the countries that installed wind power capacity during the year decommissioned previously existing capacity. Year-end totals account for decommissioned capacity"]

{"sheet":"Figure 34","index":60,"n_rows":47,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":47}
{"$rows_empty":45}
[null,"Source","See endnote 53 for this chapter"]
[null,null,"Figure 34 from IRENA, Innovation Outlook: Renewable Mini-grids (Abu Dhabi: 2016), p. 18, http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA_Innovation_Outlook_Minigrids_2016.pdf.53"]

{"sheet":"Data 35","index":61,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":18}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 35: Wind Power Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Gigawatts (GW)"]
[null,"Country","Added in 2017"]
[null,"China",{"v":19.66,"d":"19.7"}]
[null,"United States",{"v":7.017,"d":"7.0"}]
[null,"Germany",{"v":6.113,"d":"6.1"}]
[null,"India",{"v":4.148,"d":"4.1"}]
[null,"Spain",{"v":0.096,"d":"0.1"}]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":4.27,"d":"4.3"}]
[null,"France",{"v":1.694,"d":"1.7"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":2.022,"d":"2.0"}]
[null,"Canada",{"v":0.341,"d":"0.3"}]
[null,"Italy",{"v":0.252,"d":"0.3"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Additions are net of decommissioning."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 11 for this section."]
[null,null,"Based on data from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, and WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017: Annual Combined Onshore and Offshore Wind Statistics (Brussels: February 2018), p. 9, https://windeurope.org/ wp-content/uploads/files/about-wind/statistics/WindEuropeAnnual-Statistics-2017.pdf. Figure 35 based on country-specific data and sources provided throughout this section (or see endnote for Reference Table R21)."]

{"sheet":"Figure 35","index":62,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 36","index":63,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":17}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 36: Wind Power Offshore Global Capacity by Region, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,"Year","Total in GW"]
[null,2007,1.1]
[null,2008,1.5]
[null,2009,2.2]
[null,2010,3.2]
[null,2011,4.1]
[null,2012,5.4]
[null,2013,{"v":7,"d":"7.0"}]
[null,2014,8.7]
[null,2015,12.2]
[null,2016,14.4]
[null,2017,18.8]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 87 for this section."]
[null,null,"Europe’s total offshore capacity at year’s end was 15,780 MW, from WindEurope, Offshore Wind in Europe, op. cit. note 37, p. 18. Europe was followed by Asia (2,998 MW) and the United States (30 MW), from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 55. Europe’s share in 2016 based on data from FTI Consulting, op. cit. note 1, p. 48. Figure 36 based on data from GWEC, Global Wind Report – Annual Market Update 2015 (Brussels: April 2016), pp. 50-51, http:// www.gwec.net/wp-content/uploads/vip/GWEC-Global-Wind2015-Report_April-2016_19_04.pdf; GWEC, op. cit. note 62, p. 58; GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 55; Shi Pengfei, CWEA, personal communication with REN21, April 2010 and March 2017; FTI Consulting, Global Wind Market Update – Demand & Supply 2016, Part Two – Demand Side Analysis (London: March 2017), p. 60; WindEurope, The European Offshore Wind Industry – Key Trends and Statistics 2016 (Brussels: January 2017), p. 17, https:// windeurope.org/wp-content/uploads/files/about-wind/statistics/ WindEurope-Annual-Offshore-Statistics-2016.pdf; WindEurope, Offshore Wind in Europe, op. cit. note 37, p. 6; AWEA, “First US offshore wind farm unlocks vast new ocean energy resource”, press release (Block Island, RI: 12 December 2016), http://www. awea.org/MediaCenter/pressreleasev2.aspx?ItemNumber=9627."]

{"sheet":"Figure 36","index":64,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 37","index":65,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":18}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 37: Market Shares of Top 10 Wind Turbine Manufacturers, 2017"]
[]
[null,"Company","Share (%)"]
[null,"Vestas (Denmark)",{"v":0.167,"d":"16.7%"}]
[null,"Seimens Gamesa (Spain)",{"v":0.166,"d":"16.6%"}]
[null,"Goldwind (China)",{"v":0.105,"d":"10.5%"}]
[null,"GE (United States)",{"v":0.076,"d":"7.6%"}]
[null,"Enercon (Germany)",{"v":0.066,"d":"6.6%"}]
[null,"Envision (China)",{"v":0.06,"d":"6.0%"}]
[null,"Nordex Acciona (Germany)",{"v":0.052,"d":"5.2%"}]
[null,"Mingyang (China)",{"v":0.047,"d":"4.7%"}]
[null,"Senvion (Germany)",{"v":0.037,"d":"3.7%"}]
[null,"Suzlon (India)",{"v":0.026,"d":"2.6%"}]
[null,"Others",{"v":0.19622243528283798,"d":"19.6%"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Total does not add up to 100% due to rounding."]
[null,"Source","FTI Consulting. See endnote 125 for this section."]
[null,null,"Figure of 80% for 2017, from FTI Consulting, op. cit. note 100, pp. 6, 10, 11; figure of 75% in 2016 based on data from FTI Consulting, Global Wind Market Update – Demand & Supply 2016, Part One – Supply Side Analysis (London: 2017), p. 10, http:// www.fti-intelligencestore.com/index.php?route=download/ main&download_id=147. Figure 37 based on data from FTI Consulting, op. cit. note 100, pp. 6, 10, 11. Data based on total sales of 52,150 MW, and considering only manufacturers that sell turbines of 200 kW and up. Data for Vestas include 50% of new installations from MHI Vestas, a joint venture between Vestas Wind Systems A/S and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)."]

{"sheet":"Figure 37","index":66,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Table 3","index":67,"n_rows":25,"n_cols":65,"rows_kept":25,"merged":[[2,2,2,10],[2,11,2,19],[2,20,2,28],[2,29,2,37],[2,38,2,46],[2,47,2,55],[2,56,2,64]]}
["Table of Contents","Table Title","Table 3: Status of Renewable Electricity Generating Technologies, Costs and Capacity Factors, 2017"]
[]
[null,"Region","ONSHORE WIND POWER",{"$nulls":8},"SOLAR PV",{"$nulls":8},"HYDROPOWER",{"$nulls":8},"BIO-POWER",{"$nulls":8},"GEOTHERMAL POWER",{"$nulls":8},"CONCENTRATING SOLAR THERMAL POWER (CSP)",{"$nulls":8},"OFFSHORE WIND POWER"]
[null,null,"IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa","IC – min","IC – max","IC – wa","CF – min","CF – max","CF – wa","LCOE – min","LCOE – max","LCOE – wa"]
[null,"Africa",{"v":1485,"d":"1,485"},{"v":2850,"d":"2,850"},{"v":2040,"d":"2,040"},0.19,0.48,0.37,0.05,0.14,0.09,805,{"v":4735,"d":"4,735"},{"v":2172,"d":"2,172"},0.14,0.28,0.18,0.07,0.21,0.14,532,{"v":6730,"d":"6,730"},{"v":2114,"d":"2,114"},0.3,0.86,0.59,0.03,0.21,0.07,{"v":1525,"d":"1,525"},{"v":5579,"d":"5,579"},{"v":2755,"d":"2,755"},0.46,0.9,0.62,0.06,0.18,0.1,{"v":3745,"d":"3,745"},{"v":7689,"d":"7,689"},{"v":5101,"d":"5,101"},0.8,0.92,0.87,0.06,0.14,0.09,{"v":6850,"d":"6,850"},{"v":11300,"d":"11,300"},{"v":7841,"d":"7,841"},0.36,0.53,0.39,0.26,0.32,0.28]
[null,"Asia",{"v":1044,"d":"1,044"},{"v":3882,"d":"3,882"},{"v":1221,"d":"1,221"},0.18,0.46,0.25,0.05,0.19,0.06,832,{"v":4212,"d":"4,212"},{"v":1248,"d":"1,248"},0.1,0.23,0.17,0.04,0.2,0.1,483,{"v":5666,"d":"5,666"},{"v":1316,"d":"1,316"},0.16,0.82,0.46,0.02,0.14,0.04,736,{"v":5972,"d":"5,972"},{"v":1910,"d":"1,910"},0.14,0.93,0.71,0.04,0.25,0.06,{"v":1867,"d":"1,867"},{"v":8736,"d":"8,736"},{"v":3055,"d":"3,055"},0.41,0.9,0.85,0.04,0.12,0.06,{"v":3053,"d":"3,053"},{"v":7475,"d":"7,475"},{"v":4110,"d":"4,110"},0.21,0.54,0.28,0.13,0.29,0.21,{"v":1890,"d":"1,890"},{"v":5055,"d":"5,055"},{"v":3260,"d":"3,260"},0.23,0.29,0.28,0.11,0.24,0.15]
[null,"Central America and the Caribbean",{"v":1981,"d":"1,981"},{"v":3265,"d":"3,265"},{"v":2184,"d":"2,184"},0.24,0.54,0.33,0.06,0.15,0.1,{"v":1319,"d":"1,319"},{"v":2810,"d":"2,810"},{"v":1688,"d":"1,688"},0.16,0.19,0.17,0.09,0.19,0.13,{"v":1650,"d":"1,650"},{"v":4474,"d":"4,474"},{"v":3404,"d":"3,404"},0.32,0.55,0.53,0.08,0.16,0.1,{"v":1450,"d":"1,450"},{"v":2295,"d":"2,295"},{"v":1696,"d":"1,696"},0.27,0.8,0.6,0.05,0.07,0.07,{"v":3537,"d":"3,537"},{"v":3537,"d":"3,537"},{"v":3537,"d":"3,537"},0.57,0.57,0.57,0.1,0.1,0.1]
[null,"Eurasia",{"v":1032,"d":"1,032"},{"v":2002,"d":"2,002"},{"v":1605,"d":"1,605"},0.24,0.49,0.37,0.04,0.08,0.06,{"v":1463,"d":"1,463"},{"v":3551,"d":"3,551"},{"v":1904,"d":"1,904"},0.1,0.18,0.14,0.09,0.17,0.13,{"v":1499,"d":"1,499"},{"v":4082,"d":"4,082"},{"v":2528,"d":"2,528"},0.32,0.72,0.5,0.03,0.08,0.08,{"v":1322,"d":"1,322"},{"v":1356,"d":"1,356"},{"v":1344,"d":"1,344"},0.83,0.83,0.83,0.05,0.05,0.05,{"v":3222,"d":"3,222"},{"v":3278,"d":"3,278"},{"v":3259,"d":"3,259"},0.8,0.8,0.8,0.06,0.06,0.06]
[null,"Europe",{"v":1151,"d":"1,151"},{"v":3702,"d":"3,702"},{"v":1868,"d":"1,868"},0.14,0.51,0.29,0.04,0.11,0.08,921,{"v":2330,"d":"2,330"},{"v":1294,"d":"1,294"},0.11,0.18,0.12,0.04,0.17,0.13,570,{"v":7700,"d":"7,700"},{"v":2080,"d":"2,080"},0.16,0.58,0.29,0.05,0.25,0.12,507,{"v":7957,"d":"7,957"},{"v":3462,"d":"3,462"},0.18,0.98,0.84,0.03,0.25,0.09,{"v":3613,"d":"3,613"},{"v":8919,"d":"8,919"},{"v":5209,"d":"5,209"},0.6,0.8,0.66,0.08,0.13,0.1,{"v":5982,"d":"5,982"},{"v":8970,"d":"8,970"},{"v":7402,"d":"7,402"},0.23,0.41,0.32,0.2,0.34,0.28,{"v":2698,"d":"2,698"},{"v":6480,"d":"6,480"},{"v":4355,"d":"4,355"},0.27,0.55,0.38,0.11,0.25,0.15]
[null,"Middle East",916,{"v":1857,"d":"1,857"},{"v":1320,"d":"1,320"},0.14,0.29,0.2,0.08,0.1,0.09,{"v":1201,"d":"1,201"},{"v":3850,"d":"3,850"},{"v":2487,"d":"2,487"},0.18,0.35,0.22,0.06,0.19,0.12,{"v":1475,"d":"1,475"},{"v":1971,"d":"1,971"},{"v":1657,"d":"1,657"},0.31,0.53,0.34,0.04,0.09,0.07,{"v":3284,"d":"3,284"},{"v":4272,"d":"4,272"},{"v":3857,"d":"3,857"},0.46,0.92,0.64,0.07,0.16,0.12,{"$nulls":9},{"v":6220,"d":"6,220"},{"v":6680,"d":"6,680"},{"v":6373,"d":"6,373"},0.24,0.39,0.29,0.25,0.36,0.32]
[null,"North America",{"v":1270,"d":"1,270"},{"v":3001,"d":"3,001"},{"v":1718,"d":"1,718"},0.22,0.51,0.4,0.04,0.14,0.06,955,{"v":4120,"d":"4,120"},{"v":2084,"d":"2,084"},0.14,0.32,0.2,0.04,0.2,0.12,{"v":1051,"d":"1,051"},{"v":5195,"d":"5,195"},{"v":2395,"d":"2,395"},0.31,0.68,0.49,0.03,0.16,0.06,510,{"v":7375,"d":"7,375"},{"v":3718,"d":"3,718"},0.16,0.96,0.84,0.04,0.23,0.09,{"v":2029,"d":"2,029"},{"v":6720,"d":"6,720"},{"v":3422,"d":"3,422"},0.8,0.924,0.87,0.04,0.1,0.06,{"v":6373,"d":"6,373"},{"v":7753,"d":"7,753"},{"v":7002,"d":"7,002"},0.27,0.52,0.35,0.18,0.3,0.25,{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},0.48,0.48,0.48,0.24,0.24,0.24]
[null,"Oceania",{"v":1184,"d":"1,184"},{"v":3169,"d":"3,169"},{"v":2124,"d":"2,124"},0.23,0.43,0.33,0.05,0.1,0.08,{"v":1550,"d":"1,550"},{"v":2535,"d":"2,535"},{"v":1924,"d":"1,924"},0.2,0.26,0.22,0.07,0.12,0.09,{"v":3727,"d":"3,727"},{"v":3729,"d":"3,729"},{"v":3729,"d":"3,729"},0.31,0.5,0.45,0.09,0.12,0.1,{"$nulls":9},{"v":3783,"d":"3,783"},{"v":4440,"d":"4,440"},{"v":4000,"d":"4,000"},0.8,0.8,0.8,0.06,0.07,0.07,{"v":6672,"d":"6,672"},{"v":6673,"d":"6,673"},{"v":6673,"d":"6,673"},0.11,0.23,0.12,0.21,0.34,0.22]
[null,"South America",972,{"v":2909,"d":"2,909"},{"v":1829,"d":"1,829"},0.26,0.55,0.4,0.03,0.1,0.06,823,{"v":3879,"d":"3,879"},{"v":2044,"d":"2,044"},0.12,0.34,0.2,0.05,0.18,0.12,{"v":1026,"d":"1,026"},{"v":5824,"d":"5,824"},{"v":2022,"d":"2,022"},0.34,0.81,0.61,0.03,0.15,0.05,562,{"v":7505,"d":"7,505"},{"v":1695,"d":"1,695"},0.2,0.96,0.64,0.03,0.16,0.07,{"v":4348,"d":"4,348"},{"v":4348,"d":"4,348"},{"v":4348,"d":"4,348"},0.8,0.95,0.83,0.03,0.06,0.05]
[null,"China",989,{"v":1414,"d":"1,414"},{"v":1197,"d":"1,197"},0.23,0.29,0.25,0.05,0.07,0.06,{"v":1005,"d":"1,005"},{"v":1873,"d":"1,873"},{"v":1058,"d":"1,058"},0.1,0.19,0.17,0.06,0.15,0.08,798,{"v":1647,"d":"1,647"},990,0.42,0.53,0.51,0.02,0.04,0.03,920,{"v":5972,"d":"5,972"},{"v":1527,"d":"1,527"},0.33,0.93,0.64,0.04,0.14,0.06,{"$nulls":9},{"v":2550,"d":"2,550"},{"v":3450,"d":"3,450"},{"v":3223,"d":"3,223"},0.28,0.29,0.28,0.13,0.15,0.13,{"v":1890,"d":"1,890"},{"v":4258,"d":"4,258"},{"v":3249,"d":"3,249"},0.23,0.29,0.28,0.13,0.22,0.16]
[null,"India",850,{"v":1282,"d":"1,282"},{"v":1097,"d":"1,097"},0.19,0.33,0.24,0.06,0.09,0.07,661,{"v":1786,"d":"1,786"},971,0.15,0.22,0.19,0.05,0.13,0.07,483,{"v":2859,"d":"2,859"},{"v":1163,"d":"1,163"},0.16,0.75,0.41,0.02,0.09,0.05,736,{"v":5497,"d":"5,497"},{"v":1455,"d":"1,455"},0.63,0.9,0.73,0.04,0.25,0.06,{"$nulls":9},{"v":3053,"d":"3,053"},{"v":7475,"d":"7,475"},{"v":4228,"d":"4,228"},0.21,0.54,0.28,0.2,0.29,0.22]
[null,"United States",{"v":1381,"d":"1,381"},{"v":2534,"d":"2,534"},{"v":1648,"d":"1,648"},0.23,0.44,0.41,0.04,0.1,0.06,850,{"v":2215,"d":"2,215"},{"v":1869,"d":"1,869"},0.14,0.32,0.2,0.04,0.16,0.11,{"v":1051,"d":"1,051"},{"v":4228,"d":"4,228"},{"v":1351,"d":"1,351"},0.31,0.5,0.37,0.03,0.1,0.04,{"v":1668,"d":"1,668"},{"v":10240,"d":"10,240"},{"v":4400,"d":"4,400"},0.93,0.96,0.94,0.05,0.3,0.09,{"v":5162,"d":"5,162"},{"v":6720,"d":"6,720"},{"v":5328,"d":"5,328"},0.8,0.8,0.8,0.08,0.1,0.08,{"v":6373,"d":"6,373"},{"v":7753,"d":"7,753"},{"v":7002,"d":"7,002"},0.27,0.52,0.35,0.18,0.3,0.25,{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},{"v":9667,"d":"9,667"},0.48,0.48,0.48,0.24,0.24,0.24]
[]
[null,"Notes:"]
[null,"Wav = Weighted Average"]
[null,"IC= Investment Costs"]
[null,"CF = Capacity Factor"]
[null,"LCOE - Levelized Cost of Electricity"]
[null,"All monetary values are expressed in USD2016. LCOE is computed using a weighted average cost of capital of 7.5% for OECD countries and China and 10% for the rest of the world, and excludes subsidies and/or taxes. The data methodology and regional groupings are defined in IRENA, Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2017 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), www.irena.org/costs."]
[null,"Source","IRENA. See endnote 200 of this section."]
[null,null,"0 Sidebar 2 and Table 3 based on IRENA, Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2017 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://irena.org/-/ media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/Jan/IRENA_2017_ Power_Costs_2018.pdf."]

{"sheet":"Figure 38","index":68,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":32}
{"$rows_empty":30}
["Source","See endnote 2 for this chapter."]
[null,"Dahlberg Advisors and Lighting Global, Off-Grid Solar Market Trends Report 2018 (Washington, DC: International Finance Corporation, 2018), p. 97, https://www.gogla.org/sites/default/files/resource_docs/2018_mtr_full_report_low-res_2018.01.15_final.pdf"]

{"sheet":"Data 39","index":69,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":13}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 39: Population Without Access to Electricity, by Region or Country, 2010-2016"]
[]
[null,"LEFT graph","Unit: Million people",{"$nulls":7},"RIGHT graph"]
[null,null,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,null,null,2010,2016]
[null,"Sub-Saharan Africa",{"v":592.8301870044288,"d":"593"},{"v":605.2619357255221,"d":"605"},{"v":618.2955047579899,"d":"618"},{"v":629.3022072879355,"d":"629"},{"v":613.9340804229553,"d":"614"},{"v":597.0558949962485,"d":"597"},{"v":587.7412582890134,"d":"588"},null,"Sub-Saharan Africa",{"v":592.8301870044288,"d":"593"},{"v":587.7412582890134,"d":"588"}]
[null,"India",{"v":413.03327053317787,"d":"413"},{"v":416.7235810871707,"d":"417"},{"v":383.26361139819664,"d":"383"},{"v":348.74679257905416,"d":"349"},{"v":313.22357829547923,"d":"313"},{"v":276.7219765468808,"d":"277"},{"v":239.24982184231635,"d":"239"},null,"India",{"v":413.03327053317787,"d":"413"},{"v":239.24982184231635,"d":"239"}]
[null,"Southeast Asia",{"v":137.95950258,"d":"138"},{"v":136.6340483957332,"d":"137"},{"v":137.24294059854682,"d":"137"},{"v":118.28251476435162,"d":"118"},{"v":100.85406157565603,"d":"101"},{"v":78.34197164546289,"d":"78"},{"v":65.03544910499616,"d":"65"},null,"Southeast Asia",{"v":137.95950258,"d":"138"},{"v":65.03544910499616,"d":"65"}]
[null,"Other developing Asia",{"v":194.47188528720483,"d":"194"},{"v":172.38753212901852,"d":"172"},{"v":174.05083882429818,"d":"174"},{"v":167.55519531158376,"d":"168"},{"v":167.16870242235373,"d":"167"},{"v":137.03659682215306,"d":"137"},{"v":134.54408390386197,"d":"135"},null,"Other developing Asia",{"v":194.47188528720483,"d":"194"},{"v":134.54408390386197,"d":"135"}]
[null,"Other",{"v":60.092370977366954,"d":"60"},{"v":49.14019327223173,"d":"49"},{"v":47.59203058080993,"d":"48"},{"v":43.7007503371301,"d":"44"},{"v":41.809044358733445,"d":"42"},{"v":41.710173757159055,"d":"42"},{"v":33.854584573165994,"d":"34"},null,"Other",{"v":60.092370977366954,"d":"60"},{"v":33.854584573165994,"d":"34"}]
[null,"World",{"v":1398.3872163821784,"d":"1398"},{"v":1380.1472906096765,"d":"1380"},{"v":1360.4449261598413,"d":"1360"},{"v":1307.587460280055,"d":"1308"},{"v":1236.9894670751778,"d":"1237"},{"v":1130.8666137679043,"d":"1131"},{"v":1060.425197713354,"d":"1060"}]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 18 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"IEA, Energy Access Outlook 2017, p. 41 Figure 2.1 http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WEO2017SpecialReport_EnergyAccessOutlook.pdf; data for 2016 from IEA, World Energy Outlook 2017 Special Report, Electricity Access Database"]

{"sheet":"Figure 39","index":70,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 40","index":71,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":12}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 40: Annual Global Sales of Off-Grid Solar Systems, 2013-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Million units"]
[null,2013,17.6]
[null,2014,25.2]
[null,2015,26.7]
[null,2016,30.1]
[null,"2017 (est.)",25.8]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 35 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Dahlberg Advisors and Lighting Global, Off-Grid Solar Market Trends Report 2018, p. 77, https://www.gogla.org/sites/default/files/resource_docs/2018_mtr_full_report_low-res_2018.01.15_final.pdf."]
[null,null,"Data from devices sold by GOGLA- and Lighting Global-affiliated companies were extrapolated to include non-affiliated, custom-made and no-name systems in order to estimate total industry sales and people supplied."]

{"sheet":"Figure 40","index":72,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 41","index":73,"n_rows":37,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":37}
{"$rows_empty":34}
["Note: Data reported here represent about 30% of all sales of off-grid solar PV products across these markets."]
["Source","See endnote 40 for this chapter."]
[null,"Figure 41 based on the following sources: July-December 2017 sales from Ibid., p. 34; January-June 2017 sales from Lighting Global and GOGLA, op. cit. note 6, p. 20; July-December 2016 sales from GOGLA and Lighting Global, Global Off-Grid Solar Market Report: Semi-Annual Sales and Impact Data, July-December 2016 (Utrecht, The Netherlands: May 2017), p. 18, https://www.gogla.org/sites/default/files/recource_docs/ final_sales-and-impact-report_h22016_full_public.pdf. JanuaryJune 2016 sales from GOGLA and Lighting Global, Global Off-Grid Solar Market Report: Semi-Annual Sales and Impact Data, JanuaryJune 2016 (Utrecht, The Netherlands: May 2016), p. 30, https:// www.gogla.org/sites/default/files/recource_docs/global_offgrid_solar_market_report_jan-june_2016_public.pdf."]

{"sheet":"Data 42","index":74,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":13}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 42: Estimated Renewable Energy-based Large Micro-grid projects (>100 kW) Installed Outside of the OECD and China, 2013-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Number of projects"]
[null,2013,9]
[null,2014,14]
[null,2015,18]
[null,2016,16]
[null,"2017 (completed)",13]
[null,"2017 (announced)",35]
[]
[null,"Note: Data include only projects that have installed capacity greater than 100 kW and with at least two generation sources that have a local load and that are islandable. About half of these larger mini-grids are to improve energy access, with the rest for industrial/commercial use or to boost island supplies"]
[null,"Source","Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF). See endnote 58 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Data for mini-grids greater than 100 kW from Ibid. Data for smaller mini-grids from William Brent, Power for All, Paris, personal communication with REN21, 17 May 2018. Power for All has estimated that at least 19 mini-grids were installed in 2017 in Kenya and Tanzania, 45 in the ECOWAS region, 8 in Myanmar and 31 in India. The ECOWAS region includes Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Liberia, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Niger. The number for the ECOWAS region does not include 54 installations in Sierra Leone that were commissioned in 2017 but will only be considered full mini-grids in 2020. Figure 42 from BNEF, op. cit. note 57, and from BNEF, “1Q 2018 Off-grid. Data shown represent estimates and are likely incomplete."]

{"sheet":"Figure 42","index":75,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 43","index":76,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 44","index":77,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 45","index":78,"n_rows":35,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":35}
{"$rows_empty":33}
["Source","See endnote 77 for this chapter."]
[null,"International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Biogas for Domestic Cooking – Technology Brief (Abu Dhabi: December 2017), p. 6, http://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/ Agency/Publication/2017/Dec/IRENA_Biogas_for_domestic_ cooking_2017.pdf."]

{"sheet":"Data 46","index":79,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":12}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 46: Global Investment in Off-Grid Solar PV Companies, 2013-2017"]
[]
[null,null,"Pay-as-you-go solar companies","Off-grid solar companies"]
[null,null,"Million USD ","Million USD"]
[null,2013,17,18]
[null,2014,62,75]
[null,2015,156,207]
[null,2016,223,317]
[null,"2017 (est.)\n",265,284]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 82 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Figure 46 from the following sources: off-grid solar from Dalberg Advisors and Lighting Global, op. cit. note 2, p. 13; PAYG systems from BNEF, “1Q 2018 Off-grid and Mini-grid Market Outlook”, op. cit. note 80."]

{"sheet":"Figure 46","index":80,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 47","index":81,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 48","index":82,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 49","index":83,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 50","index":84,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 51","index":85,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 52","index":86,"n_rows":11,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":11}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 52: Global Utility-Scale Energy Storage Capacity, by Technology, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"GW"]
[null,"Pumped Storage",152]
[null,"Electro-mechanical",1.3]
[null,"Electro-chemical",2.3]
[null,"Thermal Storage",2.3]
[]
[null,"Note: Numbers should not be compared with prior versions of this figure to obtain year-by-year increases, as some adjustments are due to improved or revised source data."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 109 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"US DOE, OE, op. cit. note 101, viewed March 2018. Figure 52 based on data from idem. Thermal storage adjusted downward by 0.48 GW on account of two projects not being completed in 2017."]

{"sheet":"Figure 52","index":87,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Data 53","index":88,"n_rows":7,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":7}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 53: Global Passenger Electric Vehicle Market (including PHEVs), 2012-2017"]
[]
[null,null,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017]
[null,"Global Total (in thousands)",135,213,319,549,775,1226]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 181 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"Bert Witkamp, European Alternative Fuels Observatory (EAFO), personal communication with REN21, February 2018. European data from EAFO, other data sourced from the EV world sales database of EV-Volumes.com, used with permission. Figure 53 from idem."]

{"sheet":"Figure 53","index":89,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 54","index":90,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Figure 55","index":91,"n_rows":47,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":47}
{"$rows_empty":44}
["Note: Dollars are at constant purchasing power parities. CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States."]
["Source","See endnote 19 for this chapter."]
[null,"Enerdata, energy statistics database, https://yearbook.enerdata.net, viewed 14 March 2018."]

{"sheet":"Figure 56","index":92,"n_rows":48,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":48}
{"$rows_empty":45}
["Note: CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States"]
["Source","See endnote 45 for this chapter."]
[null,"Enerdata, energy statistics database, https://yearbook.enerdata.net, viewed 14 March 2018."]

{"sheet":"Figure 57","index":93,"n_rows":48,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":48}
{"$rows_empty":45}
["Note: Dollars are at constant purchasing power parities. CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States."]
["Source","See endnote 58 for this chapter."]
[null,"Enerdata, energy statistics database, https://yearbook.enerdata.net, viewed 14 March 2018."]

{"sheet":"Data 58","index":94,"n_rows":77,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":77}
["Table of Contents","Figure Title","Figure 58: Countries Where Corporations Have Sourced Renewable Electricity, up to End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Algeria"]
[null,"Argentina"]
[null,"Australia",null,"Note: Figure shows countries where corporate sourcing has taken place either through PPAs, utility green procurement programmes and/or the purchase of unbundled renewable electricity certificates. Direct investment in production for self-consumption is not included. Please see disclaimer on page 7 of this report for details on designations and presentation of material in this map."]
[null,"Austria",null,"Source","IRENA. See endnote 15 for this chapter."]
[null,"Bahrain ",null,null,"IRENA, Corporate Sourcing of Renewables: Market and Industry Trends (REmade Index 2018) (Abu Dhabi: May 2018), http://www. irena.org/publications. Going forward, IRENA will continue to work on this topic such as through IRENA’s Coalition for Action, providing an effective avenue for further public-private dialogue and the continuous exchange of experiences, in order to accelerate progress and overcome barriers."]
[null,"Belgium"]
[null,"Brazil "]
[null,"Bulgaria "]
[null,"Burkina Faso"]
[null,"Canada "]
[null,"Chile"]
[null,"China "]
[null,"Colombia "]
[null,"Croatia "]
[null,"Cyprus "]
[null,"Czech Republic "]
[null,"Denmark "]
[null,"Dominican Republic"]
[null,"Egypt "]
[null,"Eritrea"]
[null,"Estonia"]
[null,"Fiji"]
[null,"Finland"]
[null,"France "]
[null,"Germany "]
[null,"Ghana "]
[null,"Greece"]
[null,"Guatemala"]
[null,"Honduras"]
[null,"Hungary "]
[null,"Iceland "]
[null,"India "]
[null,"Indonesia "]
[null,"Ireland"]
[null,"Israel"]
[null,"Italy "]
[null,"Japan"]
[null,"Jordan"]
[null,"Kazakhstan"]
[null,"Kenya "]
[null,"Latvia"]
[null,"Lithuania"]
[null,"Luxembourg"]
[null,"Malaysia"]
[null,"Malta "]
[null,"Mexico"]
[null,"Morocco"]
[null,"Namibia"]
[null,"Netherlands"]
[null,"New Zealand"]
[null,"Norway "]
[null,"Pakistan"]
[null,"Panama"]
[null,"Philippines"]
[null,"Poland "]
[null,"Portugal"]
[null,"Republic of Korea"]
[null,"Romania "]
[null,"Saudi Arabia"]
[null,"Singapore"]
[null,"Slovakia"]
[null,"Slovenia "]
[null,"South Africa"]
[null,"South Sudan"]
[null,"Spain "]
[null,"Sweden"]
[null,"Switzerland "]
[null,"Thailand"]
[null,"Turkey"]
[null,"Uganda"]
[null,"United Arab Emirates"]
[null,"United Kingdom"]
[null,"United Republic of Tanzania"]
[null,"United States of America"]
[null,"Vietnam"]

{"sheet":"Figure 58","index":95,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0}

{"sheet":"Table 4","index":96,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":19,"merged":[[3,1,5,1],[3,3,5,3],[6,1,8,1],[6,3,8,3],[9,1,11,1],[9,3,11,3],[12,1,13,1],[12,3,13,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table Title","Table 4: Overview of Policy Measures That Support Various Corporate Sourcing Options"]
[]
[null,"Corporate sourcing option","Policy measures","Examples of countries using these policies nationally or sub-nationally"]
[null,"Corporate PPAs ","·      Allow third-party sales (bilateral trade/sales) directly between corporate buyers and IPPs","Argentina, Brazil, Chile,  Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States"]
[null,null,"·      Provide clear and transparent grid-access rules and wheeling arrangements that permit both on-site and off-site PPAs"]
[null,null,"·      Provide transparent and credible tracking of renewable energy attribute certificates"]
[null,"Utility green procurement","·      Support market-based renewable energy pricing","Netherlands, United States"]
[null,null,"·      Support tailored long-term renewable energy contracts for large-scale corporations (e.g., the creation of green tariff programmes)"]
[null,null,"·      Provide transparent and credible tracking of renewable energy attribute certificates"]
[null,"Direct investment for self-consumption","·      Provide clear and stable mechanism for on-site and off-site systems to feed excess electricity to the grid (e.g., net metering scheme) – preferably with priority dispatch for renewable energy","China, India, Japan, United Kingdom "]
[null,null,"·      Provide a “wheeling” mechanism that allows for the transport of electricity from off-site generation to the place of consumption"]
[null,null,"·      Provide transparent and credible tracking of renewable energy attribute certificates"]
[null,"Unbundled renewable electricity certificates (RECs/GOs)","·      Provide transparent and credible tracking of renewable energy attribute certificates","GOs in Europe; RECs in Australia, China, India, Mexico, United States"]
[null,null,"·      Allow for corporations to buy electricity certificates directly"]
[]
[null,"Note: \"Wheeling\" refers to the transfer of electric energy through transmission and distribution lines from one utility's service area to another's."]
[null,"Source","IRENA. See endnote 39 for this chapter."]
[null,null,"IRENA, Corporate Sourcing of Renewables: Market and Industry Trends (REmade Index 2018) (Abu Dhabi: May 2018), http://www. irena.org/publications. Going forward, IRENA will continue to work on this topic such as through IRENA’s Coalition for Action, providing an effective avenue for further public-private dialogue and the continuous exchange of experiences, in order to accelerate progress and overcome barriers."]
[null,null,"US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Policies for Enabling Corporate Sourcing of Renewable Energy Internationally (Golden, CO: May 2017), p. 3, https://www.nrel.gov/docs/ fy17osti/68149.pdf."]

{"sheet":"R1","index":97,"n_rows":26,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":26,"merged":[[3,1,3,3],[11,1,11,3],[15,1,15,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R1: Global Renewable Energy Capacity and Biofuel Production, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"ADDED DURING 2017","EXISTING AT END-2017"]
[null,"POWER CAPACITY (GW)"]
[null,"Bio-power","8.1",122]
[null,"Geothermal power","0.7","12.8"]
[null,"Hydropower",19,1114]
[null,"Ocean power","~0","0.5"]
[null,"Solar PV",98,402]
[null,"Concentrating solar thermal power (CSP)","0.1","4.9"]
[null,"Wind power",52,539]
[null,"THERMAL CAPACITY (GWth)"]
[null,"Modern bio-heat",3,314]
[null,"Geothermal direct use1","1.4",25]
[null,"Solar collectors for water heating2 ",35,472]
[null,"TRANSPORT FUELS PRODUCTION (billion litres per year)"]
[null,"Ethanol","2.9",106]
[null,"Biodiesel","0.1",31]
[null,"Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO)","0.6","6.5"]
[]
[null,"1 Data do not include heat pumps."]
[null,"2 Data do not include air collectors."]
[]
[null,"Note: Annual additions are net, except for the additions pertaining to solar collectors for water heating, which are gross. Numbers are rounded to the nearest GW/GWth/billion litres, with the exceptions of numbers <15, which are rounded to first decimal point, and transport fuels; where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data. Data reflect adjustments to year-end 2016 capacity data (particularly for bio-power and hydropower). For more precise data, see Reference Tables R2-R9, Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 1 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R1 from the following sources: Bio-power based on the following: US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Office of Energy Projects, “Energy Infrastructure Update for December 2017” (Washington, DC: 2017); Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Zeitreihen zur Entwicklung der erneuerbaren Energien in Deutschland unter Verwendung von Daten der Arbeitsgruppe Erneuerbare Energien-Statistik (AGEE-Stat) (Stand: Februar 2018) (Berlin: March 2018), Table 4, https://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/EE/Navigation/DE/Service/Erneuerbare_Energien_in_Zahlen/Zeitreihen/zeitreihen.html; UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, “Energy Trends: Renewables”, Table 6.1, updated 29 March 2018, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy-trends-section-6-renewables; Government of India, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), “Physical progress (achievements)”, http://164.100.94.214/physical-progress-achievements, viewed 4 March 2018; China National Energy Administration (NEA), “National Energy Administration Press Conference introduces related energy situation, etc.”, 24 January 2018, http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/24/c_136921015.htm (using Google Translate); data for other countries are based on forecast 2017 capacity figures from International Energy Agency (IEA), Market Report Series: Renewables 2017 (Paris: 2017). Geothermal power from sources in endnote X of this section. Hydropower from sources in endnote X of this section. Ocean power from International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: March 2018), http://www.irena.org/publications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018. Solar PV from sources in endnote X of this section. CSP from sources in endnote X of this section. Wind power from sources in endnote X of this section. Modern bio-heat based on the following: IEA estimates for modern bio-heat in 2015 of 12.9 EJ and an anticipated annual growth rate of 2%, making it 13.4 EJ in 2017, from IEA, Market Report Series: Renewables 2017, op. cit. this note, p. 124, https://www.iea.org/publications/renewables2017/. Capacity estimate assumes the same percent increase in capacity between 2014 and 2017 as for modern heat generation (2%) applied to the 2014 bio-heat capacity data from GSR 2015. Geothermal heat capacity data are an extrapolation from 2014 values using weighted-average five-year growth rates from 2009 to 2014 across eight categories of geothermal direct use (space heating, bathing and swimming, greenhouse heating, aquaculture, industrial use, snow melting and cooling, agricultural drying and other), from John W. Lund and Tonya L. Boyd, “Direct utilization of geothermal energy 2015 worldwide review”, Geothermics, vol. 60 (March 2016), pp. 66-93, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.11.004. Solar collectors for water heating estimates based on Monika Spörk-Dür, AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC), Austria, personal communication with REN21, March and April 2018; Werner Weiss and Monika Spörk-Dür, Solar Heat Worldwide. Global Market Development and Trends in 2017, Detailed Market Figures 2016 (Gleisdorf, Austria: IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, 2018), http://www.iea-shc.org/solar-heat-worldwide. See Solar Thermal Heating and Cooling section and related endnotes for more details. Ethanol production from US Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Monthly Energy Review, April 2018”, Table 10.3, https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#renewable, updated 26 April 2018; Brazil Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, “Dados estatísticos”,  http://www.anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos, viewed 27 April 2018; China, Canada and Thailand from Renewable Fuels Association, “Industry Statistics 2017: World fuel ethanol production”,  http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resources/industry/statistics/, viewed 4 April 2018; other country ethanol production data from IEA, Oil Market Report 2018 (Paris: 2018), pp. 133-134, https://webstore.iea.org/market-report-series-oil-2018. Biodiesel production from US EIA, op. cit. this note, Table 10.4; Brazil Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, “Dados estatísticos”, http://www.anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos; Argentine Ministry of Energy and Mines, “Energy Market Statistics”, resumen biodiesel, www.energia.gob.ar/contenidos/archivos/Reorganizacion/informacion_del_mercado/mercado/hidrocarburos/bio/estadisticas_biocombustibles.xls, viewed 29 April 2018; other country ethanol production data from IEA, Oil Market Report 2018, op. cit. this note, pp. 133-134. HVO production assumes an estimated 10% increase relative to 2016 and is based on a review of the production increases for some of the major producers of HVO/HEFA. For example at Neste, the largest producer, production increased from 88% to 98% of its production capacity of 2.6 million tonnes during 2017, from Neste, Neste Annual Reports for 2016 and 2017 (Helsinki: 2018), https://www.neste.com/en/corporate-info/news-media/material-uploads/annual-reports-0)."]

{"sheet":"R2","index":98,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":22}
["Table of Contents","Table R2: Renewable Power Capacity, World and Top Regions/Countries, 2017"]
[]
[null,null,"World Total","BRICS2","EU-28","China","United States","Germany","India","Japan","United Kingdom"]
[null,"Technology","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)","(GW)"]
[null,"Bio-power",122,40,40,"14.9","16.7",8,"8.5","3.6",6]
[null,"Geothermal power","12.8","0.1","0.8","~0","2.5","~0",0,"0.5",0]
[null,"Hydropower",1114,507,124,313,80,"5.6",45,23,"1.9"]
[null,"Ocean power","0.5","~0","0.2","~0","~0",0,0,0,"~0"]
[null,"Solar PV3",402,152,108,131,51,42,"18.3",49,"12.7"]
[null,"Concentrating solar thermal power (CSP)","4.9","0.5","2.3","~0","1.7","~0","0.2",0,0]
[null,"Wind power",539,236,169,188,89,56,33,"3.4","18.9"]
[null,"Total renewable power capacity (including hydropower)",2195,936,443,647,241,112,106,79,39]
[null,"Total renewable power capacity (not including hydropower",1081,429,320,334,161,107,61,57,38]
[null,"Per capita capacity (kilowatts per inhabitant, not including hydropower)","0.1","0.1","0.6","0.2","0.5","1.3","0.05","0.4","0.6"]
[]
[null,"1 Table shows the top six countries by total renewable power capacity not including hydropower; if hydropower were included, countries and rankings would differ somewhat (the top six would be China, the United States, Brazil, Germany, India and Canada)."]
[null,"2 The five BRICS countries are Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa."]
[null,"3 Solar PV data are in direct current (DC). See Methodological Notes for more information."]
[]
[null,"Note: Global total reflects additional countries not shown. Numbers are based on the best data available at the time of production. To account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data, numbers are rounded to the nearest 1 GW, with the exception of the following: capacity totals below 20 GW and per capita totals are rounded to the nearest decimal point (except for India, which is rounded to the nearest 0.01 kW). Where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding. Capacity amounts of <50 MW (including pilot projects) are designated by “~0.” For more precise capacity data, see Global Overview chapter and Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes. Numbers should not be compared with prior versions of this table to obtain year-by-year increases, as some adjustments are due to improved or adjusted data rather than to actual capacity changes. Hydropower totals, and therefore the total world renewable capacity (and totals for some countries), reflect an effort to omit pure pumped storage capacity. For more information on hydropower and pumped storage, see Methodological Notes."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 2 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R2 from the following sources: For all global data, see endnote 1 for this section and other relevant reference tables. For more-specific data and sources, see Global Overview chapter and Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes. For sources for BRICS, EU and individual countries, see endnote for Figure X in Global Overview chapter. Per capita data are based on capacity data provided in Reference Table R2 and on 2016 country population data from World Bank, “Population, total,” World Development Indicators , http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL, updated 1 March 2018."]

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["Table of Contents","Table R3: Renewable Energy Targets, Share of Primary or Final Energy and Progress, End-2015"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, and text in italics indicates policies adopted at the state/provincial level."]
[]
[null,null,"Primary Energy",null,"Final Energy"]
[null,"Country","Share","Target","Share","Target"]
[null,"EU-28",{"v":0.133,"d":"13.3%"},null,{"v":0.17,"d":"17%"},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Afghanistan",null,null,{"v":0.1842,"d":"18%"},"10% (no date given)"]
[null,"Albania",{"v":0.3441,"d":"34.4%"},"18% by 20201",{"v":0.386,"d":"39%"},"38% by 2020"]
[null,"Algeria",null,null,{"v":0.0006,"d":"0.1%"},"37% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":5},"[40% by 2030]"]
[null,"Armenia",{"v":0.124,"d":"12.4%"},"21% by 2020",{"v":0.1579,"d":"15.8%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"26% by 2025"]
[null,"Austria2","30.1% (2016)",null,{"v":0.3439,"d":"34%"},"45% by 2020"]
[null,"Azerbaijan",{"v":0.018,"d":"1.8%"},null,{"v":0.0231,"d":"2.3%"}]
[null,"Bangladesh",{"v":0.248,"d":"24.8%"},null,{"v":0.3475,"d":"34.8%"},"10% by 20201"]
[null,"Belarus",{"v":0.055,"d":"5.5%"},null,{"v":0.0677,"d":"6.8%"},"32% by 2020"]
[null,"Belgium","6.68% (2016)","9.7% by 2020",{"v":0.092,"d":"9%"},"13% by 2020"]
[null,"Wallonia",{"$nulls":3},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Benin",{"v":0.5959,"d":"59.6%"},null,{"v":0.5086,"d":"50.9%"},"25% by 20251"]
[null,"Bosnia and Herzegovina",{"v":0.249,"d":"24.9%"},null,{"v":0.4075,"d":"40.8%"},"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.403,"d":"40.3%"},null,{"v":0.4379,"d":"43.8%"},"45% by 2030"]
[null,"Bulgaria",{"v":0.107,"d":"10.7%"},null,{"v":0.1765,"d":"17.7%"},"16% by 2020"]
[null,"Burundi",null,null,{"v":0.9568,"d":"96%"},"2.1% by 20201"]
[null,"China3",{"v":0.084,"d":"8.4%"},"15% by 2020; \n20% by 2030 ",{"v":0.1241,"d":"12.4%"}]
[null,"Côte d’Ivoire","3% (2016)","15% by 2020",{"v":0.6453,"d":"64.5%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"20% by 2030"]
[null,"Croatia",{"v":0.233,"d":"23.30%"},null,{"v":0.3313,"d":"33%"},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Cyprus",{"v":0.0727,"d":"7.3%"},null,{"v":0.0994,"d":"9.9%"},"13% by 2020"]
[null,"Czech Republic2","10.47% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1483,"d":"15%"},"13.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Denmark","29.97% (2016)",null,{"v":0.3317,"d":"33%"},"35% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":5},"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Djibouti",null,"17% by 2035",{"v":0.1538,"d":"15.4%"}]
[null,"Egypt",{"v":0.0383,"d":"3.8%"},"14% by 2020",{"v":0.0571,"d":"5.7%"}]
[null,"Estonia","17.56% (2016)",null,{"v":0.2748,"d":"27.5%"},"25% by 2020"]
[null,"Fiji",null,null,{"v":0.3126,"d":"31.3%"},"23% by 2030"]
[null,"Finland","31.2% (2016)",null,{"v":0.4324,"d":"43.2%"},"38% by 20201"]
[{"$nulls":5},"40% by 20251"]
[null,"France","9.6% (2016)",null,{"v":0.135,"d":"14%"},"23% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":5},"32% by 2030"]
[null,"Gabon",{"v":0.767,"d":"76.7%"},null,{"v":0.8201,"d":"82.0%"},"80% by 2020"]
[null,"Germany2","12.71% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1421,"d":"14%"},"18% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":5},"30% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":5},"45% by 2040"]
[{"$nulls":5},"60% by 2050"]
[null,"Ghana",{"v":0.425,"d":"42.5%"},null,{"v":0.4141,"d":"41.4%"},"Increase by 10% by 2030 (base year 2010)"]
[null,"Greece2","12.1% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1717,"d":"17%"},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Grenada",null,"20% by 2020",{"v":0.1092,"d":"10.9%"}]
[null,"Guatemala",{"v":0.63,"d":"63.0%"},null,{"v":0.6365,"d":"63.7%"},"80% by 2026"]
[null,"Guinea",null,null,{"v":0.7627,"d":"76.3%"},"30% by 2030"]
[null,"Guyana",null,null,{"v":0.2526,"d":"25.3%"},"20% by 2025"]
[null,"Hungary2","11.45% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1556,"d":"16%"},"14.65% by 2020"]
[null,"Iceland","89.5% (2016)",null,{"v":0.7703,"d":"77%"},"64% by 2020"]
[null,"Indonesia","6% (2016)","23% by 2025 \n",{"v":0.3688,"d":"36.9%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"31% by 2050"]
[null,"Ireland","7.9% (2016)",null,{"v":0.0908,"d":"9.1%"},"16% by 2020"]
[null,"Israel","2.4% (2016)",null,{"v":0.0371,"d":"3.7%"},"13% by 2025"]
[{"$nulls":5},"17% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":5},"[10% by 2020]"]
[null,"Italy","17.4% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1652,"d":"17%"},"17% by 2020"]
[null,"Jamaica",{"v":0.1862,"d":"18.6%"},null,{"v":0.1677,"d":"16.8%"},"20% by 2030"]
[null,"Japan","4.83% (2016)","14% by 2030",{"v":0.063,"d":"6.3%"}]
[null,"Jordan",{"v":0.0209,"d":"2.1%"},"10% by 2020",{"v":0.0277,"d":"2.8%"},"11% by 2025"]
[null,"Korea, Republic of","1.71% (2016)","6.1% by 2020",{"v":0.0271,"d":"2.7%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"11% by 2030"]
[null,"Kosovo4",null,null,{"v":0.2045,"d":"20.5%"},"25% by 2020"]
[null,"Lao PDR",null,null,{"v":0.5932,"d":"59.3%"},"30% by 20251"]
[null,"Latvia","39.1% (2016)",null,{"v":0.381,"d":"38%"},"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Lebanon",null,null,{"v":0.0365,"d":"3.7%"},"15% by 2030 \n[12% by 2020]"]
[null,"Liberia","5% (2016)","30% by 2030",null,"10% by 2030"]
[null,"Libya",null,"10% by 2020",{"v":0.0197,"d":"2.0%"}]
[null,"Lithuania",{"v":0.196,"d":"19.6%"},"20% by 2025",{"v":0.2896,"d":"29%"},"23% by 2020"]
[null,"Luxembourg","5.6% (2016)",null,{"v":0.0903,"d":"9%"},"11% by 2020"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR",{"v":0.157,"d":"15.7%"},null,{"v":0.2422,"d":"24%"},"28% by 2020"]
[null,"Madagascar",null,null,{"v":0.7017,"d":"70.2%"},"54% by 20201"]
[null,"Malawi",null,"7% by 2020",{"v":0.8365,"d":"83.7%"}]
[null,"Mali",null,"15% by 2020",{"v":0.6153,"d":"61.5%"}]
[null,"Malta",{"v":0.032,"d":"3.2%"},null,{"v":0.0536,"d":"5%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Mauritania",null,"20% by 2020",{"v":0.3216,"d":"32.2%"}]
[null,"Moldova",{"v":0.103,"d":"10.3%"},"20% by 2020",{"v":0.1427,"d":"14.3%"},"17% by 2020"]
[null,"Mongolia",{"v":0.032,"d":"3.2%"},"20–25% by 2020",{"v":0.0343,"d":"3.4%"}]
[null,"Montenegro",{"v":0.306,"d":"30.6%"},null,{"v":0.43,"d":"43%"},"33% by 20201"]
[null,"Nepal",{"v":0.841,"d":"84.1%"},"10% by 20301",{"v":0.8526,"d":"85.3%"}]
[null,"Netherlands2","4.9% (2016)",null,{"v":0.0589,"d":"6%"},"14% by 2020"]
[null,"Niger",{"v":0.747,"d":"74.7%"},"10% by 20201",{"v":0.7894,"d":"78.9%"}]
[null,"Norway","49.2% (2016)",null,{"v":0.5777,"d":"58%"},"67.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Palau",null,"20% by 2020",{"v":0,"d":"0.0%"}]
[null,"Palestine, State of",{"$nulls":3},"25% by 2020"]
[null,"Panama",{"v":0.211,"d":"21.1%"},"30% by 2050",{"v":0.2123,"d":"21.2%"}]
[null,"Poland","8.5% (2016)","12% by 2020",{"v":0.1191,"d":"12%"},"15.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Portugal","24.3% (2016)",null,{"v":0.2716,"d":"27%"},"40% by 2030 \n31% by 2020"]
[null,"Romania",{"v":0.1872,"d":"18.7%"},null,{"v":0.237,"d":"24%"},"24% by 2020"]
[null,"Samoa",null,"20% by 2030",{"v":0.3432,"d":"34.3%"}]
[null,"Serbia",{"v":0.1309,"d":"13.1%"},null,{"v":0.2117,"d":"21.2%"},"27% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovak Republic","9.68% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1341,"d":"13%"},"14% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovenia","16.75% (2016)",null,{"v":0.2088,"d":"21%"},"25% by 2020"]
[null,"Spain2","14.60% (2016)",null,{"v":0.1625,"d":"16%"},"20.8% by 2020"]
[null,"St. Lucia",null,"20% by 2020",{"v":0.0213,"d":"2.1%"}]
[null,"Sweden2","36.96% (2016)","100% by 2040",{"v":0.5325,"d":"53%"},"50% by 2020"]
[null,"Switzerland","22.3% (2016)","24% by 2020",{"v":0.2529,"d":"25.3%"}]
[null,"Syria",{"v":0.0041,"d":"0.4%"},"4.3% by 2030",{"v":0.0052,"d":"0.5%"}]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":0.192,"d":"19.2%"},null,{"v":0.2286,"d":"22.9%"},"30% by 2036 \n25% by 2021"]
[null,"Togo",{"v":0.789,"d":"78.9%"},null,{"v":0.7126,"d":"71.3%"},"4% (no date)1"]
[null,"Ukraine",{"v":0.03,"d":"3.0%"},"18% by 2030",{"v":0.0414,"d":"4.1%"},"11% by 2020\n25% by 2035"]
[null,"United Arab Emirates",{"v":0.0016,"d":"0.2%"},null,{"v":1.4E-3,"d":"0.1%"},"24% by 2021"]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":0.082,"d":"8.2%"},null,{"v":0.0871,"d":"8.7%"},"15% by 2020"]
[null,"Uzbekistan",{"v":0.024,"d":"2.4%"},null,{"v":0.0297,"d":"3.0%"},"16% by 2030                                  19% by 2050"]
[null,"Vanuatu",null,null,{"v":0.3611,"d":"36.1%"},"65% by 2020"]
[null,"Vietnam",{"v":0.276,"d":"27.6%"},"5% by 2020",{"v":0.35,"d":"35.0%"}]
[{"$nulls":3},"8% by 2025"]
[{"$nulls":3},"11% by 2050"]
[]
[null,"1 Targets may exclude large-scale hydropower and/or traditional biomass. \"Large-scale hydropower\" is defined as more than 10 MW of installed capacity, but the definition varies by country."]
[null,"2 Final energy targets by 2020 for all EU-28 countries are set under EU Directive 2009/28/EC. The governments of Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Spain and Sweden have set higher targets, which are shown here. The government of the Netherlands has reduced its more ambitious target to the level set in the EU Directive."]
[null,"3 The Chinese target is for share of “non-fossil” energy. All targets include nuclear power."]
[null,"4 Kosovo is not a member of the United Nations."]
[]
[null,"Note: Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In\nmany of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable energy for the country. Some countries shown have other types of\ntargets (see Reference Tables R4-R10)."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 3 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R3 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; share of final energy from World Bank, \"Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)\", https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, viewed 16 May 2018; share of primary energy from OECD, \"Renewable energy\", https://data.oecd.org/energy/renewable-energy.htm, viewed 16 May 2018; share of primary energy for Côte d’Ivoire, Indonesia and Liberia from Climatescope 2017, \"Result\", http://global-climatescope.org/en/results/, viewed 17 May 2018; target for Indonesia from IRENA, Renewable Energy Prospects: Indonesia (Paris, France: 2017), https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2017/Mar/IRENA_REmap_Indonesia_report_2017.pdf; target for Panama from Climatescope 2017, \"Panama Renewable Energy Target\", http://global-climatescope.org/en/policies/#/policy/4990, viewed 17 May 2018; target for Sweden from Goverment Offices of Sweden, \"Government making broad investments in energy\", 21 September 2017."]

{"sheet":"R4","index":100,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":12,"merged":[[3,1,4,1],[5,1,7,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R4: Renewable Energy Targets, Technology-Specific Share of Primary or Final Energy"]
[]
[null,"Country","Technology","Target"]
[null,"Indonesia","Hydropower, solar PV, wind power","1.4% share in primary energy (combined) by 2025"]
[null,null,"Biofuels","10.2% biofuel share of primary energy by 2025"]
[null,"Spain","Bioenergy from solid biomass, biogas and organic MSW1","5.8% of final energy by 2020"]
[null,null,"Liquid biofuels","2.7% of final energy by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","2.9% of final energy by 2020"]
[]
[null,"1 It is not always possible to determine whether data for municipal solid waste (MSW) include non-organic waste (plastics, metal, etc.) or only the organic biomass share."]
[null,"Source ","See endnote 4 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R4 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2016), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"R5","index":101,"n_rows":69,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":69,"merged":[[20,1,23,1],[45,1,46,1],[49,1,53,1],[55,1,58,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R5: Renewable Heating and Cooling Targets and Progress, End-2016"]
[]
[null,"Country","Progress 2015","Target"]
[null,"Austria",{"v":0.333,"d":"33%"},"32.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Belgium",{"v":0.081,"d":"8.1%"},"11.9% by 2020"]
[null,"Bhutan",null,"Solar thermal: 3 MW equivalent by 2025"]
[null,"Bulgaria",{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},"24% renewables in total heating and cooling by 2020"]
[null,"China","462.9 million m2 (2016)","Solar thermal: 800 million m2 by 2020"]
[null,"Croatia",{"v":0.376,"d":"38%"},"19.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Cyprus",{"v":0.23,"d":"23%"},"23.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Czech Republic",{"v":0.199,"d":"20%"},"14.1% by 2020"]
[null,"Denmark",{"v":0.417,"d":"42%"},"39.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Estonia",{"v":0.512,"d":"51%"},"38% by 2020"]
[null,"Finland",{"v":0.537,"d":"54%"},"47% by 2020"]
[null,"France",{"v":0.211,"d":"21%"},"38% by 2030"]
[null,"Germany",{"v":0.13,"d":"13%"},"14% by 2020"]
[null,"Greece",{"v":0.245,"d":"25%"},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Hungary",{"v":0.208,"d":"21%"},"18.9% by 2020"]
[null,"India","6.7 GWth (2016)","Solar water heating: 5.6 GWth (8 million m2) of new capacity to be added 2012-2017; achieve 14 GWth (20 million m²) by 2022"]
[null,"Ireland",{"v":0.068,"d":"6.8%"},"15% by 2020"]
[null,"Italy",{"v":0.189,"d":"19%"},"17.1% by 2020"]
[null,null,"6,320 ktoe","Bioenergy: 5,670 ktoe for heating and cooling by 2020"]
[null,null,"207 ktoe (2016)","Geothermal: 300 ktoe for heating and cooling by 2020"]
[null,null,"231.3 ktoe (2016)","Solar water and space heating: 1,586 ktoe by 2020"]
[null,"Jordan","0.882 GWth (2015)","Solar water heating: systems for 30% of households by 2020"]
[null,"Kenya",null,"Solar water heating: 60% of annual demand for buildings that use over 100 litres of hot water per day (no date)"]
[null,"Kosovo1",null,"45.65% by 2020"]
[null,"Latvia",{"v":0.519,"d":"52%"},"53.4% by 2020"]
[null,"Lebanon",null,"15% renewables in gross final consumption in power and heating by 2030"]
[null,"Libya",null,"Solar water heating: 80 MWth by 2015; 250 MWth by 2020"]
[null,"Lithuania",{"v":0.465,"d":"47%"},"39% by 2020"]
[null,"Luxembourg",{"v":0.073,"d":"7.3%"},"8.5% renewables in gross final consumption in heating and cooling by 2020"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR",{"v":0.317,"d":"32%"},"11% by 2020"]
[null,"Malawi","n/a","Solar water heating: produce 2,000 solar water heaters; increase total installed to 20,000 by 2030 "]
[null,"Malta",{"v":0.153,"d":"15%"},"6.2% by 2020"]
[null,"Mexico","3.4 million m2","Solar water heating: install 18.2 million m2 of collectors by 2027"]
[null,"Moldova",null,"27% by 2020"]
[null,"Montenegro",{"v":0.692,"d":"69%"},"38.2% by 2020"]
[null,"Morocco","0.316 GWth (2015)","Solar water heating: 1.2 GWth (1.7 million m2) by 2020"]
[null,"Mozambique","0.001 GWth  (2015)","Solar water and space heating: 100,000 systems installed in rural areas (no date)"]
[null,"Netherlands",{"v":0.055,"d":"5.5%"},"8.7% by 2020"]
[null,"Poland",{"v":0.147,"d":"15%"},"17% by 2020"]
[null,"Portugal",{"v":0.351,"d":"35%"},"30.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Romania",{"v":0.269,"d":"27%"},"22% by 2020"]
[null,"Serbia",{"v":0.242,"d":"24%"},"30% by 2020"]
[null,"Sierra Leone",null,"Solar water heating: 2% penetration in hotels, guest houses and restaurants by 2020; 5% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"Solar water heating: 1% penetration in the residential sector by 2030"]
[null,"Slovak Republic",{"v":0.099,"d":"9.9%"},"14.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovenia",{"v":0.34,"d":"34%"},"30.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Spain",{"v":0.168,"d":"17%"},"18.9% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"Bioenergy: 4,653 ktoe by 2020"]
[null,null,"8.24 ktoe (2016)","Geothermal: 9.5 ktoe by 2020"]
[null,null,"352.9 ktoe","Heat pumps: 50.8 ktoe by 2020"]
[null,null,"224 ktoe (2016)","Solar water and space heating: 644 ktoe by 2020"]
[null,"Sweden",{"v":0.686,"d":"69%"},"62.1% by 2020"]
[null,"Thailand","6,573 ktoe for heating","Bioenergy: 8,200 ktoe by 2022"]
[null,null,"495 ktoe for heating","Biogas: 1,000 ktoe by 2022"]
[null,null,"88 ktoe for heating","Organic MSW2: 35 ktoe by 2022"]
[null,null,"11.3 ktoe (2016)","Solar water heating: 300,000 systems in operation and 100 ktoe by 2022"]
[null,"Uganda",null,"Solar water heating: 21 MWth (30,000 m2) by 2017"]
[null,"Ukraine",null,"12.4% by 2020"]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"},"12% by 2020"]
[]
[null,"1 Kosovo is not a member of the United Nations."]
[null,"2  It is not always possible to determine whether municipal solid waste (MSW) data include non-organic waste (plastics, metal, etc.) or only the organic biomass share."]
[]
[null,"Note: Targets refer to share of renewable heating and cooling in total energy supply unless otherwise noted. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2016. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable heat for the country. Table R23 includes targets established under EU National Renewable Energy Action Plans. As calculation of heating and cooling shares is not standardised across countries, the table presents a variety of targets for the purpose of general comparison."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 5 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R5 from the following sources: REN21 database compiled from all available policy references plus submissions from report contributors. EU targets and shares from EUROSTAT, op. cit. note 4. Targets for the EU-28 and Energy Community countries were set in each country’s National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP). Certain NREAP targets have been revised subsequently. Solar thermal data for end of year 2016 from Weiss and Spörk-Dür, op. cit. note 1; solar thermal data for end of year 2015 from Werner Weiss, Monika Spörk-Dür and Franz Mauthner, Solar Heat Worldwide. Markets and Contribution to the Energy Supply 2015 (Gleisdorf, Austria: IEA SHC, 2017), http://www. aee-intec.at/0uploads/dateien1255.pdf; Italy bioenergy data from Heat Road Map, \"2015 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in Italy\", presentation, October 2017, http://www.heatroadmap. eu/resources/HRE4-Country_presentation-Italy.pdf; Italy geothermal data from World Energy Council, \"Data\", https:// www.worldenergy.org/data/resources/country/italy/geothermal/, viewed 18 May 2018; Spain geothermal data from World Energy Council, \"Data\", https://www.worldenergy.org/data/resources/ country/spain/geothermal/, viewed 18 May 2018; Spain heat pumps data from EUROSTAT, op. cit. note 4, \"SHARES 2016 results\"; Thailand from Sirintornthep Towprayoon, Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Thonburi Thailand, \"Current status of renewable energy in Thailand: waste-to-energy\", presentation, 3 June 2016, http://www.sti.or.th/uploads/news_pdf/76-JGSEE_Sirintornthep_ Towprayoon.pdf."]

{"sheet":"R6","index":102,"n_rows":59,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":59,"merged":[[41,1,43,1],[41,2,43,2],[46,1,48,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R6: Renewable Transport Targets and Progress, End-2016"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, brackets '[]' indicate previous targets where new targets were enacted, and text in italics indicates policies adopted at the state/provincial level."]
[]
[null,"Country","Share (2016)","Target"]
[null,"EU-28",{"v":0.071,"d":"7.1%"},"10% of EU-wide transport final energy demand by 2020"]
[null,"Albania",{"v":0,"d":"0.0%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Austria",{"v":0.106,"d":"11%"},"11.4% by 2020"]
[null,"Belgium",{"v":0.059,"d":"5.9%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Wallonia",null,"10.14% by 2020"]
[null,"Bulgaria",{"v":0.073,"d":"7.3%"},"11% by 2020"]
[null,"Croatia",{"v":0.013,"d":"1.3%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Cyprus",{"v":0.027,"d":"2.7%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Czech Republic",{"v":0.064,"d":"6.4%"},"10.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Denmark",{"v":0.068,"d":"6.8%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Estonia",{"v":0.004,"d":"0.4%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Finland",{"v":0.084,"d":"8%"},"30% biofuel blending and 40% renewable transport fuel use by 2030"]
[null,"France",{"v":0.089,"d":"8.9%"},"15% by 2020 "]
[null,"Germany",{"v":0.052,"d":"5.2%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Greece",{"v":0.014,"d":"1.4%"},"10.1% by 2020"]
[null,"Hungary",{"v":0.074,"d":"7.4%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Iceland",{"v":0.072,"d":"7.2%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Ireland",{"v":0.05,"d":"5.0%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Italy",{"v":0.072,"d":"7.2%"},"10.1% (2,899 ktoe) by 2020"]
[null,"Latvia",{"v":0.028,"d":"2.8%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Liberia",null,"5% palm oil blends in transport fuel by 2030"]
[null,"Lithuania",{"v":0.036,"d":"3.6%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Luxembourg",{"v":0.059,"d":"5.9%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Malta",{"v":0.054,"d":"5.4%"},"10.7% by 2020"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR",{"v":1E-3,"d":"0.1%"},"2% by 2020"]
[null,"Moldova",null,"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Montenegro",{"v":0.011,"d":"1.1%"},"10.2% by 2020"]
[null,"Netherlands",{"v":0.046,"d":"4.6%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Norway",{"v":0.17,"d":"17.0%"},"20% by 2020 "]
[null,"Poland",{"v":0.039,"d":"3.9%"},"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Portugal",{"v":0.075,"d":"7.5%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Qatar",null,"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Romania",{"v":0.062,"d":"6.2%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Serbia",{"v":0.012,"d":"1.2%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovak Republic",{"v":0.075,"d":"7.5%"},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovenia",{"v":0.016,"d":"1.6%"},"10.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Spain",{"v":0.053,"d":"5.3%"},"11.3% from biodiesel by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"2,313 ktoe ethanol/bio-ETBE1 by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"4.7 GWh per year electricity in transport by 2020 (501 ktoe from renewable sources by 2020)"]
[null,"Sri Lanka",null,"20% from biofuels by 2020"]
[null,"Sweden",{"v":0.303,"d":"30%"},"Vehicle fleet independent from fossil fuels by 2030"]
[null,"Thailand",null,"9 million litres per day ethanol consumption by 2022"]
[{"$nulls":3},"6 million litres per day biodiesel consumption by 2022"]
[{"$nulls":3},"25 million litres per day advanced biofuels production by 2022"]
[null,"Uganda",null,"2,200 million litres per year biofuels consumption by 2017"]
[null,"Ukraine",null,"10% by 2020"]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":0.049,"d":"4.9%"},"10.3% by 2020"]
[null,"Vietnam",null,"5% of transport petroleum energy demand by 2025"]
[]
[null,"1 ETBE is a form of biofuel produced from ethanol and isobutylene."]
[]
[null,"Note: Targets refer to share of renewable transport in total energy supply unless otherwise noted. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2017. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable energy for the country. "]
[null,"Source","See endnote 6 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R6 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2016), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"R7","index":103,"n_rows":72,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":72,"merged":[[4,2,4,4]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R7: Renewable Transport Mandates at the National/State/Provincial Levels, End-2017"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, brackets '[]' indicate previous mandates where new mandates were enacted, and text in italics indicates mandates adopted at the state/provincial level."]
[]
[null,null,"Biofuel Blend Mandates",null,null,"Other Transport Mandates"]
[null,"Country","Existing Biodiesel Blend Mandate (% Biodiesel)","Existing Ethanol Blend Mandate (% Ethanol)","Biofuel Mandate by Future Year"]
[null,"Angola",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Argentina",{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},"12% [10%]"]
[null,"Australia"]
[null,"New South Wales",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,"Queensland",{"v":0.005,"d":"1%"},{"v":0.03,"d":"3%"},"E4 by July 2018 and B0.5"]
[null,"Belgium",{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"},{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"}]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.08,"d":"8%"},{"v":0.275,"d":"28%"},"B9 by 2018 and B10 by 2019"]
[null,"Canada",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Alberta",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"British Columbia",{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Manitoba",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.085,"d":"9%"}]
[null,"Ontario",{"v":0.04,"d":"4%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Saskatchewan",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.075,"d":"8%"}]
[null,"China1",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Taipei",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"}]
[null,"Colombia",{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},{"v":0.08,"d":"8%"}]
[null,"Costa Rica",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,"Denmark",null,null,"0.9% advanced biofuels from waste materials by 2020"]
[null,"Ecuador",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Ethiopia",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"France",{"$nulls":3},"Ban sale of all diesel and petrol cars and vans by 2040"]
[null,"Guatemala",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"India",{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},{"v":0.225,"d":"23%"}]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},{"v":0.03,"d":"3%"}]
[null,"Italy",null,null,"0.6% advanced biofuels blend by 2018; 1% by 2022"]
[null,"Jamaica",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Korea, Republic of",{"v":0.025,"d":"3%"},null,"B3 by 2018 "]
[null,"Malawi",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Malaysia",{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Mexico2",null,"10% [5.8%]"]
[null,"Mozambique",null,{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},"E20 from 2021"]
[null,"New Zealand",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"},null,null,"Maximum methanol blend of 3%"]
[null,"Norway",{"v":0.035,"d":"4%"},null,"E20 by 2020"]
[null,"Panama",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},null,"30% of new vehicle purchases for public fleets to be flex-fuel (no date)"]
[null,"Paraguay",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"}]
[null,"Peru",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.078,"d":"8%"}]
[null,"Philippines",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Romania",null,"8% [4.5]"]
[null,"Slovenia",{"$nulls":3},"100% of heavy duty trucks to run on biodiesel and 12% of vans and trucks to be electric by 2030"]
[null,"South Africa",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"}]
[null,"Sudan",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Turkey",null,{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"}]
[null,"Ukraine",null,{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"}]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"$nulls":3},"Ban sale of all diesel and petrol cars and vans by 2040"]
[null,"Scotland",{"$nulls":3},"Sales of all diesel and petrol cars and vans banned by 2040"]
[null,"United States",{"$nulls":3},"Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) 2018 standards: 68.6 billion litres total renewable fuels, including 1.1 million litres cellulosic biofuel, 7.9 billion litres biomass-based diesel, 16.2 billion litres advanced biofuel3"]
[null,"Hawaii, Missouri and Montana",null,{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Louisiana",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"}]
[null,"Massachusetts",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Minnesota",{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},"B20 as of May 2019 "]
[null,"New Mexico",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Oregon",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"}]
[null,"Pennsylvania",null,null,"E10 one year after 1.3 billion litres (350 million gallons) produced; B5 one year after 379 million litres (100 million gallons) produced, B10 one year after 757 million litres (200 millon gallons) produced, and B20 one year after 1.5 billion litres (400 million gallons) produced3"]
[null,"Washington",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"B5 180 days after in-state feedstock, and oil-seed crushing capacity can meet 3% requirement "]
[null,"Uruguay",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Vietnam",null,{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"}]
[null,"Zimbabwe",null,"10% [5%]"]
[]
[null,"1 E10 mandates exist in nine Chinese provinces, including Anhui, Heilongjian, Henan, Jilin and Liaoning."]
[null,"2 Mexico's E10 maximum blend was subsequently halted in response to several court cases challenging the increase."]
[null,"3 Original target(s) set in gallons and converted to litres for consistency.  "]
[]
[null,"Note: ‘E’ refers to bioethanol and ‘B’ refers to biodiesel. Chile has targets of E5 and B5 but has no current blending mandate. The Dominican Republic has targets of B2 and E15 for 2015 but has no current blending mandate. Fiji approved voluntary B5 and E10 blending in 2011 with a mandate expected. The Kenyan city of Kisumu has an E10 mandate. Table RXX lists only transport mandates; transport and biofuel targets can be found in Table RXX."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 7 for this section. "]
[null,null,"Table R7 from the following sources: REN21 database;\nsubmissions by report contributors; various industry reports;\nEUROSTAT, op. cit. note 4.; I IEA/IRENA online Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures database and from Jim Lane, “Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2018”, Biofuels\nDigest, 1 January 2018, http://www.biofuelsdigest.com/\nbdigest/2018/01/01/biofuels-mandates-around-the-world-2018/."]

{"sheet":"R8","index":104,"n_rows":252,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":252}
["Table of Contents","Table R8: Renewable Power Targets, Share of Electricity Generation and Progress, End-2016"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, brackets '[]' indicate previous targets where new targets were enacted, and text in italics indicates policies adopted at the state/provincial level."]
[]
[null,"Country","Current Share","Target"]
[null,"EU-28",{"v":0.296,"d":"29.6%"}]
[null,"Afghanistan1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Algeria",null,"27% by 2030"]
[null,"Antigua and Barbuda",null,"5% by 2015"]
[{"$nulls":3},"10% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"15% by 2030"]
[null,"Argentina",null,"8% by 2018"]
[{"$nulls":3},"9% by 2019"]
[{"$nulls":3},"16% by 2021"]
[{"$nulls":3},"18% by 2023"]
[{"$nulls":3},"20% by 2025"]
[null,"Armenia",{"v":0.12,"d":"12%"},"40% by 2025"]
[null,"Aruba",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Australia",null,"23% by 2020 "]
[null,"South Australia",null,"50% by 2020"]
[null,"Tasmania",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Victoria",null,"20% by 2020\n40% by 2025"]
[null,"Austria",{"v":0.726,"d":"73%"},"70.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Azerbaijan",null,"20% by 2020"]
[null,"Bahamas, The",null,"15% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"30% by 2030"]
[null,"Bahrain",null,"5% by 2030"]
[null,"Bangladesh1",null,"10% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Barbados1",null,"65% by 2030 \n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Belgium",{"v":0.158,"d":"16%"},"20.9% by 2020"]
[null,"Belize",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},"85% by 2017 "]
[null,"Bhutan1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Bolivia",null,"79% by 2030"]
[null,"Brazil2",null,"23% by 2030"]
[null,"Brunei Darussalam",null,"10% by 2035"]
[null,"Bulgaria",{"v":0.192,"d":"19%"},"20.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Burkina Faso1",null,"50% by 2025"]
[{"$nulls":3},"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Cabo Verde",null,"100% by 2025 \n[100% by 2035] \n[50% by 2020]"]
[null,"Cambodia1",null,"25% by 2035\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Cameroon",null,"25% by 2035"]
[null,"Canada3",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Alberta",null,"30% by 2030"]
[null,"British Columbia",null,"93% (no date given)"]
[null,"New Brunswick",null,"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Nova Scotia",null,"25% by 2015 "]
[{"$nulls":3},"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Saskatchewan",null,"50% by 2030"]
[null,"Chile",{"v":0.16,"d":"16.0%"},"20% by 2025"]
[null,"China",null,"27% by 2020"]
[null,"Taipei",{"v":0.045,"d":"4.5%"},"9% by 2020\n20% by 2025"]
[null,"Colombia1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Comoros1",null,"43% by 2030\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Congo, Democratic Republic of1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Congo, Republic of",null,"85% by 2025"]
[null,"Costa Rica",{"v":0.98,"d":"98.0%"},"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Côte d’Ivoire",null,"42% by 2020"]
[null,"Croatia",{"v":0.467,"d":"47%"},"39% by 2020"]
[null,"Cuba",{"v":0.04,"d":"4.0%"},"24% by 2030"]
[null,"Cyprus",{"v":0.086,"d":"8.6%"},"16% by 2020"]
[null,"Czech Republic",{"v":0.136,"d":"13.6%"},"14.3% by 2020"]
[null,"Denmark4",{"v":0.537,"d":"54%"},"50% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Djibouti",null,"35% by 2035"]
[null,"Dominica",null,"100% (no date)"]
[null,"Dominican Republic1",{"v":0.12,"d":"12%"},"25% by 2025\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Ecuador",null,"90% by 2017 [85% by 2017]"]
[null,"Egypt",null,"20% by 2022 \n[20% by 2020]"]
[null,"Eritrea",null,"70% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"[50% (no date)]"]
[null,"Estonia",{"v":0.155,"d":"16%"},"17.6% by 2020"]
[null,"Ethiopia1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Fiji",null,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Finland",{"v":0.329,"d":"33%"},"33% by 2020"]
[null,"France",{"v":0.192,"d":"19%"},"40% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"27% by 2020"]
[null,"Gabon",null,"80% by 2025"]
[{"$nulls":3},"70% by 2020"]
[null,"Gambia1",null,"35% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Germany",{"v":0.322,"d":"32%"},"40-45% by 2025"]
[{"$nulls":3},"55-60% by 2035"]
[{"$nulls":3},"80% by 2050"]
[null,"Ghana1",null,"10% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Greece",{"v":0.238,"d":"24%"},"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Grenada1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Guatemala1",{"v":0.59,"d":"59%"},"80% by 2030 \n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau",null,"2% by 2015"]
[null,"Guyana",null,"90% (no date)"]
[null,"Haiti1",null,"47% by 2030\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Honduras1",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"60% by 2022"]
[{"$nulls":3},"80% by 2038\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Hungary",{"v":0.072,"d":"7.2%"},"10.9% by 2020"]
[null,"India5",null,"40% by 2030"]
[null,"Indonesia",null,"26% by 2025"]
[null,"Iraq",null,"10% by 2030"]
[null,"Ireland",{"v":0.272,"d":"27%"},"42.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Israel",null,"17% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Italy",{"v":0.34,"d":"34%"},"26% by 2020"]
[null,"Jamaica",null,"20% by 2030"]
[null,"Japan",null,"22-24% by 2030 "]
[null,"Jordan",null,"15% by 2015"]
[null,"Kazakhstan",null,"3% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"50% by 2030"]
[null,"Kenya1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Korea, Republic of",null,"5% by 2018 (4.5% by 2018)\n6% by 2019 (5% by 2019)\n7% by 2020 (6% by 2020)\n20% by 2030"]
[null,"Kiribati1",null,"3% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Kuwait",null,"10% (no date)"]
[null,"Latvia",{"v":0.513,"d":"51%"},"60% by 2020"]
[null,"Lebanon1",null,"12% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Liberia",null,"30% by 2021"]
[null,"Libya",null,"7% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"10% by 2025"]
[null,"Lithuania",{"v":0.168,"d":"17%"},"21% by 2020"]
[null,"Luxembourg",{"v":0.067,"d":"6.7%"},"11.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR",{"v":0.241,"d":"24%"},"24.7% by 2020"]
[null,"Madagascar1",null,"79% (no date)\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Malawi1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Malaysia",null,"9% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"11% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"15% by 2050"]
[null,"Maldives1",null,"16% by 2017\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Mali6",null,"10% by 2015"]
[{"$nulls":3},"25% by 2033"]
[null,"Malta",{"v":0.056,"d":"5.6%"},"3.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Marshall Islands1",null,"20% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Mauritius",null,"35% by 2025"]
[null,"Mexico",null,"35% by 2024"]
[{"$nulls":3},"37.7% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"50% by 2050"]
[null,"Moldova",null,"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Montenegro",{"v":0.51,"d":"51%"},"51.4% by 2020"]
[null,"Mongolia1",null,"20% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"30% by 2030\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Morocco1",null,"52% by 2030 \n[52% by 2039]\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Namibia",null,"70% by 2030"]
[null,"Nepal1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Netherlands",{"v":0.125,"d":"13%"},"37% by 2020"]
[null,"New Zealand",null,"90% by 2025"]
[null,"Cook Islands",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Niue",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Tokelau",null,"100% (no date)"]
[null,"Nicaragua",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"90% by 2027"]
[null,"Niger1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Nigeria7",null,"10% by 2020"]
[null,"Palau1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Palestine, State of1",null,"10% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Papua New Guinea",null,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Paraguay",null,"60% increase from 2014 to 2030"]
[null,"Peru",null,"60% by 2025"]
[null,"Philippines1",null,"40% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Poland",{"v":0.134,"d":"13%"},"19.3% by 2020"]
[null,"Portugal",{"v":0.541,"d":"54%"},"60% by 2020"]
[null,"Qatar",null,"2% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"20% by 2030"]
[null,"Romania",{"v":0.427,"d":"43%"},"43% by 2020"]
[null,"Russian Federation8",null,"4.5% by 2020"]
[null,"Altai Republic",null,"80% by 2020"]
[null,"Rwanda1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Samoa",null,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"São Tomé and Príncipe",null,"47% (no date)"]
[null,"Serbia",{"v":0.292,"d":"29%"},"37% by 2020"]
[null,"Senegal1",null,"20% by 2017\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Seychelles",null,"5% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"15% by 2030"]
[null,"Sierra Leone",null,"33% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"36% by 2030"]
[null,"Singapore",null,"8% (no date)"]
[null,"Slovak Republic",{"v":0.225,"d":"23%"},"24% by 2020"]
[null,"Slovenia",{"v":0.321,"d":"32%"},"39.3% by 2020"]
[null,"Solomon Islands",null,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"South Africa",null,"9% by 2030"]
[null,"South Sudan1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Spain",{"v":0.366,"d":"37%"},"38.1% by 2020"]
[null,"Sri Lanka1",null,"20% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[]
[null,"St. Lucia1",null,"35% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"St. Vincent and the Grenadines",null,"60% by 2020"]
[null,"Sudan1",null,"20% by 2030\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Sweden",{"v":0.649,"d":"65%"},"62.9% by 2020"]
[null,"Tajikistan",null,"10% (no date)"]
[null,"Tanzania1",null,"100% by 2050"]
[null,"Thailand9",null,"20% by 2036"]
[null,"Timor-Leste1",null,"50% by 2020\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Togo",null,"15% by 2020"]
[null,"Tonga",null,"50% by 2020"]
[null,"Tunisia1",null,"30% by 2030\n100% by 2050"]
[]
[null,"Turkey",null,"30% by 2023"]
[null,"Tuvalu",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Uganda",null,"61% by 2017"]
[null,"Ukraine",null,"11% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"20% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":3},"25% by 2035"]
[null,"United Arab Emirates",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Abu Dhabi",null,"7% by 2020"]
[null,"Dubai",null,"7% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"15% by 2030"]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"v":0.246,"d":"25%"},"No national target"]
[null,"Scotland",null,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"United States10",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Arizona",null,"15% by 2025"]
[null,"California",null,"33% by 2020\n50% by 2030"]
[null,"Colorado",null,"30% by 202011"]
[null,"Connecticut",null,"27% by 2020"]
[null,"Delaware",null,"25% by 2026"]
[null,"Hawaii",null,"100% by 2045"]
[{"$nulls":3},"25% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":3},"40% by 2030"]
[null,"Illinois",null,"25% by 2026 "]
[null,"Maine",null,"40% by 2017"]
[null,"Maryland",null,"25% by 2020 \n[20% by 2020]"]
[null,"Massachusetts",null,"15% by 2020 and an additional 1% each year thereafter"]
[null,"Michigan",null,"15% by 2021 \n[10% by 2015]"]
[null,"Minnesota",null,"26.5% by 2025 (IOUs) 11 \n31.5% by 2020 (Xcel) \n[25% by 2025 (other utilities)]"]
[null,"Missouri",null,"15% by 202111"]
[null,"Nevada",null,"25% by 2025"]
[null,"New Hampshire",null,"24.8% by 2025"]
[null,"New Jersey",null,"20.38% by 2020 and 4.1% solar by 2027"]
[null,"New Mexico",null,"20% by 2020 (IOUs)11\n10% by 2020 (co-ops)12"]
[null,"New York",null,"50% by 2030"]
[null,"North Carolina",null,"12.5% by 202111 \n10% by 2018 (co-ops)12"]
[null,"Ohio",null,"12.5% by 2026 \n[25% by 2024]"]
[null,"Oregon",null,"50% by 2040 \n[25% by 2025 (utilities with 3% or more of state’s load); 10% by 2025 (utilities with 1.5-3% of state’s load); 5% by 2025 (utilities with less than 1.5% of state’s load)]"]
[null,"Pennsylvania",null,"18% by 2021"]
[null,"Rhode Island",null,"38.5% by 2035 \n[16% by 2019]"]
[null,"Vermont",null,"55% by 2017, increasing by 4% every three years until reaching 75% by 2032 "]
[null,"Washington",null,"15% by 2020"]
[null,"District of Columbia",null,"50% by 2032 "]
[null,"Puerto Rico",null,"20% by 2035"]
[null,"U.S. Virgin Islands",null,"30% by 2025"]
[null,"Uzbekistan",{"v":0.126,"d":"12.6%"},"19.7% by 2025"]
[null,"Vanuatu",null,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Vietnam1",null,"7% by 2020 \n10% by 2030\n[5% by 2020]\n100% by 2050"]
[null,"Yemen1",null,"15% by 2025\n100% by 2050"]
[]
[null,"1 100% by 2050 target established by the Climate Vulnerable Forum."]
[null,"2 Brazil’s target excludes all hydropower."]
[null,"3 Canada's share excludes all hydropower."]
[null,"4 In March 2012, Denmark set a target of 50% electricity consumption supplied by wind power by 2020."]
[null,"5 India does not classify hydropower installations larger than 25 MW as renewable energy sources, so hydro >25 MW is excluded from national shares and targets. De facto sub-national targets have been set through existing RPS policies."]
[null,"6 Mali’s target excludes large-scale hydropower."]
[null,"7 Nigeria’s target excludes hydropower plants >30 MW."]
[null,"8 The Russian Federation’s targets exclude hydropower plants >25 MW."]
[null,"9 Thailand does not classify hydropower installations larger than 6 MW as renewable energy sources, so hydro >6 MW is excluded from national shares and targets."]
[null,"10 The United States does not have a renewable electricity target at the national level. De facto state-level targets have been set through existing RPS policies."]
[null,"11 RPS mandate is for Investor-owned utilities (IOUs), which are utilities operating under private control rather than government or co-operative operation."]
[null,"12 RPS mandate is for co-operative utilities."]
[]
[null,"Note: Unless otherwise noted, all targets and corresponding shares represent all renewables including hydropower. A number of state/provincial and local jurisdictions have additional targets not listed here. Historical targets have been added as they are identified by REN21. Only bolded targets are new/revised in 2016. A number of nations have already exceeded their renewable energy targets. In many of these cases, targets serve as a floor setting the minimum share of renewable electricity for the country. Some countries shown have other types of targets (see Tables R12-R22). See Policy Landscape chapter for more information about sub-national targets. Existing shares are indicative and may need adjusting if more accurate national statistics are published. Sources for reported data often do not specify the accounting method used; therefore, shares of electricity are likely to include a mixture of different accounting methods and thus are not directly comparable or consistent across countries. Where shares sourced from EUROSTAT differed from those provided to REN21 by country contributors, the former was given preference."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 8 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R8 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2018), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares; IEA statistics based on data from OECD/IEA, Electricity Information 2016, www.iea.org/statistics, as modified by REN21. Targets for the EU-28 were set in each country's National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP), available at http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans; certain NREAP targets have been revised subsequently. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"R9","index":105,"n_rows":39,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":39,"merged":[[11,1,12,1],[13,1,16,1],[24,1,28,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R9: Renewable Power Targets, Technology-Specific Share of Electricity Generation"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, and brackets '[]' indicate previous targets where new targets were enacted."]
[]
[null,"Country","Technology","Target"]
[null,"Benin","Electricity (off-grid and rural)","50% by 2025"]
[null,"Denmark","Wind power","50% by 2020"]
[null,"Djibouti","Solar PV (off-grid and rural)","30% by 2017"]
[null,"Dominican Republic","Distributed power","20% by 2016"]
[null,"Egypt","Wind power","12% and 7.2 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Eritrea","Wind power","50% (no date)"]
[null,"Guinea","Solar power","6% of generation by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2% of generation by 2025"]
[null,"Haiti","Bio-power","5.6% by 2030"]
[null,null,"Hydropower ","24.5% by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar power","7.55% by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","9.4% by 2030"]
[null,"India1"]
[null,"Andhra Pradesh","Solar power","0.25% 2016-17"]
[null,"Bihar","Solar power","1.25% 2016-17; 1.5% 2017-18; 1.75% 2018-19; 2% 2019-20; 2.5% 2020-21; 3% 2012-22"]
[null,"Delhi","Solar power","0.35% 2016-17"]
[null,"Himachal Pradesh","Solar power",".25% 2016-17; 0.5% 2017-18; 0.75% 2018-19; 1% 2019-20; 2% 2020-21; 3% 2021-22"]
[null,"Kerala","Solar power","0.25% through 2021-22"]
[null,"West Bangal","Solar power","0.5% 2016-17; 0.6% 2017-18"]
[null,"Japan","Bio-power","3.7-4.6% by 2030"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","1-1.1% by 2030 "]
[null,null,"Hydropower","8.8-9.2% by 2030 "]
[null,null,"Solar PV","7% by 2030 "]
[null,null,"Wind power","1.7% by 2030 "]
[null,"Latvia","Bio-power from solid biomass","8% by 2016"]
[null,"Lesotho","Electricity","35% of off-grid and rural electrification by 2020"]
[null,"Micronesia","Electricity","10% in urban centres and 50% in rural areas by 2020"]
[null,"Trinidad and Tobago","Electricity","5% of peak demand (or 60 MW) by 2020"]
[]
[null,"1. India has established state specific Solar Power Purchase Obligations"]
[]
[null,"Note: Unless otherwise noted, all targets and corresponding shares represent all renewables including hydropower. A number of state/provincial and local jurisdictions have additional targets not listed here. Some countries shown have other types of targets (see Tables R12-R22). See Policy Landscape chapter and Table R23 for more information about sub-national and municipal-level targets, and see Table R10 for electricity access-specific targets. Existing shares are indicative and may need adjusting if more accurate national statistical data are published."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 9 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R9 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EurObserv’ER. Targets for the EU-28 were set in each country's National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP), available at http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans; certain NREAP targets have been revised subsequently. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"R10","index":106,"n_rows":280,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":280,"merged":[[5,1,10,1],[12,1,15,1],[16,1,19,1],[21,1,26,1],[31,1,34,1],[36,1,38,1],[39,1,41,1],[43,1,46,1],[53,1,56,1],[57,1,61,1],[63,1,66,1],[67,1,70,1],[71,1,73,1],[74,1,78,1],[79,1,82,1],[84,1,86,1],[87,1,92,1],[95,1,99,1],[101,1,103,1],[104,1,109,1],[111,1,113,1],[114,1,117,1],[119,1,130,1],[131,1,133,1],[136,1,138,1],[139,1,143,1],[144,1,146,1],[144,2,145,2],[147,1,149,1],[150,1,154,1],[160,1,161,1],[162,1,165,1],[166,1,172,1],[174,1,182,1],[188,1,191,1],[192,1,194,1],[195,1,196,1],[199,1,201,1],[203,1,213,1],[214,1,219,1],[220,1,221,1],[222,1,223,1],[224,1,227,1],[229,1,236,1],[238,1,241,1],[242,1,246,1],[247,1,251,1],[257,1,258,1],[259,1,260,1],[261,1,263,1],[264,1,268,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R10: Renewable Power Targets for Specific Amount of Installed Capacity or Generation"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, brackets '[]' indicate previous targets where new targets were enacted, and text in italics indicates policies adopted at the state/provincial level."]
[]
[null,"Country","Technology","Target"]
[null,"Algeria","Electricity","22 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from waste-to-energy","1 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","15 MW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","13.5 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"CSP","2 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","5 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Antigua and Barbuda","Electricity","5 MW by 2030"]
[null,"Armenia","Hydropower (small-scale)","377 MW by 2020; 397 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","50 MW by 2020; 100 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","40 MW by 2020; 80 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","50 MW by 2020; 100 MW by 2025"]
[null,"Austria","Bio-power from solid biomass and biogas","200 MW added 2010-2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","1 GW added 2010-2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","1.2 GW added 2010-2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2 GW added 2010-2020"]
[null,"Azerbaijan","Electricity","1 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Bangladesh","Hydropower","4 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Biomass power","7 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Biogas power","7 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Waste-to-energy","40 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Solar power","1,676 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1,370 MW by 2021"]
[null,"Belarus","Electricity generation","2.6 billion kWh renewable production through 2035"]
[null,"Belgium",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Flanders","Solar PV","Increase production 30% by 2020"]
[null,"Wallonia","Electricity","8 TWh per year by 2020"]
[null,"Bhutan","Electricity","20 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from solid biomass","5 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","5 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","5 MW by 2025"]
[null,"Bolivia","Electricity","160 MW renewable energy capacity added 2015-2025"]
[null,"Bosnia and Herzegovina","Hydropower","120 MW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","4 MW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","175 MW by 2030"]
[null,"Brazil","Bio-power","19.3 GW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)","7.8 GW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Wind power","19.5 GW by 2021"]
[null,"Bulgaria","Hydropower","Three 174 MW plants commissioned by 2017-2018"]
[null,"Burundi","Bio-power from solid biomass","4 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","212 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","40 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Wind power","10 MW (no date)"]
[null,"Canada",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Ontario","Electricity","20 GW by 2025 supplied by a mix of renewable technologies, including:"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","9.3 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","40 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","5 GW by 2025"]
[null,"Prince Edward Island","Wind power","30 MW increase by 2030 (base year 2011)"]
[null,"China","Electricity","680 GW non-fossil fuel generation capacity by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","340 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar power","110 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","210 GW by 2020 "]
[null,"Taipei","Electricity","10.9 GW by 2020; 27.4 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","150 MW by 2020; 200 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","6.5 GW by 2020; 20 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","814 MW by 2020; 1.2 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","520 MW by 2020; 3-5.5 GW by 2025"]
[null,"Cuba","Electricity","2.1 GW biomass, wind, solar and hydropower capacity by 2030"]
[null,"Egypt","Hydropower","2.8 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","300 MW small-scale (<500 kW) solar PV systems installed 2015-2017; 2 GW medium and large-size solar PV (max. 50 MW) installed 2015-2017 \n[220 MW by 2020; 700 MW by 2027]"]
[null,null,"CSP","1.1 GW by 2020; 2.8 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2 GW installed 2015-2017 \n7.2 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Ethiopia","Bio-power from bagasse","103.5 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","450 MW by 2018; 1 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","22 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","7 GW by 2030 [770 MW by 2014]"]
[null,"Finland","Bio-power","13.2 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","14.6 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","884 MW by 2020"]
[null,"France","Ocean power ","380 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","25.8-26.05 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar ","10.2 GW by 2018 \n18.2-20.2 GW by 2023 \n[8 GW by 2020] "]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","15 GW by 2018; 21.8-26 GW by 2023"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","0.5 GW by 2018; 3 GW by 2023"]
[null,"Germany","Biomass","100 MW added per year "]
[null,null,"Solar PV","2.5 GW added per year "]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","2.5 GW added per year"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","6.5 GW added by 2020 "]
[null,"Greece","Solar PV","2.2 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Grenada","Geothermal power","15 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Solar power","10 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2 MW (no date)"]
[null,"India","Electricity","175 GW by 2022 "]
[null,null,"Bio-power","10 GW by 2022 "]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)1","5 GW by 2022 "]
[null,null,"Solar PV ","20 million solar lighting systems added 2010-2022"]
[null,null,"Solar PV and CSP","100 GW by 2022 "]
[null,null,"Wind power","60 GW by 2022 "]
[null,"Andhra Pradesh","Solar PV","5,000 MW added between 2015 and 2020"]
[null,"Jharkhand","Solar PV","2,650 MW installed by 2019-2020"]
[null,"Indonesia","Geothermal power","12.6 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","2 GW by 2025, including 0.43 GW micro-hydropower"]
[null,null,"Pumped storage2","3 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar power","5 GW by 2020 [156.8 MW solar PV by 2025]"]
[null,null,"Wind power","100 MW by 2025"]
[null,"Iran","Solar power and wind power","5 GW by 2020 "]
[null,"Iraq","Solar PV","240 MW by 2016"]
[null,null,"CSP","80 MW by 2016"]
[null,null,"Wind power","80 MW by 2016"]
[null,"Italy","Bio-power","19,780 GWh per year generation from 2.8 GW capacity by 2020"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","6,759 GWh per year generation from 920 MW capacity by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower ","42,000 GWh per year generation from 17.8 GW capacity by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","23 GW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","18,000 GWh per year generation and 12 GW capacity by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","2,000 GWh per year generation and 680 MW capacity by 2020"]
[null,"Japan","Ocean power (wave and tidal)","1.5 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Jordan","Electricity","1.8 GW by 2020 "]
[null,null,"Solar power","1 GW by 2020 [600 MW by 2020] "]
[null,null,"Wind power","1.2 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Kazakhstan","Bio-power","15.05 MW at three bioelectric stations by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","539 MW at 41 hydroelectric power stations by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar power","713.5 MW at 28 solar electric plants by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1,787 MW at 34 wind power stations by 2020"]
[null,"Kenya","Geothermal power","5 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Korea, Republic of","Electricity","13,016 GWh per year (2.9% of total generation) by 2015; 21,977 GWh per year (4.7%) by 2020; 39,517 GWh per year (7.7%) by 2030 supplied by a mix of renewable technologies, including:"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from solid biomass","2,628 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","161 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from landfill gas","1,340 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","2,046 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (large-scale)","3,860 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)","1,926 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Ocean power","6,159 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","2,046 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"CSP","1,971 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","900 MW by 2016; 1.5 GW by 2019; 16,619 GWh per year by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","2.5 GW by 2019"]
[null,"Kuwait","Solar PV","3.5 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"CSP","1.1 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","3.1 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Lebanon","Wind power","400-500 MW by 2020"]
[null,"Lesotho","Electricity ","260 MW by 2030"]
[null,"Libya","Solar PV","344 MW by 2020; 844 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"CSP ","125 MW by 2020; 375 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","600 MW by 2020; 1 GW by 2025"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR","Bio-power from solid biomass","50 GWh by 2020"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","20 GWh by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)","216 GWh by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","14 GWh by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","300 GWh by 2020"]
[null,"Malaysia","Electricity","2.1 GW (excluding large-scale hydropower), 11.2 TWh per year, or 10% of national supply (no date given)"]
[{"$nulls":3},"11% by 2020; 14% by 2030; 36% by 2050"]
[null,null,"Solar power","1 GW capacity added by 2020"]
[null,"Morocco","Hydropower","2 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV and CSP","2 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Mozambique","Bio-digesters for biogas","1,000 systems installed (no date)"]
[null,null,"Hydropower, solar PV, wind power","2 GW each (no date)"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","82,000 solar home systems installed (no date)"]
[null,null,"Wind turbines for water pumping","3,000 stations installed (no date)"]
[null,null,"Renewable energy-based productive systems","5,000 installed (no date)"]
[null,"Nigeria","Bio-power","400 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)3","2 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV (large-scale, >1 MW)","500 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"CSP","5 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","40 MW by 2025"]
[null,"Norway","Electricity","30 TWh per year generation by 2016"]
[null,null,"Electricity","26.4 TWh common electricity certificate market with Sweden by 2020"]
[null,"Palestine, State of","Bio-power","21 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","45 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"CSP","20 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","44 MW by 2020"]
[null,"Philippines","Electricity","Triple the 2010 capacity by 2030"]
[null,null,"Bio-power","277 MW added 2010-2030"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","1.5 GW added 2010-2030"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","5,398 MW added 2010-2030"]
[null,null,"Ocean power","75 MW added 2010-2030"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","284 MW added 2010-2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","2.3 GW added 2010-2030"]
[null,"Poland","Wind power (offshore)","1 GW by 2020"]
[null,"Portugal","Electricity","15.8 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from solid biomass","769 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","59 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","29 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)","400 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Ocean power (wave)","6 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","670 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Concentrated solar photovoltaics (CPV)","50 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power","5.3 GW onshore by 2020; 27 MW offshore by 2020"]
[null,"Russian Federation","Electricity","5.5 GW by 2024, of which:"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (small-scale)","425.4 MW by 2024"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","1.8 GW by 2024"]
[null,null,"Wind power","3.4 GW by 2024"]
[null,"Altai Republic","Solar PV","150 MW by 2021"]
[null,"Rwanda","Electricity (off-grid)","5 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Biogas power","300 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","310 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","340 MW by 2017"]
[null,"Saudi Arabia","Electricity","9.5 GW by 2023; 54 GW by 2040"]
[null,null,"Geothermal, bio-power (waste-to-energy)5, wind power","13 GW combined by 2040"]
[null,null,"Solar PV and CSP","41 GW by 2040 (25 GW CSP, 16 GW PV)"]
[null,"Serbia","Solar PV","150 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1.4 GW (no date)"]
[null,"Sierra Leone","Electricity","1 GW (no date)"]
[null,"Singapore","Solar PV","350 MW by 2020"]
[null,"Solomon Islands","Geothermal power","20-40 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","3.77 MW (no date)"]
[null,null,"Solar power ","3.2 MW (no date)"]
[null,"South Africa","Electricity","17.8 GW by 2030; 42% of new generation capacity installed 2010-2030"]
[null,"Spain","Bio-power from solid biomass","1.4 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from organic MSW5","200 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","400 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","50 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","13.9 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Pumped storage2","8.8 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Ocean power","100 MW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","7.3 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"CSP","4.8 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","35 GW by 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","750 MW by 2020"]
[null,"Sudan ","Bio-power from solid biomass","54 MW by 2031"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","68 MW by 2031"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","63 MW by 2031"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","667 MW by 2031"]
[null,null,"CSP ","50 MW by 2031"]
[null,null,"Wind power","680 MW by 2031"]
[null,"Sweden","Electricity","25 TWh more renewable electricity annually by 2020 (base year 2002)"]
[null,null,"Electricity","26.4 TWh common electricity certificate market with Norway by 2020"]
[null,"Switzerland","Electricity","12 TWh per year by 2035; 24.2 TWh per year by 2050"]
[null,null,"Hydropower ","43 TWh per year by 2035"]
[null,"Syria","Bio-power","140 MW by 2020; 260 MW by 2025; 400 MW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","380 MW by 2020; 1.1 GW by 2025; 1.8 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"CSP","50 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1 GW by 2020; 1.5 GW by 2025; 2 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Tajikistan","Hydropower (small-scale)","100 MW by 2020"]
[null,"Thailand","Bio-power from solid biomass","4.8 GW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from biogas","600 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from organic MSW5","400 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","1 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","6.1 GW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Ocean power (wave and tidal)","2 MW by 2021"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","1.7 GW by 2016; 3 GW by 2021; 6 GW by 2036"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1.8 GW by 2021"]
[null,"Trinidad and Tobago","Wind power","100 MW (no date given)"]
[null,"Tunisia","Electricity","1 GW (16% of capacity) by 2016; 4.6 GW (40% of capacity) by 2030"]
[null,null,"Bio-power from solid biomass","40 MW by 2016; 300 MW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar power","10 GW by 2030 "]
[null,null,"Wind power","16 GW by 2030 "]
[null,"Turkey","Bio-power from solid biomass","1 GW by 2023"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","1 GW by 2023"]
[null,null,"Hydropower","34 GW by 2023"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","5 GW by 2023"]
[null,null,"Wind power","20 GW by 2023"]
[null,"Uganda","Bio-power from organic MSW5","30 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","45 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (large-scale)","1.2 GW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Hydropower (mini- and micro-scale)","85 MW by 2017"]
[null,null,"Solar PV (solar home systems)","700 kW by 2017"]
[null,"United Kingdom","Wind power (offshore)","39 GW by 2030"]
[null,"United States",null,"No national target"]
[null,"Iowa","Electricity","105 MW generating capacity for IOUs6"]
[null,"Massachusetts","Wind power (offshore)","1.6 GW by 2027"]
[null,"Texas","Electricity","5,880 MW "]
[null,"Uzbekistan","Solar PV","60.7 MW installed by 2018; 157.7 by 2019; 382.5 by 2020; 601.9 by 2021; 1.24 GW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","102 MW installed by 2021; 302 MW installed by 302"]
[null,"Venezuela","Electricity","613 MW new capacity installed 2013-2019, including:"]
[null,null,"Wind power","500 MW new capacity installed 2013-2019"]
[null,"Vietnam","Hydropower","21.6 GW by 2020; 24.6 GW by 2025; 27.8 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Solar power","850 MW by 2020; 4 GW by 2025; 12 GW by 2030"]
[null,null,"Wind power","800 MW by 2020; 2 GW by 2025; 6 GW by 2030"]
[null,"Yemen","Bio-power","6 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Geothermal power","160 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","5.5 MW off-grid by 2025"]
[null,null,"CSP","100 MW by 2025"]
[null,null,"Wind power","400 MW by 2025"]
[]
[null,"1 India does not classify hydropower installations larger than 25 MW as renewable energy sources. Therefore, national targets and data for India do not include hydropower facilities >25 MW."]
[null,"2 Pumped storage plants are not energy sources but a means of energy storage. As such, they involve conversion losses and are powered by renewable or non-renewable electricity. Pumped storage is included here because it can play an important role as balancing power, in particular for variable renewable resources."]
[null,"3 Nigeria’s target excludes hydropower plants >30 MW."]
[null,"4 The Russian Federation’s targets exclude hydropower plants >25 MW."]
[null,"5 It is not always possible to determine whether municipal solid waste (MSW) data include non-organic waste (plastics, metal, etc.) or only the organic biomass share. Uganda utilises predominantly organic waste."]
[null,"6 Investor-owned utilities (IOUs) are those operating under private control rather than government or co-operative operation."]
[null," "]
[null,"Note: All capacity targets are for cumulative capacity unless otherwise noted. Targets are rounded to the nearest tenth decimal. Renewable energy targets are not standardised across countries; therefore, the table presents a variety of targets for the purpose of general comparison. Countries on this list may also have primary/final energy, electricity, heating/cooling or transport targets (see Tables R12-R22)."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 10 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R10 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net."]

{"sheet":"R11","index":107,"n_rows":43,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":43}
["Table of Contents","Table R11: Renewable Heating and Cooling Policies, 2017"]
[]
[null,"R - Residential"]
[null,"I - Industrial"]
[null,"C - Commercial"]
[null,"P - Public facilities"]
[null,"Country","Investment subsidy","Rebates","Loans / Grants","Tax credits","Feed-in tariff"]
[null,"Armenia1",null,null,"R/C"]
[null,"Austria","C",null,"R"]
[null,"Bulgaria",null,null,"R"]
[null,"Chile",{"$nulls":3},"R"]
[null,"Croatia",null,null,"P"]
[null,"Czech Republic","R"]
[null,"Denmark",null,null,"I"]
[null,"France","R/I/C/P",null,null,"R"]
[null,"Georgia1",null,null,"R/C"]
[null,"Germany","R/C/P"]
[null,"Hungary",null,null,"R"]
[null,"India","R/I/C/P","I"]
[null,"Italy",null,"R/C/P"]
[null,"Korea, Republic of","R"]
[null,"Lebanon",null,null,"R"]
[null,"Macedonia, FYR","R"]
[null,"Malta",null,"R"]
[null,"Mauritius",null,null,"R"]
[null,"Netherlands",{"$nulls":3},"C/I","R/I/C/P"]
[null,"Norway","C/P","R"]
[null,"Poland","P2",null,"R"]
[null,"Romania",null,null,"R/I/C/P"]
[null,"Slovak Republic","R"]
[null,"Slovenia","C/P",null,"R"]
[null,"Spain","R/P",null,"C"]
[null,"Tunisia","R/C",null,"R/C"]
[null,"United Kingdom",{"$nulls":4},"R/C/P"]
[null,"Ukraine",null,null,"R"]
[null,"United States (California)","R/I/C/P"]
[null,"Uruguay","R",null,"R"]
[]
[null,"1 Incentives provided by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development under the Caucusus Energy Efficiency Program II."]
[null,"2 Subsidies applicable to municipalites with over 10,000 inhabitants."]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 11 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R11 from the following sources: Ottmar Edenhofer et al., “Summary for Policymakers”, in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011), http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/srren/ SRREN_FD_SPM_final.pdf; IRENA, Renewable Energy Benefits: Understanding the Socio-Economics (Abu Dhabi: 2017), http:// www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2017/ Nov/IRENA_Understanding_Socio_Economics_2017.pdf; IEA, Contributions of Renewables to Energy Security (Paris: 2007), https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/ so_contribution.pdf."]

{"sheet":"R12","index":108,"n_rows":52,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":52,"merged":[[35,1,35,3],[36,2,36,3],[37,2,37,3],[38,2,38,3],[39,2,39,3],[40,2,40,3],[41,2,41,3],[42,2,42,3],[43,2,43,3],[44,2,44,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R12: Feed-in Electricity Policies, Cumulative Number of Countries/States/Provinces and 2017 Revisions"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, and text with a strikethrough indicates discontinuation. "]
[]
[null,"Year","Cumulative #1","Countries/States/Provinces Added That Year"]
[null,1978,1,"United States2"]
[null,1988,2,"Portugal"]
[null,1990,3,"Germany"]
[null,1991,4,"Switzerland"]
[null,1992,5,"Italy"]
[null,1993,7,"Denmark; India"]
[null,1994,10,"Luxembourg; Spain; Greece"]
[null,1997,11,"Sri Lanka"]
[null,1998,12,"Sweden"]
[null,1999,14,"Norway; Slovenia"]
[null,2000,14,"[None identified]"]
[null,2001,17,"Armenia; France; Latvia"]
[null,2002,23,"Algeria; Austria; Brazil; Czech Republic; Indonesia; Lithuania"]
[null,2003,29,"Cyprus; Estonia; Hungary; Slovak Republic; Republic of Korea; Maharashtra (India)"]
[null,2004,34,"Israel; Nicaragua; Prince Edward Island (Canada); Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh (India)"]
[null,2005,41,"China; Ecuador; Ireland; Turkey; Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand (India)"]
[null,2006,46,"Argentina; Pakistan; Thailand; Ontario (Canada); Kerala (India)"]
[null,2007,55,"Albania; Bulgaria; Croatia; Dominican Republic; Finland; Macedonia FYR; Moldova; Mongolia; South Australia (Australia)"]
[null,2008,70,"Iran; Kenya; Liechtenstein; Philippines; San Marino; Tanzania; Queensland (Australia); Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal (India); California (United States)"]
[null,2009,81,"Japan; Serbia; South Africa; Ukraine; Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Victoria (Australia); Taipei (China); Hawaii, Oregon and Vermont (United States)"]
[null,2010,87,"Belarus; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Malaysia; Malta; Mauritius; United Kingdom"]
[null,2011,94,"Ghana; Montenegro; Netherlands; Syria; Vietnam; Nova Scotia (Canada); Rhode Island (United States)"]
[null,2012,99,"Jordan; Nigeria; State of Palestine; Rwanda; Uganda"]
[null,2013,101,"Kazakhstan; Pakistan"]
[null,2014,104,"Egypt; Vanuatu; Virgin Islands (United States)"]
[null,2015,104,"[None identified]"]
[null,2016,104,"Czech Republic (re-instated)"]
[null,2017,107,"Zambia, Vietnam, Massachusetts (United States)"]
[null,"Total existing3",113]
[]
[null,"2017 FIT Policy Adjustments"]
[null,"Canada – Ontario","Awarded FIT support to solar PV (totalling 147.9 MW), biogas (1.6 MW) and landfill gas projects (0.5 MW)"]
[null,"China","Regional reductions of 12-15% for solar PV FIT; Class 1 resources reduced to CNY 0.55 per kWh; Class 2 reduced to CNY 0.65 per kWh; Class 3 reduced to CNY 0.75 per kWh; solar distributed generation FIT reduced CNY 0.05 per kWh to CNY 0.37 per kWh "]
[null,"China – Taipei","Solar PV rates reduced 12.8-13.5%; wind FIT reduced 0.7-4.6%; geothermal FIT increased 5%"]
[null,"Germany","FIT eligibility expanded to include landlord and tenant electricity supply; Onshore wind FIT reduced 2.4% to EUR 74.93/MWh"]
[null,"India – Karnataka","Reduced from INR 4.5 per kWh to INR 3.74 per kWh"]
[null,"Luxembourg","FIT eligibility expanded to offer 15-year solar PV FIT to projects greater than 30 kW"]
[null,"United States – Massachusetts","Launched SMART programme"]
[null,"Vietnam","Launched solar PV FIT providing guaranteed 20-year tariffs of USD 0.091 per kWh"]
[null,"Zambia","Launched REFIT programme "]
[]
[null,"1 “Cumulative number” refers to number of jurisdictions that had enacted feed-in policies as of the given year."]
[null,"2 The US PURPA policy (1978) is an early version of the FIT, which has since evolved."]
[null,"3 “Total existing” excludes nine countries that are known to have subsequently discontinued policies (Brazil, Republic of Korea, Mauritius, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Uruguay and the United States) and adds nine countries (Andorra, Honduras, Maldives, Panama, Peru, Poland, Russian Federation, Senegal and Tajikistan) and five Indian states (Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand and Orissa) that are believed to have FITs but with an unknown year of enactment."]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 12 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R12 from the following sources: All available policy references, including the IEA/IRENA online Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures database, published sources as given in the endnotes for the Policy Landscape chapter of this report, and submissions from report contributors."]

{"sheet":"R13","index":109,"n_rows":59,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":59,"merged":[[3,1,8,1],[9,1,10,1],[16,1,19,1],[21,1,22,1],[27,1,28,1],[32,1,34,1],[37,1,38,1],[43,1,43,4],[45,1,47,1],[46,2,47,2]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R13: Renewable Power Tenders at the National/State/Provincial Levels, 2017"]
[]
[null,"Country","Technology","Description"]
[null,"Argentina","Wind power","940.8 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Bio-power","143.2 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Bio-power (urban solid waste)1","13.1 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Bio-power (biogas)","76.5 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Small-scale hydropower","20.8 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Solar power","781.8 MW awarded"]
[null,"Armenia","Geothermal power","30 MW offered"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","55 MW offered"]
[null,"Bolivia","Solar PV","50 MW offered"]
[null,"Botswana","Solar PV","100 MW offered"]
[null,"Chile","Non-technology-specific","12 TWh offered"]
[null,"El Salvador","Solar PV","120 MW awarded"]
[null,"Ethiopia2","Solar PV","100 MW awarded; 250 MW launched"]
[null,"France","Solar power","Annual target increased from 1.45 GW to 2.45 GW; 500 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Wind power (offshore)","3 GW through June 2020"]
[null,null,"Wind and solar power","200 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Self-consumption","51 MW awarded"]
[null,"Germany","Wind power","2,800 MW yearly (2017-2019); 2,900 MW yearly after 2019"]
[null,"India","Solar PV","241 MW offered for development across states of Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan"]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","2 GW awarded"]
[null,"Israel","Solar PV","Expected 100-250 MW awarded in 2017; 1 GW through 2018"]
[null,"Japan","Solar PV","140 MW awarded"]
[null,"Madagascar","Solar PV","25 MW offered"]
[null,"Malaysia","Solar PV","563 MW awarded"]
[null,"Mexico","Solar power","1,323 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Wind power","689 MW awarded"]
[null,"Netherlands","Wind power (offshore)","700 MW offered"]
[null,"Oman","Solar PV","500 MW offered"]
[null,"Poland","Renewable energy","4.725 TWh awarded"]
[null,"Russian Federation","Hydropower (small scale)","49.8 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Solar PV","520 MW awarded"]
[null,null,"Wind power","1.7 GW awarded"]
[null,"Saudi Arabia","Wind power","400 MW request for qualification "]
[null,"Senegal","Solar PV","100 MW offered"]
[null,"Spain","Solar PV","3.9 GW awarded"]
[null,null,"Wind power (onshore)","4.1 GW awarded"]
[null,"Sri Lanka","Solar PV","10 MW offered"]
[null,"Turkey","Wind power (onshore)","1 GW awarded"]
[null,"Zambia","Solar PV","100 MW offered"]
[null," "]
[null,"State/Provincial Renewable Energy Auctions Held in 2017"]
[null,"Country","State/Province","Technology","Description"]
[null,"Australia","Victoria","Renewable energy ","650 MW offered"]
[null,null,"Queensland","Renewable energy ","400 MW offered"]
[{"$nulls":3},"Energy storage3","100 MW offered"]
[null,"Canada","Alberta","Renewable energy ","600 MW awarded"]
[null,"India","Tamil Nadu","Wind power","200 MW offered"]
[null,"United States","Massachusetts","Wind power (offshore)","400 MW offered"]
[]
[null,"1  It is not always possible to determine whether municipal solid waste (MSW) data include non-organic waste (plastics, metal, etc.) or only the organic biomass share."]
[null,"2 100 MW of capacity was awarded under a tender launched in May 2016."]
[null,"3 Energy storage is not an energy source but is included here because it can play an important role as balancing power, in particular for variable renewable\nresources."]
[]
[null,"Note: Table R13 provides an overview of identified renewable energy tenders in 2016 and likely does not constitute a comprehensive picture of all capacity offered through tenders during the year."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 13 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R13 from the following sources: All available policy references, including the IEA/IRENA online Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures database, IEA Renewable Energy Policy Update (https://www.iea.org/media/pams/REDRenewablePolicyUpdateNo1620171030_web.pdf), published sources as given in the endnotes for the Policy Landscape chapter of this report, and submissions from report contributors."]

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["Table of Contents","Table R14: Renewable Energy Targets, Selected City and Local Examples"]
[]
[null,"Note: Text in bold indicates new/revised in 2017, and brackets '[]' indicate previous targets where new targets were enacted."]
[]
[null,"Targets for 100% of Total Energy or Electricity from Renewables",null,null," "]
[null," ",null,"Target date for 100% total energy","Target date for 100% electricity"]
[null,"Abita Springs, Louisiana, United States",null,null,2030]
[null,"Australian Capital Territory, Australia",null,null,2020]
[null,"Breckenridge, Colorado, United States",null,null,2035]
[null,"Burlington, Vermont, United States",null," ","Achieved in 2014"]
[null,"Byron Shire County, Australia",null,2025," "]
[null,"Coffs Harbour, Australia",null," ",2030]
[null,"Copenhagen, Denmark",null,2050," "]
[null,"Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States",null,null,2050]
[null,"Frankfurt, Germany",null,2050," "]
[null,"Frederikshavn, Denmark",null,2030]
[null,"Fukushima Prefecture, Japan",null,2040," "]
[null,"Greensburg, Kansas, United States",null," ","Achieved in 2015"]
[null,"Groningen, The Netherlands",null,null,2035]
[null,"Hamburg, Germany",null,2050," "]
[null,"Inje County, Republic of Korea",null,null,2045]
[null,"Jeju Self Governing Province, Republic of Korea",null," ",2030]
[null,"Lancaster, California, United States",null," ",2020]
[null,"Madison, Wisconsin, United States",null,null,"[no date given]"]
[null,"Malmö, Sweden",null,2030]
[null,"Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States",null,null,2030]
[null,"Munich, Germany",null," ",2025]
[null,"Nederland, Colorado, United States",null,null,2025]
[null,"Orlando, Florida, United States",null,null,2050]
[null,"Osnabrück, Germany",null," ",2030]
[null,"Oxford County, Australia",null,2050," "]
[null,"Palo Alto, California, United States",null," ","[no date given]"]
[null,"Park City, Utah, United States",null,null,2032]
[null,"Pittsburgh, Pennsylania, United States",null,null,2035]
[null,"Rochester, Minnesota, United States",null," ",2031]
[null,"Salt Lake City, Utah, United States",null,null,2032]
[null,"San Diego, California, United States",null,null,2035]
[null,"San Francisco, California, United States",null," ",2030]
[null,"San Jose, California, United States",null," ",2022]
[null,"Seattle, Washington, United States",null," ","[no date given]"]
[null,"Skellefteå, Sweden",null," ",2020]
[null,"Sønderborg, Denmark",null,2029," "]
[null,"St. Louis, Missouri, United States",null,null,2035]
[null,"St. Petersburg, Florida, United States",null,null,"[no date given]"]
[null,"The Hague, The Netherlands",null,2040]
[null,"Uralla, Australia",null,"[no date given]"," "]
[null,"City of Vancouver, Canada",null,2050," "]
[null,"Växjö, Sweden",null,2030," "]
[null," ",null," "," "]
[null,"Targets for Renewable Share of Total Energy, All Consumers"]
[null,"A Coruna, Spain","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Amurrio, Spain","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Ancona, Italy","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Antwerp, Belgium","13% by 2020"]
[null,"Areatza, Spain","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Austin, Texas, United States","65% by 2027"]
[null,"Balmaseda, Spain","29% by 2020"]
[null,"Baltimore, Maryland, United States","15% of city-wide energy demand with renewable sources by 2020 through the development of solar, wind, and combined heat and power generation sites"]
[null,"Barcelona, Spain","10% by 2024"]
[null,"Belo Horizonte, Brazil","79.3% by 2030"]
[null,"Berlin, Germany","17.8% by 2020"]
[null,"Bucaramanga, Colombia","30% by 2025"]
[null,"Buffalo City, South Africa","10% by 2018"]
[null,"Calgary, Alberta, Canada","30% by 2030"]
[null,"Cape Town, South Africa","10% by 2020 through large- and small-scale wind and solar generation projects, solar water heaters, and biogas power generation at landfill and wastewater facilities"]
[null,"City of Sydney, Australia","50% of electricity, heating and cooling by 2030 (does not include transport)"]
[null,"Howrah, India","10% by 2018"]
[null,"Nagano Prefecture, Japan","70% by 2050"]
[null,"Oaxaca, Mexico","5% by 2017"]
[null,"Paris, France","25% by 2020"]
[null,"Skellefteå, Sweden","Net exporter of biomass, hydro or wind energy by 2020"]
[]
[null,"Targets for Renewable Share of Electricity, All Consumers"]
[null,"Adelaide, Australia","50% by 2025"]
[null,"Amsterdam, The Netherlands","25% by 2025; 50% by 2040"]
[null,"Arlington, Virginia, United States","15% by 2050"]
[null,"Atlanta, Georgia, United States","5% by 2020"]
[null,"Austin, Texas, United States","55% by 2025"]
[null,"Boulder, Colorado, United States","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia","90% by 2020"]
[null,"Cape Town, South Africa","20% by 2020 "]
[null,"Nagano Prefecture, Japan","10% by 2020; 20% by 2030; 30% by 2050"]
[null,"Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa","10% by 2020"]
[null,"Taipei City, Chinese Taipei","12% by 2020"]
[null,"Tokyo, Japan","30% by 2030 "]
[null,"Wellington, New Zealand","78-90% by 2020"]
[null," "," "]
[null,"Targets for Renewable Electric Capacity or Generation"]
[null,"Adelaide, Australia","2 MW solar PV on residential and commercial buildings by 2020"]
[null,"Amsterdam, The Netherlands","75,000 MW renewable energy capacity by 2020"]
[null,"Atlanta, Georgia, United States","Triple renewable energy capacity by 2020 by leasing city land for large-scale solar energy development projects"]
[null,"Bologna, Italy","20 MW renewable electricity capacity by 2020; 10 MW solar PV electricity capacity by 2020"]
[null,"Boston, Massachusetts, United States","25 MW solar electricity capacity by 2020"]
[null,"Esklistuna, Sweden","48 GWh wind power and 9.5 GWh solar PV by 2020"]
[null,"Gothenburg, Sweden","500 GWh renewable electricity by 2030"]
[null,"Los Angeles, California, United States","1.3 GW solar PV by 2020"]
[null,"New York, New York, United States","1 GW solar power and 100 MWh energy storage by 2020 "]
[null,"San Francisco, California, United States","100% of peak demand (950 MW) by 2020"]
[null," "," "]
[null,"Targets for Renewable Share of City/Local Government Operations"]
[null,"Amurrio, Spain","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Ancona, Italy","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Antwerp, Belgium","13% by 2020"]
[null,"Areatza, Spain","20% by 2020"]
[null,"Balmaseda, Spain","29% by 2020"]
[null,"Beaverton, Oregon, United States","75% by 2020"]
[null,"Belo Horizonte, Brazil","30% of electricity from solar PV by 2030"]
[null,"Besancon, France","23% by 2020"]
[null,"Boulder, Colorado, United States","60% by 2050"]
[null,"Breckenridge, Colorado, United States","100% by 2025"]
[null,"Bucaramanga, Colombia","30% by 2025"]
[null,"Calgary, Alberta, Canada","100% of government operations by 2025"]
[null,"City of Sydney, Australia","100% of electricity in buildings; 20% for street lamps"]
[null,"Cockburn, Australia","20% of final energy in city buildings by 2020"]
[null,"Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States","All government operations with 100% clean energy by 2030"]
[null,"Geneva, Switzerland","100% renewable energy for public buildings by 2050"]
[null,"Ghent, Belgium","50% of final energy by 2020"]
[null,"Hepburn Shire, Australia","100% of final energy in public buildings; 8% of electricity for public lighting"]
[null,"Kristianstad, Sweden","100% of final energy by 2020"]
[null,"Malmö, Sweden","100% of final energy by 2020"]
[null,"Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States","100% renewable energy for municipal facilities and operations by 2022"]
[null,"Orlando, Florida, United States","100% of municipal operations powered by renewable energy by 2030"]
[null,"Portland, Oregon, United States","100% of final energy by 2030"]
[null,"Salt Lake City, Utah, United States","50% renewable electricity for municipal operations by 2020"]
[null," "," "]
[null,"Heat-Related Mandates and Targets"]
[null,"Amsterdam, The Netherlands","District heating for at least 200,000 houses by 2040 (using biogas, woody biomass and waste heat)"]
[null,"Chandigarh, India","Mandatory use of solar water heating in industry, hotels, hospitals, prisons, canteens, housing complexes, and government and residential buildings (as of 2013)"]
[null,"Helsingborg, Sweden","100% renewable energy district heating (community-scale) by 2035"]
[null,"Loures, Portugal","Solar thermal systems mandated as of 2013 in all sports facilities and schools that have good sun exposure"]
[null,"Munich, Germany","100% district heating from renewable sources by 2040; 80% reduction of heat demand by 2058 (base 2009) through passive solar design (includes heat, process heat and water heating)"]
[null,"Nantes, France","Extend district heating system to source heat from biomass boilers for half of city inhabitants by 2017"]
[null,"New York, New York, United States","Biofuel blend in heating oil equivalent to 2% by 2016, 5% by 2017, 10% by 2025 and 20% by 2034"]
[null,"Oslo, Norway","Phase out fossil fuels and transition to electric heating in homes and offices by 20201"]
[null,"Osnabrück, Germany","100% renewable heat by 2050"]
[null,"Täby, Sweden","100% renewable heat in local government operations by 2020"]
[null,"Vienna, Austria","50% of total heat demand with solar thermal energy by 2050"]
[]
[null,"Transport-Related Mandates and Targets"]
[null,"Athens, Greece","Ban petrol and diesel powered cars and vans by 2025"]
[null,"Madrid, Spain","Ban petrol and diesel powered cars and vans by 2025"]
[null,"Mexico City, Mexico","Ban petrol and diesel powered cars and vans by 2025"]
[null,"Paris, France","Ban petrol and diesel powered cars and vans by 2025"]
[null,"San Francisco, California, United States","50% renewable power by 2025 and 100% renewable power by 2045 for Bay Area Rapid Transit rail system"]
[null,"Shenzhen, China","100% electric public bus fleet (achieved in 2017)"]
[]
[null,"Note: Table R14 provides a sample of local renewable energy commitments worldwide. It does not aim to present a comprehensive picture of all municipal renewable energy goals. For example, in Germany more than 150 municipalities have a target to achieve 100% renewables in the energy system."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 14 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R14 from the following sources: Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action (NAZCA), \"Total commitments to action, Renewable Energy\", http://climateaction.unfccc.int/total-commitments?themeid=0&theme=renewable-energy&open=yes&entity=city&Country=0, viewed 15 May 2018; ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, Connect with the 100% Renewable Energy Cities and Regions Network, Issue 1 (Bonn: September 2016); CLER, Energy Cities and Reseau Action Climat, Cities Heading Towards 100% Renewable Energy by Controlling Their Consumption (November 2016); Sierra Club, \"100% commitments in cities, counties, & states\", https://www.sierraclub.org/ready-for-100/commitments, viewed 15 May 2018; CDP, \"2017 – Cities Renewable Energy Targets, Map\", https://data.cdp.net/Cities/2017-Cities-Renewable-Energy-Targets-Map/xe6h-je5w#column-menu, viewed 15 May 2018; Government of Alberta, \"Renewable Electricity Program\", https://www.alberta.ca/renewable-electricity-program.aspx, viewed 15 May 2018; \"Austin Energy targets 65% renewables by 2027\", Utility Dive, 21 August 2017, https://www.utilitydive.com/news/austin-energy-targets-65-renewables-by-2027/503084/; REN21, Global Futures Report (Paris: 2013); REN21, Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies and ICLEI, 2011 Global Status Report on Local Renewable Energy Policies (Paris: May 2011). For additional information on sources, see endnote 1 in Policy Landscape chapter."]

{"sheet":"R15","index":111,"n_rows":24,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":24,"merged":[[3,2,3,5]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R15: Biofuels Global Production, Top 15 Countries and EU-28, 2017"]
[]
["1 Final energy targets by 2020 for all EU-28 countries are set under EU Directive 2009/28/EC. The governments of Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Spain and Sweden have set higher targets, which are shown here. The government of the Netherlands has reduced its more ambitious target to the level set in the EU Directive.","Country","Ethanol","Biodiesel (FAME)","Biodiesel (HVO)","Change relative to 2016"]
["2 The Chinese target is for share of “non-fossil” energy. All targets include nuclear power.",null,"Billion litres"]
["3 Kosovo is not a member of the United Nations.","United States",{"v":59.979,"d":"60.0"},{"v":6.028,"d":"6.0"},1.7,1.7]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":28.536,"d":"28.5"},{"v":4.291,"d":"4.3"},null,0.3]
["Source: See endnote 15 for this section.","Germany",{"v":0.9284858028000001,"d":"0.9"},{"v":3.4818217605000004,"d":"3.5"},null,0]
[" ","Argentina",{"v":1.105,"d":"1.1"},{"v":3.282,"d":"3.3"},null,0.5]
["15 Table R15 from the following sources: REN21 database; submissions by report contributors; various industry reports; EUROSTAT, Energy from Renewable Sources: Shares (Brussels: 2016), http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/energy/data/shares. For online updates, see the “Renewables Interactive Map” at www.ren21.net.","China",{"v":3.312,"d":"3.3"},{"v":1.0445465281500002,"d":"1.0"},null,0.2]
[null,"France",{"v":0.9865161654750001,"d":"1.0"},{"v":2.321214507,"d":"2.3"},null,-0.3]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":1.495,"d":"1.5"},{"v":1.3927287042000003,"d":"1.4"},null,0.5]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.05803036267500001,"d":"0.1"},{"v":2.4953055950250005,"d":"2.5"},null,-0.3]
[null,"Canada",{"v":1.703,"d":"1.7"},{"v":0.4642429014000001,"d":"0.5"},null,0.1]
[null,"Netherlands",{"v":0.34818217605000007,"d":"0.3"},0.4,1.3,0.1]
[null,"Spain",{"v":0.4642429014000001,"d":"0.5"},{"v":1.3346983415250002,"d":"1.3"},null,-0.2]
[null,"Poland",{"v":0.23212145070000004,"d":"0.2"},{"v":0.9865161654750001,"d":"1.0"},null,0]
[null,"Singapore",{"v":0.11606072535000002,"d":"0.1"},{"v":0,"d":"0.0"},{"v":1.32,"d":"1.3"},0.1]
[null,"India",{"v":0.8124250774500001,"d":"0.8"},{"v":0.17409108802500003,"d":"0.2"},null,-0.2]
[null,"Colombia",{"v":0.34818217605000007,"d":"0.3"},{"v":0.58030362675,"d":"0.6"},null,0]
[null,"EU-28",{"v":4.120155749925001,"d":"4.1"},{"v":11.780163623025002,"d":"11.8"},3.5,-0.3]
[null,"World",105.5,30.7,6.5,3.5]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 15 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R15 from the following sources: Ethanol: US EIA, “Monthly Energy Review, April 2018”, Table 10.3, https://www. eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#renewable, updated 26 April 2018; Brazil Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis, op. cit. note 1; China, Canada and Thailand from Renewable Fuels Association, “Industry Statistics 2017: World fuel ethanol production”, http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resources/ industry/statistics/, viewed 4 April 2018. Biodiesel: EIA, op. cit. note 1; Table 10.4; Brazil Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis, op. cit. note 1; Argentine Ministry of Energy and Mines, “Energy Market Statistics: resumen biodiesel\", www.energia.gob.ar/contenidos/archivos/Reorganizacion/ informacion_del_mercado/mercado/hidrocarburos/bio/ estadisticas_biocombustibles.xls, viewed 29 April 2018. Other ethanol and biodiesel data from IEA, Oil Market Report 2018 , op. cit. note 1, pp. 133-134. HVO production is estimated based on a review of the production of the major producers."]

{"sheet":"R16","index":112,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"merged":[[4,1,13,1],[15,1,24,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R16: Geothermal Power Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"Added 2017","Total End-2017"]
[{"$nulls":3},"MW","GW"]
[null,"Top Countries by Additions","Indonesia",275,"1.8"]
[null,null,"Turkey",243,"1.1"]
[null,null,"Chile",48,"0.05"]
[null,null,"Iceland",45,"0.7"]
[null,null,"Honduras",35,"0.04"]
[null,null,"Mexico",25,"0.9"]
[null,null,"United States",24,"2.5"]
[null,null,"Japan",5,"0.5"]
[null,null,"Portugal",4,"0.03"]
[null,null,"Hungary",3,"0.01"]
[]
[null,"Top Countries by Total Capacity","United States",24,"2.5"]
[null,null,"Philippines","–","1.9"]
[null,null,"Indonesia",275,"1.8"]
[null,null,"Turkey",243,"1.1"]
[null,null,"New Zealand","–","1.0"]
[null,null,"Mexico",25,"0.9"]
[null,null,"Italy","–","0.8"]
[null,null,"Iceland",45,"0.7"]
[null,null,"Kenya","–","0.7"]
[null,null,"Japan",5,"0.5"]
[]
[null,"World Total",null,707,"12.8"]
[]
[null,"Note: Capacity additions are rounded to the nearest 1 MW, and totals are rounded to the nearest 0.1 GW, with the exceptions of Chile, Honduras, Hungary and Portugal, which are rounded to the nearest 0.01 GW. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data. For more information and statistics, see Geothermal Power and Heat section in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 16 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R16 from the following sources: data for Italy, Japan and New Zealand from IEA Geothermal, 2016 Annual Report (Taupo, New Zealand: October 2017), http://iea-gia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Annual-Report-2016.pdf; Chile from Enel, “Enel and Enap inaugurate South America’s first geothermal power plant Cerro Paballón”, press release (Rome and Santiago: 12 September 2017), https://www.enel.com/media/press/d/2017/09/enel-and-enap-inaugurate-south-americas-first-geothermal-power-plant-cerro-pabelln; Iceland based on capacity of 665 MW at end-2016 and addition of 45 MW in 2017, from Orkustofnun, Energy Statistics in Iceland 2016 (Reykjavik: 2017), http://os.is/gogn/os-onnur-rit/Orkutolur-2016-enska.pdf; Indonesia based on data from Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, “Statistik Ketenagalistrikan 2016”, January 2016, https://www.esdm.go.id/assets/media/content/content-statistik-ketenagalistrikan-tahun-2016-1.pdf, and from idem, “Capaian Sub Sektor Ketenagalistrikan Dan EBTKE Tahun 2017 Dan Outlook 2018”, press release (Jakarta: 10 January 2018), https://www.esdm.go.id/en/media-center/news-archives/capaian-sub-sektor-ketenagalistrikan-dan-ebtke-tahun-2017-dan-outlook-2018; Mexico from Luis C.A. Gutiérrez-Negrín, Mexican Geothermal Association, personal communication with REN21, March 2018; Philippines from Philippines Department of Energy, Electrical Power Industry Management Bureau, “Power Supply and Demand Highlights: January-June 2017 ”, https://www.doe.gov.ph/sites/default/files/pdf/electric_power/power_supply_demand_highlights_jan_jun_2017.pdf; Turkey from Turkish Electricity Transmission Company (TEİAŞ) website, http://www.teias.gov.tr, viewed April 2018; United States from US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electric Power Monthly, February 2018, Tables 6.3 and 6.4, http://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly, from Ormat, “24 MW Tungsten Mountain geothermal power plant in Nevada begins commercial operation”, press release (Reno, NV: 21 December 2017), http://investor.ormat.com/file/Index?KeyFile=391543763, and from EIA, op. cit. this note, Tables 1.1, 1.1.A and 6.2. Capacity data for all other countries from International Renewable Energy Agency, Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://irena.org/publications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018. See Geothermal Power and Heat section in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes for additional statistics and details."]

{"sheet":"R17","index":113,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"merged":[[3,3,3,4],[4,1,13,1],[15,1,24,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R17: Hydropower Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"Added 2017","Total End-2017"]
[{"$nulls":3},"(GW)"]
[null,"Top Countries by Additions","China","7.3",313]
[null,null,"Brazil","3.4",100]
[null,null,"India","1.9",45]
[null,null,"Angola","1.4",3]
[null,null,"Turkey","0.6",28]
[null,null,"Iran","0.5",11]
[null,null,"Vietnam","0.4",17]
[null,null,"Russian Federation","0.4",48]
[null,null,"Sudan","0.3",3]
[null,null,"Côte d’Ivoire","0.3",1]
[]
[null,"Top Countries by Total Capacity","China","7.3",313]
[null,null,"Brazil","3.411",100]
[null,null,"Canada","0.1",81]
[null,null,"United States","0.1",80]
[null,null,"Russian Federation","0.4",48]
[null,null,"India","1.9",45]
[null,null,"Norway","0.0",30]
[null,null,"Turkey","0.6",28]
[null,null,"Japan","–",23]
[null,null,"France","0.1",19]
[]
[null,"World Total",null,19,1.114]
[]
[null,"Note: Capacity additions are rounded to the nearest 0.1 GW, and totals are rounded to the nearest 1 GW. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data. For more information and statistics, see Hydropower section in Markets and Industry chapter and related endnotes."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 17 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R17 from the following: Global capacity estimates based on data from International Hydropower Association (IHA), personal communications with REN21, March-April 2018. At end-2017, total installed capacity was 1,238 GW, less 152 GW of pumped storage."]

{"sheet":"R18","index":114,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":32,"merged":[[3,3,3,5],[4,1,13,1],[15,1,24,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R18: Solar PV Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2007-2017"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"Total End-2016","Added 2017","Total End-2017"]
[{"$nulls":3},"(GW)"]
[null,"Top Countries by Additions","China","78.1",53.1,131.1]
[null,null,"United States","40.4","10.6",{"v":51,"d":"51.0"}]
[null,null,"India","9.2","9.1","18.3"]
[null,null,"Japan1",42,7,49]
[null,null,"Turkey","0.8","2.6","3.4"]
[null,null,"Germany","40.7","1.7","42.4"]
[null,null,"Australia",{"v":6,"d":"6.0"},"1.3","7.2"]
[null,null,"Republic of Korea","4.4","1.2","5.6"]
[null,null,"United Kingdom","11.8","0.9","12.7"]
[null,null,"Brazil","0.2","0.9","1.1"]
[]
[null,"Top Countries by Total Capacity","China","78.1",53.1,131.1]
[null,null,"United States","40.4","10.6",{"v":51,"d":"51.0"}]
[null,null,"Japan1",42,7,49]
[null,null,"Germany","40.7","1.7","42.4"]
[null,null,"Italy","19.3","0.4","19.7"]
[null,null,"India","9.2","9.1","18.3"]
[null,null,"United Kingdom",{"v":11,"d":"11.0"},"0.9","12.7"]
[null,null,"France","7.2","0.9",{"v":8,"d":"8.0"}]
[null,null,"Australia",{"v":6,"d":"6.0"},"1.3","7.2"]
[null,null,"Spain","5.5","0.1","5.6"]
[]
[null,"World Total",null,303,98,402]
[]
[null,"1 For Japan, estimates for 2017 additions and year-end capacity are available only to the nearest GW."]
[null,"Note: Country data are rounded to the nearest 0.1 GW; world totals are rounded to the nearest 1 GW. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data; where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding. Data are provided in direct current (DC); data for Canada, Chile, Japan and Spain were converted from official data reported in alternating current (AC) into DC by the sources listed for this table. Data are from a variety of sources, some of which differ significantly because of variations in accounting or methodology. For more information, see Solar PV section in the Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes. "]
[null,"Source","See endnote 18 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R18 from the following sources: unless noted otherwise, data for end-2016 from International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (IEA PVPS), Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2017: Survey Report of Selected IEA Countries Between 1992 and 2017 (Paris: 2017), pp. 7, 74, http://iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/public/report/statistics/IEA-PVPS_Trends_2017_in_Photovoltaic_Applications.pdf, and from SolarPower Europe, Global Market Outlook for Solar Power 2017-2021 (Brussels: 2017), http://www.solarpowereurope.org/reports/global-market-outlook-2017/; data for 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018 (Paris: April 2018), pp. 3-6, 10, 15, http://www.iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/public/report/statistics/IEA_PVPS-A_Snapshot_of_Global_PV-1992-2017.pdf, and from sources provided below. This report aims to provide all solar PV data in direct current (DC) units. Note that some countries (e.g., Canada, Chile, Japan since 2012 and Spain) report data officially in alternating current (AC); for consistency across countries, AC data were converted to DC by the relevant sources listed. Additional country sources are listed as follows: China: Additions in 2017 from China National Energy Administration (NEA), cited in “Energy Bureau conference informed of 2017 renewable energy grid operation”, 24 January 2018, http://shupeidian.bjx.com.cn/news/20180124/876448.shtml (using Google Translate); total from NEA, “National power industry statistics list”, 22 January 2018, http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/22/c_136914154.htm (using Google Translate). United States: Total at end-2016 from Becquerel Institute, Brussels, personal communication with REN21, April 2018, and from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2017, op. cit. this note; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, from US Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), “After back-to-back years of double-digit growth, U.S. solar passes 50 GW milestone”, 15 March 2018, https://www.seia.org/blog/after-back-back-years-double-digit-growth-us-solar-passes-50-gw-milestone, and from GTM Research and SEIA, U.S. Solar Market Insight: 2017 Year in Review, Executive Summary (Boston: March 2018), p. 9, https://www.greentechmedia.com/research/subscription/u-s-solar-market-insight. India: Total at end-2016 from Becquerel Institute, op. cit. this note; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 10. Japan: Becquerel Institute, op. cit. this note, 29 March 2018; IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 10. Turkey: Total at end-2016 from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2017, op. cit. this note, p. 74; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 15. Germany: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Zeitreihen zur Entwicklung der erneuerbaren Energien in Deutschland unter Verwendung von Daten der Arbeitsgruppe Erneuerbare Energien-Statistik (AGEE-Stat) (Stand: February 2018), p. 7, https://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/EE/Navigation/DE/Service/Erneuerbare_Energien_in_Zahlen/Zeitreihen/zeitreihen.html. Australia: Total at end-2016 from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2017, op. cit. this note, p. 74; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 10, from Australian PV Institute,  “Australian PV market since April 2001”, figure “Australian PV installations since April 2001: total capacity (kW)”, http://pv-map.apvi.org.au/analyses, viewed 12 April 2018, and from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 10. Republic of Korea: Total at end-2016 from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, op. cit. this note, p. 74; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 10. United Kingdom: UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, “Solar Photovoltaics Deployment in the UK February 2018”, updated 29 March 2018, Table 1, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/solar-photovoltaics-deployment. Brazil: Total at end-2016 from Becquerel Institute, op. cit. this note; additions and total in 2017 from Becquerel Institute, op. cit. this note, 29 March and April 2018, and from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, pp. 3, 6. Italy, France and Spain: Total at year-end 2016 from IEA PVPS, Trends in Photovoltaic Applications, 2017, op. cit. this note, p. 74; additions and total in 2017 from IEA PVPS, Snapshot of Global Photovoltaic Markets 2018, op. cit. this note, p. 15. See Solar PV section in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes for additional statistics and details."]

{"sheet":"R19","index":115,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":19,"merged":[[3,2,3,4]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R19: Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) Global Capacity and Additions, 2017"]
[]
[null,"COUNTRY ","TOTAL END-2016","ADDED 2017","TOTAL END-2017"]
[null,null,"MW"]
[null,"Spain",2.304,0,2.304]
[null,"United States",1.738,0,1.738]
[null,"South Africa",200,100,300]
[null,"India",225,0,225]
[null,"Morocco",166,0,166]
[null,"United Arab Emirates",100,0,100]
[null,"Algeria",20,0,20]
[null,"Egypt",20,0,20]
[null,"Iran",17,0,17]
[null,"China",20,0,20]
[null,"World Total",{"v":4810,"d":"4,810"},100,{"v":4910,"d":"4,910"}]
[]
[null,"Note: Table includes all countries with operating commercial CSP capacity at end-2017. Pilot and demonstration facilities and facilities with capacities of 5 MW or less are excluded from the table. Additional countries that had small (5 MW or less), pilot or demonstration plants in operation by year’s end include Australia (4.1 MW), Canada (1.1 MW), France (0.25 MW), Germany (1.5 MW), Italy (6 MW), Oman (7 MW), Thailand (5 MW) and Turkey (5 MW). National data are rounded to the nearest MW, and world totals are rounded to the nearest 5 MW. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data; where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding. Capacity data reflect net capacity; where it is not possible to verify if reported capacity reflects net or gross capacity, capacity is assumed to be net. For more information, see CSP section in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes. "]
[null,"Source","See endnote 19 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R19 compiled from the following primary sources: NewEnergyUpdate, “CSP today global tracker”, http://tracker.newenergyupdate.com/tracker/projects, viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018; US National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “Concentrating solar power projects”, https://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 27 April 2018 (some subpages are referenced individually throughout this section); Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN21), Renewables 2017 Global Status Report (Paris: 2016), pp. 72-74, 171, http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/17-8399_GSR_2017_Full_Report_0621_Opt.pdf; CSP World, “CSP world map”, http://cspworld.org/cspworldmap, with the page and its subpages viewed on numerous dates leading up to 3 April 2018; International Renewable Energy Agency, Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018 (Abu Dhabi: 2018), http://www.irena.org/publications/2018/Mar/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2018; Luis Crespo, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association, Brussels, personal communication with REN21, 20 April 2018. In some cases, information from the above sources was verified against additional country-specific sources, as cited in the endnotes for the CSP section in the Market and Industry chapter. Global CSP data are based on commercial facilities only; demonstration or pilot facilities are excluded. Discrepancies between REN21 data and other reference sources are due primarily to differences in categorisation and thresholds for inclusion of specific CSP facilities in overall global totals."]

{"sheet":"R20","index":116,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":31,"merged":[[2,2,2,4],[2,5,2,7],[3,2,3,4],[3,5,3,7]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R20: Solar Water Heating Collectors Total Capacity End-2016 and Newly Installed Capacity 2017, Top 20 Countries"]
[]
[null,null,"Total End-2016 ",null,null,"Gross Additions 2017"]
[null,null,"GWth",null,null,"MWth"]
[null,"Country","Glazed","Unglazed","Total","Glazed","Unglazed","Total"]
[null,"China","324.5",0,"324.5",26.082,0,26.082]
[null,"Turkey","14.9",0,"14.9",1.348,0,1.348]
[null,"India","6.7",0,"6.7",1.063,0,1.063]
[null,"Brazil","6.2","3.3","9.6",442,443,884]
[null,"United States","2.1","15.5","17.6",122,536,658]
[null,"Germany","13.2","0.4","13.6",437,0,437]
[null,"Australia","2.5","3.7","6.2",104,266,370]
[null,"Israel","3.2",0,"3.2",298,1,299]
[null,"Mexico","1.6","0.7","2.4",193,80,274]
[null,"Greece","3.1",0,"3.1",221,0,221]
[null,"Spain","2.6","0.1","2.7",138,3,141]
[null,"Italy","3.1",0,"3.1",136,0,136]
[null,"South Africa","0.6","0.8","1.3",50,42,92]
[null,"Poland","1.5",0,"1.5",78,0,78]
[null,"Taipei, China","1.2",0,"1.2",68,0,68]
[null,"Austria","3.4","0.3","3.6",71,0,71]
[null,"Switzerland","1.0","0.1","1.1",42,4,45]
[null,"Tunisia","0.6",0,"0.6",44,0,44]
[null,"Japan","2.5",0,"2.5",43,0,43]
[null,"France","1.5","0.1","1.6",34,0,34]
[null,"Total 20 Top Countries","395.9","25.1","421.0",31.014,1.375,32.388]
[null,"World Total","428.2","27.8","455.9",33.435,1.529,34.964]
[]
[null,"Note: Countries are ordered according to newly installed glazed collector capacity in 2017. Data are for glazed and unglazed water collectors excluding air collectors, which added 1,742,942 m2 to the year-end world total for 2016, and excluding concentrating collectors with 183,052 m2 additional aperture area in 2016. End-2016 data for individual countries, Total 20 Top Countries and World Total are rounded to nearest 0.1 GWth; additions for individual countries, Total 20 Top Countries and World Total are rounded to nearest 1 MWth. Where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding. By accepted convention, 1 million square metres = 0.7 GWth. The year 2016 is the most recent one for which firm global data on total capacity in operation are available. It is estimated, however, that 472 GWth of solar thermal capacity (water and non-concentrating collectors only) was in operation worldwide by end-2017. For 2016 details and source information, see Solar Thermal Heating and Cooling section and related endnotes in Market and Industry chapter."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 20 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R20 from the following sources: cumulative solar thermal capacity in operation nationally and globally at end-2016 from Monika Spörk-Dür, AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC), Gleisdorf, Austria, personal communications with REN21, March-May 2018; Werner Weiss and Monika Spörk-Dür, Solar Heat Worldwide. Global Market Development and Trends in 2017, Detailed Market Figures 2016 (Gleisdorf, Austria: International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC), 2018), http://www.iea-shc.org/solar-heat-worldwide. Gross additions on a national level from the following associations and experts: David Ferrari, Sustainability Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Werner Weiss, AEE INTEC, Vienna, Austria; Marcelo Mesquita, ABRASOL, São Paulo, Brazil; Hongzhi Cheng, Shandong SunVision Management Consulting, Dezhou, China; Marco Tepper, BSW Solar, Berlin, Germany; Edwige Porcheyre, Uniclima, Paris, France; Costas Travasaros, Greek Solar Industry Association (EBHE), Piraeus, Greece; Jaideep Malaviya, Solar Thermal Federation of India, Pune, India; Eli Shilton, Elsol, Kohar-yair, Israel; Federico Musazzi, ANIMA, the Federation of Italian Associations in the Mechanical and Engineering Industries, Milan, Italy; Kumiko Saito, Solar System Development Association, Tokyo, Japan; Daniel Garcia, Solar Thermal Manufacturers Organisation (FAMERAC), Mexico City, Mexico; Janusz Staroscik, Association of Manufacturers and Importers of Heating Appliances (SPIUG), Warsaw, Poland; Karin Kritzinger, Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Pascual Polo, Spanish Solar Thermal Association (ASIT), Madrid, Spain; David Stickelberger, Swissolar, Zurich, Switzerland; Kung-Ming Chung, Energy Research Center of the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Chinese Taipei; Abdelkader Baccouche, ANME, Tunis, Tunisia; Turkey from Kutay Ülke, Bural Heating, Kayseri, Turkey and from Krystyna Dawson, BSRIA, Berkshire, United Kingdom; Les Nelson, Solar Heating & Cooling Programs at the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, Ontario, CA, United States, all personal communications with REN21, February-April 2017. The additions for Australia are preliminary, and the share of vacuum tube collectors within the new glazed collector area was assumed to be 10%,  in GSR 2016. China and world data reflect an assumption that systems have a lifetime of 10 years in China, 14 years in Turkey, 20 years in Germany and 25 years in all other countries. Total gross additions worldwide for 2017 are based on estimates from Spörk-Dür, op. cit. this note. "]

{"sheet":"R21","index":117,"n_rows":34,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":34,"merged":[[3,3,3,5],[4,1,13,1],[15,1,24,1]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R21: Wind Power Global Capacity and Additions, Top 10 Countries, 2017"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"Total End-2016","Added 2017 ","Total End-2017"]
[{"$nulls":3},"(GW)"]
[null,"Top Countries by Additions","China1","149/168.7","15/19.7","164/188.4"]
[null,null,"United States","82.0","7.0","89.0"]
[null,null,"Germany2","50.0","6.1","56.1"]
[null,null,"United Kingdom","14.6","4.3","18.9"]
[null,null,"India","28.7","4.1","32.8"]
[null,null,"Brazil","10.7","2.0","12.8"]
[null,null,"France","12.1","1.7","13.8"]
[null,null,"Turkey","6.1","0.8","6.9"]
[null,null,"South Africa","1.5","0.6","2.1"]
[null,null,"Finland","1.5","0.5","2.1"]
[]
[null,"Top Countries by Total Capacity","China1","149/168.7","15/19.7","164/188.4"]
[null,null,"United States","82.0","7.0",89]
[null,null,"Germany2","50.0","6.1","56.1"]
[null,null,"India","28.7","4.1","32.8"]
[null,null,"Spain","23.1","0.1","23.2"]
[null,null,"United Kingdom","14.6","4.3","18.9"]
[null,null,"France","12.1","1.7","13.8"]
[null,null,"Brazil","10.7","2.0","12.8"]
[null,null,"Canada","11.9","0.3","12.2"]
[null,null,"Italy","9.2","0.3","9.5"]
[]
[null,"World Total",null,487,52,539]
[]
[null,"1 For China, data to the left of the “/” are the amounts officially classified as connected to the grid and operational (receiving FIT premium) by year’s end; data to the right are total installed capacity, most, if not all, of which was connected to substations by year’s end. The world totals include the higher figures for China. (See Wind Power text and related endnotes for more details.)"]
[null,"2 For Germany, some onshore capacity was decommissioned in 2017; number in table is net additions. (See Wind Power section in Market and Industry Trends chapter and related endnotes for more details.)"]
[]
[null,"Note: Country data are rounded to the nearest 0.1 GW; world data are rounded to the nearest GW. Rounding is to account for uncertainties and inconsistencies in available data; where totals do not add up, the difference is due to rounding or repowering/removal of existing projects. Data reflect a variety of sources, some of which differ quite significantly, reflecting variations in accounting or methodology. For more information, see Wind Power text and related endnotes in Market and Industry chapter."]
[null,"Source","See endnote 21 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R21 from the following sources: unless noted otherwise, data are from Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC), Global Wind Report – Annual Market Update 2017 (Brussels: April 2018), p. 17, http://files.gwec.net/files/GWR2017.pdf, and European data also from WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017: Annual Combined Onshore and Offshore Wind Statistics (Brussels: February 2018), pp. 7, 9, https://windeurope.org/wp-content/uploads/files/about-wind/statistics/WindEurope-Annual-Statistics-2017.pdf. China: Official total at end-2016 from China National Energy Board, cited in China National Energy Administration (NEA), “2016 wind power and grid operation”, 26 January 2017, www.nea.gov.cn/2017-01/26/c_136014615.htm (using Google Translate); official additions and total in 2017 from China National Energy Board, cited in NEA, “Wind grid operation in 2017”, 1 February 2018, http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-02/01/c_136942234.htm (using Google Translate). Unofficial data for 2016 and 2017 are all from China Wind Energy Association, “2017 China wind power lifting capacity statistics presentation”, 3 April 2018 (using Google Translate), provided by Liming Qiao, GWEC, personal communication with REN21, 2 May 2018; from GWEC, op. cit. this note, p. 17; and from FTI Consulting, Global Wind Market Update – Demand & Supply 2017, Part Two – Demand Side Analysis (London: April 2018), p. 51, https://fti-intelligencestore.com/index.php?route=download/main&download_id=160. United States: Total at end-2016 from American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), U.S. Wind Industry Fourth Quarter 2017 Market Report (Washington, DC: 25 January 2018), p. 4, http://awea.files.cms-plus.com/FileDownloads/pdfs/4Q%202017%20AWEA%20Market%20Report%20Public%20Version.pdf; additions and total in 2017 from AWEA, AWEA U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report Year Ending 2017 (Washington, DC: April 2018). Germany: WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note, p. 9; WindEurope, personal communication with REN21, 30 April 2018. See also Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), Zeitreihen zur Entwicklung der erneuerbaren Energien in Deutschland (Stand: February 2017) (Berlin: March 2017), p. 7, http://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/EE/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/zeitreihen-zur-entwicklung-der-erneuerbaren-energien-in-deutschland-1990-2016.pdf. United Kingdom: WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note; the United Kingdom added a net of 3,619 MW for a total of 19,837 MW, from UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, “Energy Trends: Renewables, Section 6, Renewable electricity capacity and generation”, p. 69, updated 12 April 2018, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy-trends-section-6-renewables. India: Total at end-2016 from GWEC, op. cit. this note, p. 17; additions and total in 2017 based on data from Government of India, Ministry of Power, Central Electricity Authority (CEA), All India Installed Capacity, Monthly Report January 2018 (New Delhi: 2018), Table: “All India installed capacity (in MW) of power stations (as on 31.01.2018) (Utilities)”, http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2018/installed_capacity-01.pdf, and from Government of India, Ministry of Power, CEA, All India Installed Capacity, Monthly Report January 2017 (New Delhi: 2017), Table: “All India installed capacity (in MW) of power stations (as on 31.01.2017) (Utilities)”, http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2017/installed_capacity-01.pdf. Brazil: Total at end-2016 from GWEC, op. cit. this note, p. 17; additions and total in 2017 from Associaҫão Brasileira de Energia Eólica, “Brasil sobe mais uma posição no Ranking mundial de capacidade instalada de energia eólica”, 15 February 2018, http://www.abeeolica.org.br/noticias/brasil-sobe-mais-uma-posicao-no-ranking-mundial-de-capacidade-instalada-de-energia-eolica/ (using Google Translate), and from GWEC, op. cit. this note, p. 17. France: WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note. France had 11,670 MW in operation as of 31 December 2016, from Réseau de transport d’électricité (RTE), Bilan Électrique Français 2016: Synthèse presse (Paris: 2016), p. 5, http://www.rte-france.com/sites/default/files/2016_bilan_electrique_synthese.pdf, and added 1,797 MW in 2017 for a year-end total of 13,559 MW, from RTE, Panorama de L'Électricité Renouvelable en 2017 (Paris: 2018), p. 13, http://www.rte-france.com/sites/default/files/panorama_enr_2017.pdf. Turkey: Turkish Wind Energy Association, Türkiye Rüzgar Enerjisi Istatistik Ӧzet Raporu (Ankara: January 2018), p. 4, http://www.tureb.com.tr/files/tureb_sayfa/duyurular/2018/02_subat/turkiye_ruzgar_enerjisi_istatistik_ozet_raporu.pdf; WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note. South Africa: GWEC, op. cit. this note, p. 17. Finland and Spain: WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note. Canada: End-2016 from Canadian Wind Energy Association (CanWEA), “Powering Canada’s Future”, December 2017, https://canwea.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Canada-Current-Installed-Capacity_e.pdf; 2017 from CanWEA, “Installed capacity”, https://canwea.ca/wind-energy/installed-capacity/, viewed 31 January 2018. Italy: WindEurope, Wind in Power 2017, op. cit. this note; Italy added 252 MW in 2017 for a total of 9,485 MW, from FTI Consulting, op. cit. this note, p. 50. See Wind Power section in Market and Industry chapter and related endnotes for additional statistics and details."]

{"sheet":"R22","index":118,"n_rows":143,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":143,"merged":[[10,1,10,4],[13,1,14,1],[13,2,14,2],[13,3,14,3],[49,1,50,1],[49,2,50,2],[49,3,50,3],[60,1,62,1],[60,2,62,2],[60,3,62,3],[68,1,70,1],[68,2,70,2],[68,3,70,3],[71,1,71,4],[90,1,90,4],[100,1,101,1],[100,2,101,2],[100,3,101,3],[116,1,116,4],[130,1,130,4]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R22: Electricity Access by Region and Country, 2016 and Targets"]
[]
[null,"World/Region/Country","Electrification Rate in 2016","People Without Access to Electricity in 2016","Targets"]
[null,null,"Share of population with access","Millions","Share of population with access"]
[null,"Africa",{"v":0.52,"d":"52%"},588]
[null,"North Africa",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"< 1"]
[null,"Sub-Saharan Africa",{"v":0.43,"d":"43%"},588]
[null,"Developing Asia",{"v":0.89,"d":"89%"},439]
[null,"Central and South America",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},17]
[null,"Middle East",{"v":0.93,"d":"93%"},17]
[null,"Africa"]
[null,"Algeria",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Angola",{"v":0.35,"d":"35%"},17,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Benin",{"v":0.32,"d":"32%"},8,"5% by 2025 (urban)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"65% by 2025 (rural)"]
[null,"Botswana",{"v":0.55,"d":"55%"},1,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Burkina Faso",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},15,"100 by 2025"]
[null,"Burundi",{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},10,"25% by 2025"]
[null,"Cabo Verde",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},"0.2","100% by 2020"]
[null,"Cameroon",{"v":0.63,"d":"63%"},9]
[null,"Central African Republic",{"v":0.03,"d":"3%"},5,"50% by 2030"]
[null,"Chad",{"v":0.09,"d":"9%"},13]
[null,"Comoros",{"v":0.71,"d":"71%"},"0.2"]
[null,"Congo",{"v":0.43,"d":"43%"},3]
[null,"Côte d'Ivoire",{"v":0.63,"d":"63%"},9,"100% by 2025"]
[null,"Congo, Democratic Republic of ",{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},68,"60% by 2025"]
[null,"Djibouti",{"v":0.42,"d":"42%"},"0.5","100% by 2035"]
[null,"Egypt",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Equatorial Guinea",{"v":0.68,"d":"68%"},"0.3"]
[null,"Eritrea",{"v":0.33,"d":"33%"},4]
[null,"Ethiopia",{"v":0.4,"d":"40%"},61,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Gabon",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},"0.2"]
[null,"Gambia",{"v":0.48,"d":"48%"},1,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Ghana",{"v":0.84,"d":"84%"},5,"100% by 2020"]
[null,"Guinea",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},10,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau",{"v":0.13,"d":"13%"},2,"80% by 2030"]
[null,"Kenya",{"v":0.65,"d":"65%"},17,"100% by 2022"]
[null,"Lesotho",{"v":0.34,"d":"34%"},1,"40% by 2020"]
[null,"Liberia",{"v":0.12,"d":"12%"},4,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Libya",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Madagascar",{"v":0.23,"d":"23%"},19]
[null,"Malawi",{"v":0.11,"d":"11%"},16,"30% by 2020"]
[null,"Mali",{"v":0.41,"d":"41%"},11,"87% by 2030"]
[null,"Mauritania",{"v":0.31,"d":"31%"},3]
[null,"Mauritius",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Morocco",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"0.4"]
[null,"Mozambique",{"v":0.29,"d":"29%"},21," 100% by 2025"]
[null,"Namibia",{"v":0.56,"d":"56%"},1]
[null,"Niger",{"v":0.11,"d":"11%"},18,"65% by 2030"]
[null,"Nigeria",{"v":0.61,"d":"61%"},74,"75% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":4},"90% by 2030"]
[null,"Rwanda",{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},8,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"São Tomé and Príncipe",{"v":0.59,"d":"59%"},"0.1"]
[null,"Senegal",{"v":0.64,"d":"64%"},6,"100% by 2025"]
[null,"Seychelles",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Sierra Leone",{"v":0.09,"d":"9%"},6,"100% by 2025"]
[null,"Somalia",{"v":0.16,"d":"16%"},9]
[null,"South Africa",{"v":0.86,"d":"86%"},8,"100% by 2019"]
[null,"South Sudan",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},13]
[null,"Sudan",{"v":0.46,"d":"46%"},22]
[null,"Swaziland",{"v":0.84,"d":"84%"},"<1","75% by 2018"]
[{"$nulls":4},"85% by 2020"]
[{"$nulls":4},"100% by 2025"]
[null,"Tanzania",{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},36,"75% by 2030"]
[null,"Togo",{"v":0.35,"d":"35%"},5,"82% by 2030"]
[null,"Tunisia",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Uganda",{"v":0.19,"d":"19%"},33,"98% by 2030"]
[null,"Zambia",{"v":0.34,"d":"34%"},11,"66% by 2030"]
[null,"Zimbabwe",{"v":0.34,"d":"34%"},11,"66% by 2030"]
[{"$nulls":4},"90% by 2030 (urban)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"51% by 2030 (rural)"]
[null,"Developing Asia"]
[null,"Bangladesh",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},41,"100% by 2021"]
[null,"Brunei",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Cambodia",{"v":0.6,"d":"60%"},6,"70% by 2030 (Rural)"]
[null,"China",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"India",{"v":0.82,"d":"82%"},239,"100% by 2019"]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},23]
[null,"Lao PDR",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},"<1"]
[null,"Korea DPR",{"v":0.27,"d":"27%"},19,"90% by 2017"]
[null,"Malaysia",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Mongolia",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},"0.3"]
[null,"Myanmar",{"v":0.59,"d":"59%"},22,"87% by 2030"]
[null,"Nepal",{"v":0.77,"d":"77%"},7]
[null,"Pakistan",{"v":0.74,"d":"74%"},51]
[null,"Philippines",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},11]
[null,"Singapore",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Sri Lanka",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Vietnam",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},2]
[null,"Central and South America"]
[null,"Argentina","99.6%","<1"]
[null,"Barbados",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Bolivia",{"v":0.92,"d":"92%"},"< 1","100% by 2025 (rural)"]
[null,"Brazil","99.6%","< 1"]
[null,"Chile",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Colombia",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},1,"97.45% by 2017"]
[null,"Costa Rica","99.2%","< 1"]
[null,"Cuba",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Dominican Republic",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},"0.3"]
[null,"Ecuador",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},"0.5","98.9% by 2022 (urban)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"96.3% by 2022 (rural)"]
[null,"El Salvador",{"v":0.96,"d":"96%"},"0.4"]
[null,"Guatemala",{"v":0.94,"d":"94%"},1]
[null,"Haiti",{"v":0.33,"d":"33%"},7,"50% by 2020"]
[null,"Honduras",{"v":0.76,"d":"76%"},2]
[null,"Jamaica","99.5%","0.2"]
[null,"Mexico",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Nicaragua",{"v":0.89,"d":"89%"},"<1"]
[null,"Panama",{"v":0.96,"d":"96%"},"0.3"]
[null,"Paraguay",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"0.1"]
[null,"Peru",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},2]
[null,"Suriname",{"v":0.87,"d":"87%"},"0.1"]
[null,"Trinidad and Tobago",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Uruguay","99.9%","<1"]
[null,"Venezuela","99.5%","<1"]
[null,"Middle East"]
[null,"Bahrain",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Iran",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Iraq",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Jordan",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Kuwait",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Lebanon",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Oman","99.6%","<1"]
[null,"State of Palestine1",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Qatar",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"<1"]
[null,"Saudi Arabia",{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},"0.2"]
[null,"Syria",{"v":0.96,"d":"96%"},"<1"]
[null,"United Arab Emirates",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},0]
[null,"Yemen",{"v":0.48,"d":"48%"},14]
[null,"Oceania"]
[null,"Federated States of Micronesia",{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"<1","90% by 2020 (rural)2"]
[null,"All Developing Countries",{"v":0.82,"d":"82%"},1.06]
[null,"World3",{"v":0.86,"d":"86%"},1.06]
[]
[null,"1 The area of the State of Palestine is included in the World Bank country classification as \"West Bank and Gaza\"."]
[null,"2 For the Federated States of Micronesia, rural electrification rate is defined by electrification of all islands outside of the four that host the state capital (which is considered urban)."]
[null,"3 Includes countries in the OECD and economies in transition."]
[]
[null,"Disclaimer: The tracking of data related to energy access and DRE systems is a challenging process. Discrepancies or inconsistencies with past reporting may be due to improvements in data collection."]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 22 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R22 derived from the following sources: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2017 Energy Access Database, http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/resources/energydevelopment/energyaccessdatabase/, viewed 26 April 2018; Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL), Africa Hub Country Database, https://www.se4all-africa.org/se4all-in-africa/country-data/, viewed 30 April 2018; World Bank, Access to Electricity Database,  https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, viewed 30 April 2018; Power for All, Energy Access Target Tracker, 2017, viewed 26 April 2018."]

{"sheet":"R23","index":119,"n_rows":124,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":124,"merged":[[15,1,16,1],[15,2,16,2],[15,3,16,3],[48,1,49,1],[48,2,49,2],[48,3,49,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R23: Population Without Access to Clean Cooking by Region and Country, 2015"]
[]
[null,"World/Region/Country","Population Without Access to Clean Cooking in 2015","Population Without Access to Clean Cooking in 2015","Targets "]
[null,null,"Share of population","Millions"," Share of population with access to clean cooking"]
[null,"Africa",{"v":0.71,"d":"71%"},848]
[null,"Sub-Saharan Africa",{"v":0.84,"d":"84%"},846]
[null,"North Africa",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"2.1"]
[null,"Developing Asia",{"v":0.49,"d":"49%"},1.874]
[null,"Central and South America",{"v":0.12,"d":"12%"},59]
[null,"Middle East",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},12]
[null,"Africa"]
[null,"Algeria",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0,0]
[null,"Angola",{"v":0.61,"d":"61%"},15,"100% by 2030"]
[null,"Benin",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},10]
[null,"Botswana",{"v":0.43,"d":"43%"},"<1"]
[null,"Burkina Faso",{"v":0.87,"d":"87%"},16,"100% by 2030 (urban)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"65% by 2030 (rural)"]
[null,"Burundi",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},11]
[null,"Cabo Verde",{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},"0.2","100% by 2020 "]
[null,"Cameroon",{"v":0.77,"d":"77%"},18]
[null,"Central African Republic",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},5]
[null,"Chad",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},13]
[null,"Comoros",{"v":0.93,"d":"93%"},"<1"]
[null,"Congo",{"v":0.84,"d":"84%"},4]
[null,"Côte d'Ivoire",{"v":0.77,"d":"77%"},17]
[null,"Congo, Democratic Republic of",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},75]
[null,"Djibouti",{"v":0.94,"d":"94%"},"<1"]
[null,"Egypt",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"<1"]
[null,"Equatorial Guinea",{"v":0.77,"d":"77%"},"<1"]
[null,"Eritrea",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},5]
[null,"Ethiopia",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},94,"100% by 2025 "]
[null,"Gabon",{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},"<1"]
[null,"Gambia",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},2,"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Ghana",{"v":0.71,"d":"71%"},20,"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Guinea",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},12,"50% by 2025 "]
[null,"Guinea-Bissau",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},2,"75% by 2030 "]
[null,"Kenya",{"v":0.86,"d":"86%"},40,"100% by 2022 "]
[null,"Lesotho",{"v":0.63,"d":"63%"},1]
[null,"Liberia",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},5,"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Libya",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Madagascar",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},24]
[null,"Malawi",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},17]
[null,"Mali",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},9,"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Mauritania",{"v":0.66,"d":"66%"},3]
[null,"Mauritius",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"<1"]
[null,"Morocco",{"v":0.03,"d":"3%"},"1.2"]
[null,"Mozambique",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},27]
[null,"Namibia",{"v":0.55,"d":"55%"},1]
[null,"Niger",{"v":0.97,"d":"97%"},19,"100% by 2030 (urban)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"60% by 2030 (rural)"]
[null,"Nigeria",{"v":0.94,"d":"94%"},171]
[null,"Rwanda",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},12,"100% by 2030 "]
[null,"São Tomé and Príncipe",{"v":0.4,"d":"40%"},"<1"]
[null,"Senegal",{"v":0.71,"d":"71%"},11]
[null,"Seychelles",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"<1"]
[null,"Sierra Leone",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},6]
[null,"Somalia",{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},11]
[null,"South Africa",{"v":0.18,"d":"18%"},10]
[null,"South Sudan",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},12]
[null,"Sudan",{"v":0.65,"d":"65%"},26]
[null,"Swaziland",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"<1","100% by 2030 "]
[null,"Tanzania",{"v":0.96,"d":"96%"},51,"75% by 2030 "]
[null,"Togo",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},7,"80% by 2030 "]
[null,"Tunisia",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"<1"]
[null,"Uganda",{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},38,"99% by 2030 "]
[null,"Zambia",{"v":0.87,"d":"87%"},14]
[null,"Zimbabwe",{"v":0.71,"d":"71%"},11]
[null,"Developing Asia"]
[null,"Bangladesh",{"v":0.83,"d":"83%"},133]
[null,"Cambodia",{"v":0.83,"d":"83%"},13]
[null,"China ",{"v":0.33,"d":"33%"},457]
[null,"India",{"v":0.64,"d":"64%"},834]
[null,"Indonesia",{"v":0.32,"d":"32%"},83]
[null,"Lao PDR",">95%",7]
[null,"Korea DPR",{"v":0.46,"d":"46%"},12]
[null,"Malaysia",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Mongolia",{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},2]
[null,"Myanmar",{"v":0.94,"d":"94%"},51]
[null,"Nepal",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},20]
[null,"Pakistan",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},95]
[null,"Philippines",{"v":0.62,"d":"62%"},62]
[null,"Singapore",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Sri Lanka",{"v":0.83,"d":"83%"},17]
[null,"Thailand",{"v":0.26,"d":"26%"},18]
[null,"Vietnam",{"v":0.41,"d":"41%"},37]
[null,"Central and South America"]
[null,"Argentina",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Bolivia",{"v":0.17,"d":"17%"},2]
[null,"Brazil",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},10]
[null,"Chile",{"v":0.07,"d":"7%"},"1.3"]
[null,"Colombia",{"v":0.13,"d":"13%"},"6.4"]
[null,"Costa Rica",{"v":0.06,"d":"6%"},"<1"]
[null,"Cuba",{"v":0.06,"d":"6%"},"<1"]
[null,"Dominican Republic",{"v":0.12,"d":"12%"},1]
[null,"Ecuador",{"v":0.06,"d":"6%"},"0.4"]
[null,"El Salvador",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},"1.2"]
[null,"Guatemala",{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},5]
[null,"Haiti",{"v":0.93,"d":"93%"},"9.9"]
[null,"Honduras",{"v":0.53,"d":"53%"},"4.2"]
[null,"Jamaica",{"v":0.13,"d":"13%"},"0.3"]
[null,"Mexico",{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},"19.1"]
[null,"Nicaragua",{"v":0.52,"d":"52%"},"3.2"]
[null,"Panama",{"v":0.14,"d":"14%"},"0.6"]
[null,"Paraguay",{"v":0.41,"d":"41%"},"2.2"]
[null,"Peru",{"v":0.32,"d":"32%"},"10.1"]
[null,"Venezuela",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"<1"]
[null,"Middle East"]
[null,"Bahrain",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"<1"]
[null,"Iran",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"<1"]
[null,"Iraq",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"0.2"]
[null,"Jordan",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Kuwait",{"v":0,"d":"0%"},0]
[null,"Lebanon",{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},"<1"]
[null,"Oman",{"v":0.02,"d":"2%"},"<1"]
[null,"Yemen",{"v":0.39,"d":"39%"},11]
[null,"All Developing Countries",{"v":0.49,"d":"49%"},2.792]
[null,"World[1]",{"v":0.38,"d":"38%"},2.792]
[]
[null,"[1] Includes countries in the OECD and economies in transition."]
[]
[null,"Disclaimer: The tracking of data related to energy access and DRE systems is a challenging process. Discrepancies or inconsistencies with past reporting may be due to improvements in data collection."]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 23 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R23 derived from the following sources: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2017 Energy Access Database, http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/resources/energydevelopment/energyaccessdatabase/, viewed 26 April 2018; targets from SE4ALL, op. cit. note XX, viewed 26 April 2018; Chile and Mexico from World Bank, Access to Clean Fuels and Technologies for Cooking Database, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS?locations=MX."]

{"sheet":"R24","index":120,"n_rows":40,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":40,"merged":[[4,1,5,1],[4,2,5,2],[10,1,11,1],[10,3,11,3],[18,1,19,1],[18,2,19,2],[18,3,19,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R24: Programmes Furthering Energy Access, Selected Examples"]
[]
[null,"Name","Brief Description","Web Address"]
[]
[null,"ACP-EU Energy Facility","A co-financing instrument that works to increase access to sustainable and affordable energy services in impoverished rural and peri-urban areas of African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries by involving local authorities and communities.","https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/regions/african-caribbean-and-pacific-acp-region/acp-multi-country-cooperation/energy_en"]
[{"$nulls":3},"http://energyfacilitymonitoring.eu/"]
[null,"Africa-EU Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme (RECP)","A programme that contributes to the African EU Energy Partnership’s political targets of increasing renewable energy use and bringing modern access to at least an additional 100 million people by 2020. It provides policy advice, private sector co-operation, project preparation support activities and capacity development.","http://www.euei-pdf.org/africa-eu-renewable-energy-cooperation-programme-recp "]
[null,"Asian Development Bank (ADB) – Energy for All Initiative","An initiative that strengthens the ADB’s investments in energy access. Energy for All offers a suite of services to sustainable energy companies, depending on their level of maturity. Its intention is to build a dynamic ecosystem where technology innovation and application flow seamlessly across borders in Asia.","https://www.energyforall.asia/eforall_initiative/about_the_initiative"]
[null,"Central America Clean Cooking Initiative  (CACCI)","An initiative that aims to help scale up clean cooking solutions in countries such as Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and possibly El Salvador. Activities to be financed by the grant include development of a roadmap to achieve universal clean cooking access by 2030. The roadmap will build on the regional Sustainable Energy Strategy 2020.","https://www.esmap.org/node/4006 "]
[null,"CleanStart","Developed by the UN Capital Development Fund and United Nations Development Programme to help poor households and micro-entrepreneurs access micro-financing for low-cost clean energy. By 2020, it aims to invest USD 26 million in six countries in Asia and Africa to set 500,000 people on a clean energy pathway, thereby affecting the lives of more than 2.5 million people.","http://www.uncdf.org/en/cleanstart "]
[null,"Electrification Financing Initiative (ElectriFI)","A flexible financial facility funded by the European Commission and managed by the Association of European Development Finance Institutions.","http://electrifi.eu/  "]
[null,null,"ElectriFI aims to support investments that increase and/or improve access to modern, affordable and sustainable energy services."]
[null,"Energising Development (EnDev)","A multilateral initiative supported by the governments of the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It operates in 25 countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America with the aim of facilitating sustainable access to modern energy services. By December 2016, EnDev had facilitated 17.3 million people, 19,400 social institutions and 38,600 small enterprises to gain sustainable access to modern energy services. ","http://endev.info/ "]
[null,"Energy & Environment Partnership (EEP) Southern and East Africa","A challenge fund that promotes renewable energy, energy efficiency and clean technology investments in Southern and East Africa. EEP supports projects that aim to provide sustainable energy services to the poor and to combat climate change. The EEP Programme is jointly funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, the Austrian Development Agency and the UK Department for International Development.","http://eepafrica.org/"]
[null,"Energy & Environment Partnership (EEP) Mekong","A programme that focuses on increasing and improving access of rural populations to sustainable and affordable energy services and products in five countries – Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam – in collaboration with government partners. ","http://eepmekong.org/  "]
[null,"Energy Access Ventures Fund","A private equity fund that invests in small and medium-sized enterprises active in electricity generation and distribution and electricity-related services in sub-Saharan Africa. The fund focuses on off-grid rural electrification, in particular solar home systems, micro-grid infrastructure and other small/micro-scale renewable energy and hybrid technologies.","http://www.eavafrica.com  "]
[null,"EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund (ITF)","A fund that combines grants and loans from the EU and its Member States and banks to support local infrastructure projects, notably in electricity generation. Since 2007, more than EUR 50 million has been allocated to projects focusing on energy access.","http://www.eu-africa-infrastructure-tf.net/about/index.htm "]
[null,"Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GACC)","A public-private partnership created with the goal of enabling the adoption of 100 million clean and efficient cook stoves and fuels by 2020. GACC uses a market-based approach to bring together diverse groups of actors across government, development, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), academia and the private sector to save lives, improve livelihoods, empower women and protect the environment through initiatives designed to catalyse and champion the sector, mobilise resources, promote standards and testing, and co-ordinate sector knowledge and research.","http://www.cleancookstoves.org/the-alliance/ "]
[null,"Global Lighting and Energy Access Partnership (Global LEAP)","An initiative of the Clean Energy Ministerial that includes more than 10 governments and development partners. It provides support for quality assurance frameworks and programmes that encourage market transformation towards super-efficient technologies for off-grid use, including the Global LEAP Awards for Outstanding Off-Grid Products.  ","http://globalleap.org/"]
[]
[null,"Green Climate Fund (GCF)","A fund established by 194 countries party to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 2010 that aims to mobilise funding at scale to invest in low-emission and climate-resilient development in developing countries.  The fund is to mobilise USD 100 billion per year by 2020.","http://news.gcfund.org/https://www.greenclimate.fund/home "]
[null,"Green Mini-grids Helpdesk","A platform supported by the African Development Bank (AfDB) providing a complete information service for developers of green mini-grids in Africa. The resource was developed by Energy4Impact and Inensus.","http://greenminigrid.se4all-africa.org/  "]
[null,"IDEAS – Energy Innovation Contest","A contest launched in 2009 that supports the implementation of innovative projects in the areas of renewable energy, energy efficiency and energy access in Latin America and the Caribbean by promoting innovative energy solutions that can be replicated and scaled up in the region. ","http://www.iadb.org/en/topics/energy/ideas/ideas,3808.html "]
[null,"IRENA – Abu Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) Facility","A partnership between IRENA and the ADFD to provide and facilitate finance for renewable energy projects in developing countries. ADFD provides concessional loans of USD 5 million to USD 15 million to renewable energy projects in developing countries over seven funding rounds of approximately USD 50 million each. The Facility is running its fifth round and since 2012 has allocated USD 189 million to 19 renewable energy projects. ","http://adfd.irena.org/ "]
[null,"Lighting a Billion Lives","A global initiative launched in 2008, steered by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), to facilitate access to clean lighting and cooking solutions for energy-starved communities. The programme operates on an entrepreneurial model of energy service delivery to provide innovative, affordable and reliable off-grid solar solutions. As of March 2016, it had facilitated access to clean lighting and cooking solutions for more than 4.5 million people in India, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.","http://labl.teriin.org/ "]
[null,"Lighting Africa","An IFC and World Bank programme to accelerate the development of sustainable markets for affordable, modern off-grid lighting solutions for low-income households and micro-enterprises across Africa. ","http://www.lightingafrica.org/ "]
[null,"Lighting Asia","An IFC market transformation programme aimed at increasing access to clean, affordable energy in Asia by promoting modern off-grid lighting products, systems and mini-grid connections. The programme works with the private sector to remove market entry barriers, provide market intelligence, foster business-to-business linkages and raise consumer awareness of modern lighting options. ","http://www.lightingasia.org/ "]
[null,"OPEC Fund for International Development (OFID)","A development aid institution with a 40-year standing and a presence in over 130 countries. It works in co-operation with developing country partners and the international donor community to stimulate economic growth and alleviate poverty. Since 2008, the year that OFID launched its Energy for the Poor Initiative (EPI), energy poverty alleviation has been the primary strategic focus. In June 2012, the OFID Ministerial Council committed a minimum of USD 1 billion to bolster activities under the EPI, and in 2013 it turned this commitment from a one-time obligation to a revolving pledge.","http://www.ofid.org/ "]
[null,"Power Africa’s Beyond the Grid Initiative","An initiative launched in 2014 focused on unlocking investment and growth for off-grid and small-scale energy solutions on the African continent. Beyond the Grid has partnered with over 40 investors and practitioners that have committed to invest over USD 1 billion in off-grid and small-scale energy. The goal is to provide energy access to 1 million people.","https://www.usaid.gov/powerafrica/beyondthegrid  "]
[null,"Readiness for Investment in Sustainable Energy (RISE)","A World Bank Group project providing indicators that compare the investment climate of countries across the three focus areas of the SEforALL initiative: energy access, energy efficiency and renewable energy.","http://rise.worldbank.org/ "]
[null,"Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP)","A partnership that invests in clean energy markets in developing countries to reduce CO2 emissions and build prosperity. Based on a strategic portfolio of high-impact projects, it works to generate energy access, improve lives and economic opportunities, build sustainable markets and combat climate change. REEEP has formed partnerships with more than 120 governments, banks, businesses, NGOs and inter-governmental organisations and has invested about USD 20 million (EUR 16.4 million) in more than 145 projects.  ","http://www.reeep.org/ "]
[null,"Scaling Up Renewable Energy in Low Income Countries (SREP)","A Strategic Climate Fund programme that was established to expand renewable energy markets and scale up renewable energy deployment in the world’s poorest countries. To date, USD 264 million has been approved for 23 projects and programmes. An additional USD 1.9 billion in co-financing is expected from other sources.","https://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/cif/node/67 "]
[null,"Small-Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund (S3IDF)","A fund that promotes a Social Merchant Bank approach to help local entrepreneurs create micro-enterprises that provide infrastructure services to the poor. As of early 2015, it had a portfolio of almost 200 small investments and associated enterprises in India, and an additional 100 projects in the pipeline.","http://s3idf.org/ "]
[null,"SNV Netherlands Development Organisation – Biogas Practice","A multi-actor sector development approach that supports the preparation and implementation of national biogas programmes throughout the world. In co-operation with its partners, by end-2015 SNV had installed over 700,000 bio-digesters in Asia, Africa and Latin America, impacting 3.5 million people.","http://www.snv.org/sector/energy/topic/biogas  "]
[null,"Sustainable Energy for All Initiative (SEforALL)","A global initiative of former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon with three objectives for 2030: achieving universal access to electricity and clean cooking solutions; doubling the share of the world’s energy supplied by renewable sources; and doubling the rate of improvement in energy efficiency. ","http://www.se4all.org "]
[null,"Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa (SEFA)","A fund administered by the AfDB and anchored by a Danish government commitment of USD 57 million to support small and medium-scale clean energy and energy efficiency projects in Africa through grants for technical assistance and capacity building, investment capital and guidance.","http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-and-sectors/initiatives-partnerships/sustainable-energy-fund-for-africa/ "]
[null,"US Agency for International Development (USAID) Development Innovation Ventures (DIV) ","A USAID open competition supporting breakthrough solutions to the world's most intractable development challenges—interventions that could change millions of lives at a fraction of the usual cost.","https://www.usaid.gov/div "]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 24 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R24 from submissions by report contributors and from various institutional reports and websites."]

{"sheet":"R25","index":121,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":30,"merged":[[4,1,5,1],[4,2,5,2],[22,1,23,1],[22,2,23,2],[22,3,23,3]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R25: International Networks Furthering Energy Access, Selected Examples"]
[]
[null,"Name","Brief Description","Web Address"]
[null,"Africa Mini-grid Developers Association (AMDA)","An association representing efforts by the mini-grid development industry to alleviate the problem of energy access with sustainable and environmentally friendly renewable energy mini-grids. AMDA is active in Kenya and Tanzania through advocacy, promotion and co-ordination.","http://africamda.org/ "]
[null,"African Renewable Energy Alliance (AREA)","A global multi-stakeholder platform to exchange information and consult about policies, technologies and financial mechanisms for the accelerated uptake of renewable energy in Africa. ","http://www.area-net.org/ "]
[{"$nulls":3},"http://area-network.ning.com/  "]
[null,"AKON Lighting Africa ","An initiative launched in February 2014 that seeks to provide a concrete response at the grassroots level to Africa’s energy crisis and to lay the foundations for future development. It aims to develop an innovative solar-powered solution that will provide African villages with access to a clean and affordable source of electricity.","http://akonlightingafrica.com/ "]
[null,"Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE)","An international business association that represents the decentralised energy sector and works towards the integration of renewables into rural electrification markets in developing and emerging countries. It has more than 90 members along the whole value chain of off-grid technologies. ","http://www.ruralelec.org/ "]
[null,"Alliance of CSOs for Clean Energy Access (ACCESS)","A coalition consisting of a range of civil society organisations (CSOs), both international and national. ACCESS aims to strengthen the visibility and presence of CSOs working to deliver universal energy access, particularly within SEforALL, Sustainable Development Goal 7 implementation and other global energy initiatives. ACCESS is co-ordinated by the Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, ENERGIA, Greenpeace, HIVOS, the International Institute for Environment and Development, Practical Action, TERI, the World Resources Institute and WWF.","https://access-coalition.org/ "]
[null,"Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN)","The operational arm of the UN Climate Change Technology Mechanism, hosted by UN Environment and the UN Industrial Development Organization. CTCN promotes the accelerated transfer of environmentally sound technologies for low-carbon and climate-resilient development at the request of developing countries. It provides technology solutions, capacity building and advice on policy, legal and regulatory frameworks tailored to the needs of individual countries.","https://www.ctc-n.org/ "]
[null,"Climate Technology Initiative Private Financing Advisory Network (CTI PFAN)","A multilateral, public-private partnership initiated by the Climate Technology Initiative (CTI) in co-operation with the UN Climate Expert Group on Technology Transfer. PFAN operates to bridge the gap between investments and clean energy businesses. It is designed to be an “open source” network to fit seamlessly with existing global and regional initiatives and to be inclusive of all stakeholders with an interest in clean energy financing.","http://www.cti-pfan.net/ "]
[null,"Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP)","A global partnership of 34 leading organisations, housed at the World Bank, that seeks to advance financial inclusion. It develops innovative solutions through practical research and active engagement with financial service providers, policy makers and funders to enable approaches at scale. ","http://www.cgap.org/ "]
[null,"ENERGIA International","An international network of more than 22 organisations working in Africa and Asia that are focused on gender issues, women’s empowerment and sustainable energy. ","http://www.energia.org/ "]
[null,"Energy Access Practitioner Network","A global network of more than 2,500 members operating in over 170 countries representing small, medium-sized and large clean energy enterprises, civil society, government and academia. The network was established in 2011 to catalyse the delivery of modern energy services, particularly decentralised solutions for rural electrification. ","http://www.energyaccess.org "]
[null,"Energy for All Partnership ","A regional platform for co-operation, knowledge,  technical exchange and key project development. It brings together key stakeholders from the private sector, financial institutions, governments, bilateral, multilateral and non-governmental development partners. The Partnership, led by the ADB, aims to provide access to safe, clean and affordable modern energy to 200 million households in the Asia-Pacific region by 2020.","https://energyforall.asia/energy_for_all_partnership  "]
[null,"Global Off-grid Lighting Association (GOGLA)","An independent, not-for-profit industry association that represents over 125 members as the voice of the off-grid solar energy industry and promotes the solutions they offer. GOGLA was founded in 2012, borne out of the IFC/World Bank’s Lighting Global programme.","https://www.gogla.org "]
[null,"Global Renewable Energy Islands Network (GREIN)","A network created to help islands accelerate their renewable energy uptake. It serves as a platform for pooling knowledge, sharing best practices and seeking innovative solutions for the accelerated update of clean and cost-effective renewable energy technologies in island states and territories.","http://grein.irena.org/ "]
[null,"HEDON Household Energy Network","A network aimed at empowering practitioners to unlock barriers to household energy access by addressing knowledge gaps, facilitating partnerships and fostering information sharing. ","http://www.hedon.info/tiki-index.php "]
[null,"Hydro Power Empowerment Network (HPNET)","A diverse set of international, national and local actors committed to collectively promoting and advancing pico (<5 kW), micro (<100 kW), and mini (<1,000 kW) hydropower in South and Southeast Asia. HPNET’s aim is to catalyse micro-hydro practitioners for the advancement and advocacy of resilient micro-hydropower, towards equitable and sustainable development of rural communities in South and Southeast Asia. ","http://www.hpnet.org/  "]
[null,"International Network for Sustainable Energy (INFORSE)","A network of 140 NGOs operating in 60 countries that was established as part of the Rio Convention. It is dedicated to promoting sustainable energy and social development and is funded by a mix of national governments, multilateral institutions and CSOs. INFORSE focuses on four areas: raising awareness about sustainable energy use; promoting institutional reform among national governments; building local and national capacity on energy-related issues; and supporting R&D.","http://www.inforse.org/ "]
[null,"International Solar Alliance (ISA)","A coalition of solar resource-rich countries that was conceived to address their special energy needs and to provide a platform to collaborate on addressing the identified gaps through a common, agreed approach. The common goal of the Alliance is to increase the use of solar energy in meeting energy needs of prospective ISA member countries in a safe, convenient, affordable, equitable and sustainable manner.","http://www.isolaralliance.org  "]
[null,"La Via Campesina (LVC)","Informally known as the “international peasants’ movement”, LVC is a group of about 150 organisational members that co-ordinate migrant workers, farmers, rural women and indigenous communities on rural development issues. The “sustainable agriculture”, “water” and “women and human rights” programmes deal with various aspects of rural energy use, especially the connections between food security and biofuels.","http://viacampesina.org/ "]
[null,"Power for All","A global coalition of 200 private and public organisations campaigning to deliver universal energy access before 2030 through decentralised, renewable electricity. Power for All is committed to delivering access to energy within 10 years for the 85% of the 1.1 billion people without reliable power that live in rural areas.","http://www.powerforall.org  "]
[]
[null,"RedBioLAC","A multinational network of institutions involved in research and dissemination of anaerobic bio-digestion and the treatment and management of organic waste in Latin America and the Caribbean.","http://www.wisions.net/pages/redbiolac "]
[null,"Scaling Off-grid Energy","A platform for leading donors and investors to develop Africa’s off-grid energy sector and co-ordinate investments to connect more households and businesses to electricity. It aims to incentivize technological innovation, fund early stage companies and support critical elements of the off-grid ecosystem. Founding partners are USAID, the UK Department for International Development and the Shell Foundation.","https://www.scalingoffgrid.org/ "]
[null,"Wind Empowerment","A global association for the development of locally built small-scale wind turbines for sustainable rural electrification.","http://windempowerment.org/ "]
[]
[null,"Source","Se endnote 25 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R25 from submissions by report contributors and from various institutional reports and websites."]

{"sheet":"R26","index":122,"n_rows":33,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":33,"merged":[[3,1,3,12],[4,1,4,12],[7,1,7,12],[9,1,9,12],[12,1,12,12],[21,1,21,12]]}
["Table of Contents","Table R26: Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment, 2007-2017"]
[]
[null,null,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017]
[null,"New Investment by Stage"]
[null,"Technology Research"]
[null,"Government R&D","2.7","2.8","5.4","4.9","4.8","4.7","5.2","4.5","4.4","5.1","5.1"]
[null,"Corporate R&D","3.2","3.6","3.8","3.9","4.5","4.2","4.0","3.9","4.2","4.2","4.8"]
[null,"Development / Commercialisation"]
[null,"Venture capital","2.1","3.3","1.6","2.7","2.7","2.6","1.1","1.1","1.5","1.0","1.0"]
[null,"Manufacturing"]
[null,"Private equity expansion capital","3.5","6.9","3.2","5.5","2.4","1.7","1.4","1.7","1.8","1.7","0.8"]
[null,"Public markets","20.8","10.8","12.7","10.8","9.9","4.0","10.2","15.1","12.0","6.1","5.7"]
[null,"Projects"]
[null,"Asset finance","115.1","135.6","120.4","155.2","190.1","169.4","159.3","201.3","252.4","215.6","216.1"]
[null,"(re-invested equity)","2.6","3.6","1.9","1.5","1.8","2.6","1.0","3.3","6.1","2.9","3.1"]
[null,"Small distributed capacity","14.0","22.1","33.0","62.2","75.2","71.6","54.4","60.0","53.2","43.1","49.4"]
[null,"Total New Investment","158.9","181.4","178.3","243.6","287.8","255.5","234.4","284.3","323.4","274.0","279.8"]
[null,"Merger & Acquisition Transactions","59.1","61.3","65.1","60.0","74.0","66.9","68.1","88.1","98.4","115.5","114.0"]
[null,"Total Transactions","218.0","242.7","243.3","303.6","361.8","322.4","302.5","372.3","421.8","389.5","393.8"]
[]
[]
[null,"New Investment by Technology"]
[null,"Solar power","38.7","61.5","64.0","103.3","158.1","140.5","119.9","145.3","179.3","136.5","160.8"]
[null,"Wind power","60.9","74.8","79.5","101.5","87.2","83.6","86.4","110.7","124.7","121.6","107.2"]
[null,"Biomass and waste-to-energy","22.9","17.5","15.1","16.9","20.2","15.8","14.0","12.7","9.4","7.3","4.7"]
[null,"Hydropower <50 MW","6.5","7.6","6.2","8.2","7.6","6.5","5.8","7.0","3.6","3.9","3.4"]
[null,"Biofuels","27.4","18.2","10.2","10.6","10.6","7.2","5.2","5.2","3.5","2.1","2.0"]
[null,"Geothermal","1.7","1.7","2.8","2.9","3.9","1.6","2.8","2.9","2.5","2.5","1.6"]
[null,"Ocean energy","0.8","0.2","0.3","0.2","0.2","0.3","0.2","0.3","0.2","0.2","0.2"]
[null,"Total New Investment","158.9","181.4","178.3","243.6","287.8","255.5","234.4","284.3","323.4","274.0","279.8"]
[]
[null,"Source","See endnote 26 for this section."]
[null,null,"Table R26 from Frankfurt School-UNEP Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance and Bloomberg New Energy Finance, Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2018 (Frankfurt: April 2018), p. 12, http://fs-unep-centre.org/sites/default/files/ publications/gtr2018v2.pdf."]